Green Grasshopper》
●Teaching Objectives
Knowledge Objectives
1. Understand and accumulate words such as "hunting, noisy, quiet, the jungle of the jungle, panic, relish" and other words.
2. Learn about Fabre and his "Insect Diary" and the living habits of cicadas.
Competency goals
1. Learn how to read quickly, understand text content and summarize key points concisely.
2. Understand that articles are rich in literary style, lively characteristics and expressive effects.
3. Understand and learn the use of personification in the text.
Moral Education Objectives
Feel the author’s rigorous and truth-seeking scientific attitude, and cultivate students’ belief in dedicating themselves to science.
●Teaching Focus
Appreciate the vivid and expressive language beauty of articles; practice how to quickly read, filter and summarize key points.
●Teaching Difficulties
Through comparison and analysis, students are guided to feel the writing characteristics of the article; to feel and learn Fabre’s spirit of exploration and observation methods.
●Teaching methods
1. Reading method. "The Green Grasshopper" is an observation essay and a beautiful prose. The scientific spirit and humanistic spirit of the article are highly combined, and the description is vivid and full of wit. Through repeated reading, you can appreciate the vivid and expressive language features, such as the use of anthropomorphic techniques and the effect of expression.
2. Discuss the prompting method. This article is an interesting essay. Because of its lively and interesting content, classroom teaching should fully mobilize students' enthusiasm for free inquiry and provide a broad space for activities to deeply grasp the meaning of the text. The teacher gives appropriate guidance and summary, such as the outstanding writing features of the article.
●Teaching aid preparation
Multimedia CAI courseware, projector
●Class schedule
1 class period
● Teaching Process
[Teaching Points]
Read quickly, understand the text content and summarize the key points in concise language. Appreciate the vivid and expressive language characteristics of the article.
[Teaching Steps]
1. Introduction Design
When I was a child, I knew that cicadas sing, crickets chirp, spiders weave webs, and ants carry food. The members of the family are a beautiful scenery in our innocent life. But as my experience grows, I lose that sense of appreciation amidst my busy schedule. In France in the 19th century, there was a person who spent his whole life writing the history of insects. He was Fabre, known as the "Virgil of the Insect World." "Insects" was written with great pains using a large amount of scientific report materials and literary temperament. It is a masterpiece, and the "Green Grasshopper" we are studying today is one of them. (Title and author of blackboard writing)
2. Material reading aid
Projection:
Fabre and "Insects"
1823 Fabre was born in a farmer's family in southern France on December 22, 2011. Since childhood, I have been fascinated by the flowers, plants, insects and birds in the outdoor nature. When he was less than 19 years old, he decided to study insects. Later, he obtained a master's degree and a doctorate in natural sciences through self-study. In 1880, he used a small sum of money he had saved to buy an old house on wasteland near the rural town of Serignan, and his plan to further study live insects was about to become a reality. He was in a good mood and gave this residence a humorous nickname in the local Provencan language - Wild Stone Garden. Year after year, he guarded his beloved barren stone garden, worked at full throttle, tirelessly engaged in unique entomological research, and wrote the fruits of his labor into volumes of "Insects". In this way, he spent the remaining 35 years of his life alone, joyful, miserable and peacefully.
The main content of "Insect Diary" focuses on entomological issues. It also includes some biographical articles describing experiences and recalling past events, some discussions on solving theoretical problems, and a small amount of texts with popular science knowledge. In 1910, Fabre said in the preface to the publication of the ten-volume hardcover edition of "Insects": "It is a pity that I am now forced to interrupt these studies. You must know that engaging in these studies is the only comfort I have received in my life. Read In the whole world, I know that insects are one of the most colorful groups. Even if I can gain some strength and maybe even live a few more long lives, I still can't fully understand the benefits of insects. "
One day in November 1915, this giant who used insects as his piano to play the vibrato of human destiny passed away.
3. Speed ??reading summary and perception of textual meaning
1. Students read the text freely and outline and explain new words.
Projection:
(1) Phonetic notate the bold words.
