Can't sleep at night,
Sit up and play the piano.
Look at the bright moon with a thin curtain,
The breeze blows on my chest.
Lonely flood, outfield,
Birds are singing in the northern forest.
What will you see when you walk?
Worry and be sad alone.
The love poem is the general topic of Ruan Ji's life poem, not a temporary work. Most of them write about life feelings, but they also say that life's fate is impermanent and life is limited, and they need to get rid of the circle of opportunities and be broad-minded. At that time, there was also criticism of politics, but it was written in a very obscure way.
2 swords: photos. The moon shone on the thin curtains.
Xiang bird: a kind of bird that flies and hovers. Birds fly at night because of the bright moon.
Brief introduction of the author
1, life, personality
Ruan Ji was a writer and thinker in the Three Kingdoms Wei Dynasty. Word heir, Liu Chenwei (now Henan) people. His father Ruan Yu is one of the seven famous sons of Jian 'an. At that time, he and Ji Kang were called one of the seven sages of bamboo forest.
I am proud of my appearance, my ambition is declining, I am proud of myself, I am willful and unruly, but my emotions are intangible. Or read a book behind closed doors and stay indoors for months; Or climb the scenery and forget to return after a day. Read a lot, especially ancient. Drinking can make sound and play the piano well. When he gets carried away, many people say he is stupid. ("Jin Shu? Biography of Ruan Ji)
This book has been devoted to helping the world. Belonged to the Wei and Jin Dynasties. There are many reasons in the world and few celebrities know all the details. The reason is nothing to do with the world, so drinking is common. Wendi (Si Mazhao) wanted to propose to Liang Wudi (Sima Yan) at first, but he was drunk for 60 days and couldn't stop. ("Jin Shu? Biography of Ruan Ji)
Books can also be blue eyes. When you see people with customs, you can read them with white eyes. Ji Lai hanged himself, lost his eyes and retired with joy. I'm glad my brother Kang heard about it, but I prepared wine and made a piano. I was happy, but I saw my eyes. ("Jin Shu? Biography of Ruan Ji
Step 2 create
Ruan Ji's masterpiece is eighty-two poems of "Yong Huai". These poems were not written in one place at one time, but poems written by a person all his life, with the general title of "Yong Huai". Poetry expresses feelings, makes comments and writes ideals.
His main works include 82 poems about Huaihai, which express inner anguish, expose the darkness of reality and are full of cynicism and vulgarity. Due to the political environment, Huaihai's poems often use metaphors to express the present, which is both profound and obscure. Ruan Ji inherited the fine traditions of The Book of Songs, Chu Ci and Jian 'an literature, and made great contributions to the development of five-character poems. His prose "Biography of Mr. Adult" satirizes the hypocrisy and greed of secular mediocrity, and his writing is extremely spicy. There are books 13 volumes, which have been lost. In the Ming Dynasty, Ruan Infantry Collection was compiled, and the neighbor wrote Ruan Infantry's Poems on Huai River.
Poetry appreciation
Ruan Ji is the representative of "the beginning sound". His 82 poems "Yong Huai" are very famous lyrics. Some of these poems reflect the poet's infinite loneliness, pain and anger under the cover of all kinds of drunkenness and madness in a sinister political environment. Some poems show the poet's fear of political risks and hope to avoid the world. Some poems satirize the present by borrowing from the past, pinning their criticism or feelings on current politics, and showing the poet's concern for state affairs; There are also some poems that mock the affectation and hypocrisy of etiquette people. Generally speaking, Ruan Ji's poem "Yong Huai" takes "worrying but being sad alone" as the main tone, which has a strong lyrical color. In art, metaphor, sustenance, symbolism and other techniques are often used, forming a poetic style of "grief, indignation and sadness, obscurity and twists and turns".
This is the first of Ruan Ji's 82 five-character Huaihe poems. Poetry expresses the poet's complex emotions such as anger, sadness, loneliness and anxiety. However, despite the poet's sigh of "sorrow alone", he never directly broke the "sorrow", but "directly quoted the situation to show people", and contained his own inner feelings in the image description. Leng Yue's cool breeze, lonely wilderness and sleepless nights have turned invisible "troubles" into intuitive images, as if they were in front of people's eyes and ears. Readers can feel the poet's lonely and angry mood from the "situational tone" shown in the poem. But that kind of "worry" is just an emotion, an experience and a feeling. People can appreciate the loneliness and bitterness contained in it, but it is difficult to grasp its specific content. The remarkable feature of this poem is that "words are heard in the sky, and feelings are sent outside the eight famine".
