This poem is a poem dedicated to snow as a gift. In the thirteenth year of Tianbao (754), Cen Shen came out of the fortress again and served as the judge of Feng Changqing, the governor of Anbeiting. Wu may be his predecessor. I wrote this poem to send him back to Beijing. "Brothers Cen Shen are all curious" (Du Fu's "Maipei Xing"). Don't ignore the word "odd" everywhere when reading this poem.
The beginning of this poem is surprising. The rumor spread before Bai Xue. The so-called "the breath has been swallowed before the pen reaches it" - it is all the spirit of Feixue. Heavy snow must come with the wind. The four words "north wind rolls over the ground" mean that the snow comes from the wind. "Baicao", according to the ancient annotation of Yan Shi in "Hanshu: Biography of the Western Regions", is the name of a grass in the northwest. Wang Xianqian added that it has a very tough nature. However, frost-resistant grass is brittle, so it can be broken (if it is spring grass, it cannot be "broken" when it is tilted by the wind). "Baicao Zhe" shows that the wind is coming fiercely again. Autumn is high in August, and the sky in the north is already covered with snow. "Hu Tian is about to snow in August", the word "that is" vividly expresses the unusual and strange tone of surprise of people from the south.
It is bitterly cold outside the Great Wall, and when the north wind blows, heavy snow falls. The poet uses the "spring breeze" to make pear blossoms bloom, and compares the "north wind" to make snowflakes dance, which is very novel and appropriate. The word "Suddenly" is used very cleverly. It not only describes the vagaries of "Hu Tian" and the sudden onset of heavy snow, but also once again conveys the poet's expression of surprise and curiosity. The magnificent artistic conception of "thousands of pear trees in bloom" is quite romantic. Southerners have seen the scene of pear blossoms in full bloom. The snow-white flowers are not only one by one, but also in clusters. The flowers are in clusters and the branches are low, which is very similar to the scene of snow in the winter forest. The spring breeze blows and the pear blossoms bloom, reaching "thousands of trees". The overlapping rhetoric shows the prosperity and magnificence of the scene. "The sky is full of spring snow, and everything it touches seems to be blooming" (Dongfang Qiu's "Spring Snow"). Flowers are also used as metaphors for snow. The ingenuity is similar, but both pride and curiosity have to give this poem three points. The poet compares the spring scenery to the winter scenery, especially the spring scenery in the south compared to the winter scenery in the north. It almost makes people forget the cold and feel joy and warmth in their hearts. To comment on this famous line that praises snow through the ages, there is an idiom - "a wonderful hand brings back spring".
After a beautiful start by writing about the snowy scene in the wild, the poem was written from outside the tent to inside the tent. Pieces of flying "flowers" fluttered in, passed through the curtains and entered the house, and slowly melted on the curtains... The phrase "scattered into the bead curtains and moistened the curtains" connects the previous and the next, and the transition is natural and calm, and the objects are subtle. The influence of "white snow" invades the room. If you are in the south, wearing a "fox fur" will make you feel hot, but here the "fox fur" is not warm, and even the soft "brocade quilt" feels thin. The general who "can make five eagles" can't draw the horn bow; he usually "doesn't take off his golden armor at night", but at this time, "the iron armor of the general protector is too cold to wear". The two sentences are about the general who is the governor of the Duhu Mansion at the edge of the town. Some people think that these four sentences express the harsh and cold life of the border soldiers. Who can say otherwise if we only focus on these few sentences? But in terms of the theme of the "Song of Snow", it mainly writes about the strange cold weather and the power of snow through people's feelings and through various things that are considered abnormal by people from the south. This is really a hymn to white snow. He writes about the severe cold through people's feelings, and his technique is concrete and realistic, not just an abstract concept. The poet talks about the strange cold so much that people don't feel the bitterness, but feel that the cold is fresh and interesting. This is another manifestation of the poet's "curious" personality.
The scene moved outside the tent again, and extended to the vast desert and the vast sky: the vast sea of ??sand, ice and snow everywhere; the snow was heavy on the winter clouds, thick and dense. Although the snow had stopped, it seemed that the weather was not good. It will get better in the short term. "The vast sea is covered with hundreds of feet of ice, and the gloomy clouds are thousands of miles away." The two sentences use exaggerated pen and ink to majestically outline the magnificent sand and snow scenery, and also arrange a typical farewell environment for "Judge Wu returns to the capital". In such cold and harsh weather, the long journey will be difficult. The word "sorrow" vaguely hints at parting and breaking up.
