Shanpo sheep
Zhang
Tongguan nostalgia
The peaks are like gathering, the waves are like anger, and the mountains and rivers are like Tongguan Road. Looking at the western capital, I hesitated. Sad Qin and Han dynasties, ten thousand rooms in the palace have been turned into soil. Xing, the people suffer; People suffer when they die.
[Note] 1. Goat: the name of the qupai.
Tongguan Road: Tongguan: Place name, in present-day Shaanxi Province. There is the Yellow River outside Tongguan and Huashan Mountain inside, forming a natural barrier. "Mountains and rivers are outside" means that rivers are outside and mountains are inside.
3. West Capital: refers to Chang 'an (now Xi 'an).
Fourth, hesitation (chou, chu is worried): I think a lot, I feel uneasy, or I hesitate. It means to be lost in thought.
V. Sadness of Qin and Han Dynasties: It refers to the sadness when passing through the ruins of Qin and Han palaces.
Palace Que: generally refers to the palace.
Seven. Rise and Fall: Representing the replacement of dynasties in feudal society.
[Appreciation] In the second year of Yuan Wenzong, there was a drought in Guanzhong, and Zhang was recalled to Taichung, Shaanxi Province for disaster relief. He wrote this famous article when passing through Tongguan. The author expressed his sympathy for the people in a mournful tone. This poem has three meanings: the first three sentences are that the mountains are overlapping and the Yellow River is surging, which shows the majestic and steep terrain of Tongguan surrounded by mountains and rivers. Four to seven sentences are the second meaning, and the word "hesitation" vividly expresses the author's feelings in Matongguan, wandering forward, recalling the prosperous scene of Chang 'an in the past from the image of decline in front of him, and his infinite feelings for the vicissitudes of the world. The last four sentences are the third meaning, which clearly points out that the "prosperity" and "death" of all dynasties will bring suffering to the people. This is the crowning touch of the whole poem.