The first four sentences of this poem describe a fairy story in Liu Xiang's Fairy Biography: "Jiang Fei and her two daughters, I don't know who they are, traveled in the Mekong River and the Han River (by the water) and met Zheng Jiaofu." Jiao Fu saw it and welcomed it. Next, please ask him, two women and Jov to solve it together. Reach in and accept it, hug it, "hurry to dozens of steps, depend? , nothing? ; The ancient two women suddenly disappeared. " Here, I borrow this story to cheer myself up: two girls, Xu, swim on the bank of Jianghan and dance freely with the wind. Zheng Jiaofu met them and fell in love at first sight, asking them to untie the ring. As a token, the two women agreed to his request. Hand over the ring? Hide in your arms. The two goddesses are young and beautiful (gracefu), and both are fragrant. The following eight sentences are inconsistent with the records in The Legend of the Immortal, but the poet used the topic to exert his imagination, wrote the lingering lovesickness of the two sides after parting, and praised their loyalty to love. "Mighty" means graceful and touching. "Allure" and "fascination with Cai" both describe the peerless beauty of women. "Han dynasty history. There is a song by Li Yannian in "Biography of consorts": "Who is cuter than her? Those who die in the world are independent. They care about the city first and then the country. " Song Yu's ode to a lascivious disciple has "the son of my boss, smiling, confused with Yangcheng, and in love with Cai (place name)." These four sentences were written by Zheng Jiaofu. After leaving, he has a lingering affection for the second princess, and he really loves each other and never forgets it. The beautiful face of the second princess has been deeply imprinted in Jiao Fu's heart. "Grateful" four sentences are written that the second princess does not hate the suffering of lovesickness. "HEMEROCALLIS fulva", or "HEMEROCALLIS fulva", is said to be able to forget the sorrow, so it is also called a girl without worries. "Doris" is still a sweet lady, that is, a female bedroom. "Cream bath", the hair oil used by ancient women. These four sentences are from "Shi Feng Wei Bo Xi" and "How can I get grass? How to talk about the back of the tree (under the steps of Beitang) ","Who is suitable without ointment? " And "It rains and the sun rises". It describes that the second princess was moved by Jiao's sincere love and had a sad feeling. "Women are pleasing to themselves", but now they yearn for Zheng Jiaofu and can't see it, so their hair is messy, they are lazy to powder and tired of combing; I longed for Jiao Fu to come, but he never came, just as I longed for rain, and the sun appeared in the sky, which made people feel resentful. In the description of this mythical love story, the poet naturally expressed infinite affection, so the two sentences at the end suddenly asked: Why did the rock-solid friendship break up in an instant, which made people sad? Ruan Ji's words are far-reaching and his writing is more secluded. The same is true of the theme of this poem. Even under eternity, there are different opinions, either satirizing love (such as Shen Yue) or metaphorically expressing the sufferings of the monarch and his subjects (how to express it). Yuan Man and Liu Lu explained it in the most detailed way: "At the beginning, Wei was the most important thing, and he kept saying that he could serve the country faithfully; Even autocratic theft, trying to usurp the inverse, so it is ironic to inherit his words. Can you read the second princess's solution after you say it? When we first met, I still loved you, but I won't forget it for a long time. A beautiful woman can have a good relationship with her, but she can still appreciate her ideas and concentrate on her, even worrying and complaining. How to treat thighs and arms As a person who cares about his heart, once he changes, he will hurt his back. Friends of the monarch and ministers are all based on righteousness, so it is a metaphor for the friendship between stones. " (Notes on Selected Poems) It is generally believed that "Jinshi Religion" is a metaphor for Emperor Cao Wei and Sima Yi, who was an important official of Cao Wei. So this poem should be said to be a satire on Sima. The whole poem uses metaphor and contrast, and its poetic twists and turns are subtle. It is "profound" enough to satirize the real relationship between monarch and minister, but it borrows a distant mythical love story and imagines it out of thin air. The last two sentences are the key for readers to find sustenance, but the poet only reveals clues by asking questions about allusions, but he doesn't know what to say; Moreover, allusions are often used in poetry, which makes the meaning more and more obscure. This is the so-called "words in the eyes and ears, feelings sent to the table of eight shortages" ("Poetry"). The love between men and women is a metaphor for the separation of monarch and minister. Poems such as Qu Yuan's Li Sao and Cao Zhi's Seven Sorrow have existed for a long time, but they are in direct proportion, and this poem is antithetical. The first twelve sentences are all used to compare the last two sentences, forming a strong contrast. As for its twists and turns, it is naturally due to the times and environment.
Please adopt it.