Category: Art >> Poems and Songs
Problem Description:
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Analysis:
Ding Fengbo Su Shi
On March 7, it rained on Shahu Road. The rain gear went first, and everyone in the group was in a panic, but I didn't realize it. It's already clear, so I did this.
Don’t listen to the sound of beating leaves through the forest, why not just scream and walk slowly. Bamboo sticks and mango shoes are easier than horses, who is afraid? A coop of mist and rain will last a lifetime.
The steep spring breeze blows away the drunkenness, it is slightly cold, but the mountain tops are shining slantingly. Looking back at the desolate place where I came from, there was neither wind, rain nor sunshine.
This poem was written in the fifth year of Yuanfeng (1082), the fifth year of Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty, the third year after he was demoted to Huangzhou. Writing about the foreground embodies matters in the heart; talking about the philosophy of life due to natural phenomena. It belongs to the situation to create the emotion, rather than to create the scenery according to the emotion. The author has this kind of feeling, which is triggered when something happens. "Dongpo Zhilin" said: "Thirty miles southeast of Huangzhou is a sand lake, also called Luoshidian. I bought a field in the middle of it because I went to Xiangtian." When it rained on the way, he wrote such a poem to see it in simplicity. With profound meaning, it is a word that makes waves in ordinary situations.
The first sentence "Don't listen to the sound of beating leaves in the forest", just two words "Don't listen" can reveal the temperament. The sound of raindrops hitting leaves in the forest is an objective reality. Saying "don't listen" means that there are not enough external objects to linger in your mind. So what? "Why not scream and walk slowly" is an extension of the previous sentence. Walking slowly and leisurely in the rain as usual, echoes the short preface "Everyone in the group is embarrassed, but I alone don't realize it", which also leads to the following "Who is afraid", that is, not afraid of coming. Walking slowly and whistling at the same time, it is written twice; the word "why not" makes it a little playful and adds a challenging color. The first two sentences are the main idea of ??the whole article, and the following sentiments are derived from this.
"The bamboo stick and mango shoes are lighter than the horse." Let’s talk about bamboo sticks, mango shoes and horses first. The former is for walking and belongs to idlers. Two years later, the author left Huangzhou and moved to Ruzhou, passing through Lushan. There is a poem in "First Arrival in Lushan" that goes: "My mango shoes and green bamboo stick, I hang a hundred coins to travel; it's strange that deep in the mountains, everyone knows the old prince." The use of bamboo. The stick-gang shoes are what he said, "I am a wanderer in the world, traveling in this leisurely way" ("Nan Gezi"). And horse. It is the mount of an official or a busy person, which is the so-called "busy horse on the road". Both are derived from the word "行" and are therefore comparable. Where does the former outperform the latter? The truth is explained with a "lightness", which is interesting to chew on. Bamboo cane shoes are indeed light, light and portable, but using them when walking in the rain, dragging through mud and water, is far inferior to the convenience of riding a horse. Then, the word "light" must have another meaning, and it clearly means "without an official position, one is light".
How to see it? Feudal scholar-bureaucrats always have this creed: if they are prosperous, they will benefit the world, and if they are poor, they will take care of themselves. Because Su Shi opposed the new law, in the second year of Yuanfeng, someone excerpted passages from his poems and said they were "slanderous about the government and Chinese and foreign officials." He was arrested and sent to Yushitai Prison when he was in Zhihuzhou; he was detained for four months. Yu, who was saved from death, was relegated to the deputy envoy of Tuanlian in Huangzhou and resettled in the state. After arriving in Huangzhou in the third year of Yuanfeng, he replied to Li Zhiyi in a letter: "Since I was offended, I have been deeply isolated, wandering in the mountains and rivers, among the woodcutters and fishermen. I am often criticized by intoxicated people, and I am often unrecognizable to myself. "Being pushed around and scolded, I didn't know he was an official, but I thought it was a happy event; "It's strange that deep in the mountains, everyone knows the old prince" in the poem "First Arrival in Lushan" expresses the same feeling from another aspect mean. This kind of mentality is strange, and it also shows that he is bored and afraid of being an official. The opposite of "official" is "hidden", which leads to the sentence "I can live my whole life under the misty rain", which is a natural development of this idea.