Noise ( ) Robbery ( ) Tranquility ( ) Love ( ) Sucking ( )
Atmosphere ( ) Return with a full load ( ) Silence ( ) ( )
( 2) Write the corresponding Chinese characters according to pinyin.
shòu ( ) hunt cuàn ( ) seize rǎo ( ) chaos is better than chóu ( )
gōu ( ) fire zhōng ( ) Si xī ( ) sū ( ) sound wō jù ( ) ( )
(3) Please replace the text expressions in the horizontal lines with idioms (or words).
① People with sensitive ears can hear the grasshoppers whispering to themselves in the green leaves around the place where the weakest of the animals are eaten by the strong. ( )
②Things that appear to be large but actually fragile often become the targets of green grasshopper attacks. ( )
③The cicada was so frightened and frightened that it didn’t know what to do and flew away. ( )
④They are particularly interested in eating this dish. ( )
Clearly: (1) xiāo jié mì kù shǔn fēn zài yīn yǎ
(2) Hunting and harassing the bonfire, weta rustling lettuce
( 3) The weak and the strong eat the giant, panic and relish
2. Listen to the reading, draw the sentences or paragraphs that you think are the most exciting in the text, and briefly analyze them.
Tips: Although this article is a popular science article introducing grasshoppers, it is not mechanical or rigid at all. It is not as plain as ordinary explanatory texts, but flexible, lively and eclectic. There are both depictions of insect images and expressions of personal emotions. The author is full of love for the insect grasshopper, and his language is vivid and touching.
Examples of wonderful sentences:
(1) "Green Grasshopper, if you play the piano louder, you will be a better singer than the cicada." ." Use personification to write about Grasshopper, showing a strong and passionate love.
(2) "This insect is very beautiful, with a green body and two pale white ribbons on the sides. It has a graceful figure, slender and well-proportioned, and two large wings as light as yarn." The beautiful language depicts the grasshopper. Grasshopper looks cute.
(3) "As for food, I encountered the same troubles when feeding katydids." The word "trouble" shows the author's attitude towards caring for katydids and not being afraid of trouble. It has obvious emotional color, is kind and natural, and is full of literary style.
(4) "I use cicadas to feed them. They eat this dish with gusto."
"It scratches the soles of its feet with the tip of its beak and uses its claws stained with saliva. Wipe your face and eyes, then digest the food with your eyes closed or lying on the sand." The language is vivid and expressive.
3. Read the full text quickly, filter out key information, and understand the text content.
Speed ??reading method: It is a reading method that quickly absorbs effective information from text.
It requires: (1) Eliminating the rough and selecting the essential, (2) Scan and jump reading
(3) Concentrated thinking, (4) Eye-to-brain imaging
Teacher introduction : Speed ??reading can be done at a glance, but it does not mean skimming over the page. It requires quickly grasping the main information, and at least knowing what is written in the article. What kind of content do you often write about in articles introducing the activities of insects or animals like "The Green Grasshopper"?
Display: Content: (1) Morphological characteristics (2) Habits-----eating, living, traveling, singing, labor, marriage and love, reproduction, death, etc.
(3 ) types and distribution, etc.
Characteristics: Generally, a paragraph has a center, which often appears in the form of a central sentence. Paragraphs without a central sentence often have a central word.
Thinking: (1) What are the characteristics of the green grasshopper’s appearance? What are the habits of green grasshoppers? Which aspect of habits does the author mainly write about?
(2) The author constantly changes the names for green grasshoppers, find out these names, and talk about what names the author uses under what circumstances, and what effect this writing has.
Students answered, and the teacher made it clear:
(1) Appearance characteristics: "This insect is very beautiful, with a green body and two pale white ribbons on the side. It has a graceful body, slender and well-proportioned. The two large wings are as light as yarn."
The author writes about the grasshopper's cry and feeding habits. Mainly written about food habits. From paragraph 4 to the end, this is the main body of the article, of which paragraphs 8, 9, and 10 are supplementary explanations of the feeding habits of grasshoppers. Paragraph 11 is about the grasshoppers living together in harmony with each other and never quarreling.
(2) The author’s names for the grasshopper include: fanatical hunter, prisoner in my cage, cicada’s butcher, etc. When the grasshopper kills the cicada, the author uses the word "fanatic hunter"; when the grasshopper becomes the object of the author's observation and experiment in the cage, the author uses the word "prisoner in the cage"; when the grasshopper eats the cicada meat, the author calls it "The Butcher of Cicada". The author constantly changes his titles to make the writing more vivid, the description more vivid, and the description more vivid, giving people a deeper impression.
