This trip is not for bath, but for famous mountains.
In the 13th year of Kaiyuan (725), Li Bai bid farewell to Bashan and Shushui and began to roam Wu Chu. This poem was written by the poet when he first entered Chu State. Jingmen, or Jingmen Mountain, is located on the south bank of the Yangtze River in the northwest of Yidu County, Hubei Province, across the river from Huya Mountain on the north bank. During the Warring States period, it was the gateway to the western part of Chu. For Li Bai, who was only 25 years old at that time, crossing Jingmen not only meant entering the territory of Chu, but also marked the beginning of a new stage in his life. With a longing for a new world and a bright future, the poet happily wrote this seven-line poem.
"Frost falls on the trees of Jingmen River." The first sentence is about the scenery around Jingmen Mountain. "first frost", the season is in late autumn; "Jingmen" means that this place is right at the gateway of western Chu. These four words not only explain the time and place, but also point out the "autumn" and "Jingmen" which are closely related to the poem title. "The trees in the river are empty" refers to the leaves falling after first frost, and the trees by the river appear empty and clear. Unlike many ancient poems about autumn leaves, this poem has no meaning of falling flowers. autumn scenery with crisp autumn air and beautiful mountains and rivers is really pleasing to the eye.
Sailing in such an environment is naturally a pleasure, so the poet wrote in the second sentence: "The canvas is safe and hanging in the autumn wind." Hang up the cloth sail, ride the autumn wind, have a safe trip and start sailing. After the last sentence, this sentence points out the word "Xia" in the poem. "Canvas is safe" is an allusion. According to the biography of Gu Kaizhi in the Book of Jin, Gu Kaizhi, a master painter in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, once joined the army under Yin Zhong Kan, the secretariat of Jingzhou, and they were very friendly. When Gu Kaizhi asked for leave to return to the East, Yin Zhongkan lent him the cloth sail. Later, Kaizhi met a strong wind on the way and wrote to Zhong Kan, saying, "The pedestrians are safe and the sails are safe." Li Bai borrowed this allusion, on the one hand, to say that the voyage was very smooth, and on the other hand, to say that God helped the trip. The autumn wind is the west wind, and the poet wants to travel eastward, which is the downwind. Imagine how pleasant it would be to drive downwind to Wan Li! The poet's heroic spirit of aiming high, braving the wind and waves, and going forward bravely has come to the fore.
"This trip is not to live", this sentence also uses an allusion. In the Western Jin Dynasty, Zhang was a subordinate of Sima Yi, the king of Qi. Because of the autumn wind, he missed the delicious soup and perch in his hometown, so he resigned and returned to his hometown (see Biography of Wen Yuan in the Book of Jin). Li Bai's roaming in Wu Chu was in the autumn wind and fat bass season, which reminded him of the past of the Jin Dynasty. However, Hans Zhang returned to his hometown when he returned to Wu, and Li Bai left his hometown when he traveled to Wu. Although he went to Wu for different reasons. Therefore, the poet uses allusions here to show that the purpose of this trip is different from his trip to Hans Zhang. In fact, "eating bass" is just an excuse for Hans to return to Wu. Its real purpose is to get rid of officialdom and avoid disaster. Born in a prosperous time, Li Bai, who wants to do something big, naturally refuses to follow the example of Hans Zhang. What is the poet's purpose in going to the countryside and leaving his relatives behind? At the end of the poem, I made an intriguing answer: "Love famous mountains and enter deep mountains." Halfway up the mountain, it is now a county in Zhejiang Province, where beautiful mountains and rivers are famous all over the world. It is of course reasonable that the poet loves famous mountains and rivers all his life and yearns for the beautiful scenery of mountains and rivers. However, it is superficial to understand it only in this way. The poet said in the article "Poems of Peichang in Shang 'an Prefecture": "A gentleman must have the ambition of all directions, but serve the country with his sword and leave his relatives to travel far. "It can be seen that his wandering in the sea is actually to realize the ambition of the Quartet. In "Dai Shoushan's Answer to Meng Shaofu's Notes", it is even more clear: "Smart and willing to help, so that the atlas area will be fixed and the sea county will be clear. "It turns out that the poet's grand ambition is to wander around the world and then occupy an important position to assist the monarch in the great cause of leveling the world." This trip is not for bass fishing, which is a denial of Hans Zhang's move, and "Love famous mountains and dive into mountains" is a positive promotion of his noble demeanor. One is contrary to the other, and the style of writing is ups and downs, swaying with the wind and bringing out the best in each other.
The poet lived in the prosperous Tang Dynasty and was full of confidence in the future under the influence of the spirit of the times. His unique romantic temperament made him unwilling to realize his political ideal through the old way of imperial examination. This poem is a true portrayal of the poet's romantic life. The poetry is full of high spirits, which fully embodies the style of the times in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. In art, this seven-line poem is also very distinctive. No matter the scenery, narration or allusions in poems, they are all expressed in simple words. These poems, which are close to spoken language, have profound meanings and are chewy. Shen Deqian, a poet in A Qing, commented on Li Bai's seven-character quatrains in Tang Poetry: "Seven-character quatrains are the most precious, which are close to feelings and contain undisclosed words. Just look at the prospect and spoken language, but there are overtones, which makes people stay away from it. Too white. " This comment is fully applicable to this poem.