So I wrote about the scene of drinking wine in the central military tent (the commander's tent). If the above is mainly about praising snow and gradually showing affection, the following is about farewell with white snow as the background. The sentence "Huqin, Pipa and Qiangdi" juxtaposes three musical instruments without writing about the music itself, which seems clumsy, but it can still indirectly convey a scene of urgent pipes and numerous strings, as well as the meaning of "always leaving the mountains behind." These borderland instrumental music can trigger nostalgia for the sender, adding a special flavor to the farewell. The farewell banquet left a deep impression on the readers without much ink, which also shows that the author divided the writing into priorities and details according to the meaning of the title.
It was already dusk when we saw off the guests and sent them out of the military gate, and saw heavy snowfall. At this time, I saw a strange sight: despite the strong wind, the red flag on the camp gate did not move - it had been frozen by the ice and snow. This vivid and unusual detail once again expresses the extremely cold weather. The bright red dot on the background of white snow and the star of warm color on the cold-toned picture make the whole realm whiter and colder; the motionless objects in the sky with flying snowflakes make the whole picture more vivid. This is another wonderful piece of writing in the poem.
Send guests off to the intersection, which is the east gate of Luntai. Although reluctant to leave, it is time to break up after all. The mountains are blocked by heavy snow, so how can we get there? The road turned around and the pedestrians disappeared into the snow. The poet was still watching affectionately. These last few lines are extremely touching, and become an excellent ending to the poem, matching the beginning.
Looking at the horse hoof tracks "left in the sky", what was he thinking? Are you nostalgic for the traveler who cannot leave you? Are you worried about "when will the long road through the mountains end?" or are you melancholy because your return date is uncertain? There is endless emotion at the end, and the artistic conception is similar to the famous line in the ancient Han Dynasty poem "Stepping out of the east gate of the city and looking at Jiangnan Road. In the wind and snow the day before yesterday, old friends left here", but when used at the end of the poem, the effect is even better.
It is full of strange emotions and wonderful thoughts, which is the main feature of this poem (this can well reflect the poet's creative personality). The author uses keen observation and sensibility to capture the wonders of the frontier fortress, with strong writing skills, including large strokes of wine (such as the two sentences "Hanhai"), detailed outlines (such as "the red flag flutters in the wind and does not turn over when frozen"), and real and vivid descriptions , there are also romantic and wonderful imaginations (such as the two sentences "Suddenly"), which reproduce the magnificent natural scenery of the border areas and are full of rich flavor of border areas life. The whole poem combines strong subjective feelings. While singing about the natural scenery, it also expresses the sincere friendship of sending people off in the snow. The poetry is rich in connotation, has a distinct and unique artistic conception, and has a strong artistic appeal. The language of the poem is clear and beautiful, and it uses the alternation of rhymes and scenes to form an ups and downs of rhythm and melody. In the poem, two lines may change to rhyme, or four lines may change to rhyme. When the rhyme changes, the scene must be updated: the beginning of the poem has a sharp onset, which matches the scene of violent wind and snow; then the rhyme is soft and soothing, and then "spring is warm and flowers are blooming" "The beautiful scenery; then it turns dull and tense, and the bitter cold in the army appears; ... the last four sentences gradually slow down, and the horse's hoof prints gradually appear on the screen, which makes people feel depressed. The whole poem has an excellent combination of music and mood, and is worthy of the title of "talking picture". (Zhou Xiaotian)
Appreciation of "Bai Xuege Sending Judge Wu Back to the Capital"
"Bai Xuege Sending Judge Wu Back to the Capital" is a representative work of the frontier fortress poems of Cen Shen, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty.
During the Tianbao period of the Tang Dynasty, wars continued between the Han and other ethnic groups in the northwest, southwest, and northeastern borders. The frontier war was a major event in real life in the Tang Dynasty, and many poets were exposed to this theme to varying degrees in their creations. They described the strange and majestic scenery of the frontier fortress, reflected the difficult life of the frontier fortress soldiers, and expressed the sorrow and hatred of the soldiers who missed their wives. These large numbers of poems with the theme of frontier wars formed an important poetry school in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, namely the frontier poetry school. Cen Shen is an important poet of the Frontier Poetry School. In the thirteenth year of Tianbao (AD 753), Cen Shen was appointed as the judge of Feng Changqing, the governor of Anxi. "Song of White Snow" is a farewell poem he wrote to send his friends back to Beijing in the Luntai shogunate. The first half of the poem is about snow, and the second half is about farewell. At the same time, the snow scene is further described in the farewell. "Snow" is the starting point of the poet's lyrical description of the scene.