There is a popular explanation for "You can live your whole life under a coir raincoat": "Wearing a coir raincoat and living in the wind and rain all your life, you are still calm (this means you can withstand a hard life)." (Hu Yunyi) "Song Poems") understands the meaning of the words from a positive perspective, but it seems that it does not really touch the reality of Su Shi's thoughts. I don't think the word "a cloud of mist" here refers to the prospect, but to the things in the heart. Just imagine that at this time, "the rain gear goes first, and all the colleagues are in a panic." How can there be a raincoat to wear? "Misty rain" does not refer to the rain in Shahu Road, but the scene of vast mist, wind and rain on the rivers and lakes. Su Shi wanted to retire from the world! He wrote the poem "Ding Feng Bo" in March and wrote the lyrics to "Linjiang Immortal" in September. He also included the sentence "The boat passed away from now on, and the rest of his life was left in the river and sea", which made Xu Junyou, the magistrate of Huangzhou who was responsible for controlling him, hear it. He was shocked and thought that the criminal had escaped; combined with what was described in Li Zhiyi's book as "a boat with a grasshopper, wandering in the mountains and rivers, mixed with woodcutter and fishermen", he felt happy. This was his state of mind. During the first two or three years in Huangzhou It has been expressed over and over again. Although the terms may be different, they can mutually prove each other. It is also clear that the meaning of "living in the mist and rain for a lifetime" is to go into seclusion.
The three lines in the next film, "The top of the mountain is shining slantingly but we are greeted by each other" are realistic. However, saying "take a tilted photo to greet them" also reveals the joyful mood. The preface of the word says: "It's already clear, so I wrote it this way." The seven words were written leisurely, but they were a touch of clearness. Without this "It's already clear", he wouldn't have written this poem. Writing about sunny weather still carries the original wind and rain. How did he feel about the rain and clear weather along the way?
These are the next few sentences: "Looking back to the desolate place, when I go back, there is neither wind, rain nor sunshine." "Desolate, the sound of wind and rain." "When does it rain at night and listen to the desolate sound?" This is Su Shi Famous sentences. The sky has cleared up, and I have some feelings when I look back on the wind and rain I experienced on the way here.
The cycle of ups and downs in nature has long been common; when wind and rain hit us in our official career, it is difficult to predict when it will turn around. Is it certain that the rain will overtake the sky? In this case, as Huang Tingjian said, "Patients often dream of doctors, and prisoners often dream of forgiveness" ("Ten Poems on Exile in Southern Guizhou"). People who have been exposed to wind and rain should hope for the future. Su Shi thought of this Deeper, he said it was better without wind and rain. If there is no wind or rain, there is no need to worry about looking forward to the sunshine or being happy about the sunshine. This is the true meaning of "there is neither wind nor rain nor sunshine". How to achieve the state of "there is neither wind nor rain" in politics? It’s “return”! This term is taken from Tao Yuanming's "Return and Go Xi", which corresponds to the above "A raincape and a life". In the Jianghu, even if it is misty and misty, it is much better than the wind and rain in the official career.
[Translation] Don’t pay attention to the sound of rain beating leaves through the forest. You might as well walk leisurely while chanting and whistling. Bamboo sticks and mango shoes are more agile than horses, so what's so scary! I am wearing a raincoat and just living my life in the wind and rain.
The cool spring breeze woke me up from the drunkenness, and I felt a little cold. The setting sun, which has just begun to clear on the top of the mountain, is welcoming. Looking back at the windy and bleak place I came to, I strolled back. It didn't matter whether it was windy or rainy or sunny.