4. Collaborative discussion:
(1) What method did the author use to attract the grasshopper?
(2) How does the author know what foods grasshoppers like to eat?
(3) Personification is used in many places in the article. Try to explain the advantages of writing in this way with specific examples.
(4) Study paragraph 9 of the text and summarize what life habits of the grasshopper this paragraph explains, indicating that the grasshopper is a __________ (A. Carnivorous B. Herbivorous C. Omnivorous) insect.
(5) "Cannibalism also exists in grasshoppers. It is true that in my cage, I have never seen the brutal behavior of killing sisters and devouring husbands like the mantis, but if If a Grasshopper dies, the living ones will not miss the opportunity to taste its corpse, just like ordinary prey." What explanation method is used in this paragraph, and what are its benefits?
(6) The entry about grasshopper in "Cihai" is as follows: Grasshopper, insect.
A species of katydid. The wings are short and the abdomen is large. The base of the male's forewing can be rubbed to produce sounds. It eats the young leaves and flowers of plants and harms crops. Also called "brother". Compare this passage with the text, and use concise language to summarize the writing characteristics of this article.
Students answered, and the teacher pointed out:
(1) The first paragraph of the text does not write about grasshoppers. It says that on the days when others are celebrating the National Day, I have not forgotten to observe insects. . "I am alone" illustrates the author's persistence in the cause he loves. In the second paragraph, it is written that the cicada no longer chirps at night and is about to rest. Suddenly, the cicada's wail led to the "protagonist" of this article - the Grasshopper. What an ingenious writing idea!
(2) The author knows through experiments and observations that grasshoppers like to eat cicadas’ bellies. In the early morning, the author saw a scene while taking a walk, which revealed the mystery of the grasshopper's food - catching cicadas for food. By changing the pattern of food, the secret of why the grasshopper eats the cicada's belly first is revealed, because the belly contains both meat and sweets. This reflects the author's rigorous scientific attitude.
(3) "Whispering to oneself", "eating with gusto", "loving sweets" and "accepting them without hesitation" are personifications. This kind of writing is friendly, natural and vivid.
(4) The ninth paragraph of the text explains the eating habits of the grasshopper. Choose C, they are omnivorous insects.
(5) The passage uses the comparative method of explanation, writing that grasshoppers cannibalize themselves, and comparing them with praying mantises. Writing in this way can not only enable readers to understand the habits of other insects, but also highlight the habits of the grasshopper.
(6) The explanation in this article is different from the general expository text. It is obviously emotional, friendly and natural, full of literary style, interesting and lively.
Teachers and students *** jointly summarized the writing characteristics of this article:
(1) Literary style. This article contains both an image description of insects and an expression of personal feelings.
(2) Vivid and expressive language. The author is full of love for grasshoppers, and his language is vivid and touching.
(3) The use of anthropomorphic techniques. This makes the article natural, friendly and enhances readability.
(4) Write about grasshopper through comparison. For example, when writing about the call of a katydid, compare it with the call of a cicada; when writing about its preference for eating meat, compare it to a katydid; when writing about it chasing a cicada, compare it to an eagle; when writing about its similarity to similar species When eating, compare it to a praying mantis.
These comparisons not only highlight the habits of the grasshopper, but also show that the author is well aware of the habits of various insects.
4. Class Summary
When talking about "Insects", Zhou Zuoren said: "It is more interesting and meaningful than watching those boring novels and dramas." Indeed, it is true. The grasshoppers written by Boole are vivid, and the author's respect and love for life are permeated between the lines. The singing of the grasshopper adds a series of beautiful notes to nature, while Fabre adds a rich fruit of wisdom to the human spiritual tree with his wise philosophy and truth-seeking exploration. While we enjoy it, let the gratitude in our hearts serve as praise for the "Virgil of the Insect World".
5. Assignment
Insects are friends of mankind. Ask students to choose an insect they like and use a paragraph to describe its appearance.
The group recommends representatives to communicate in the class, and teachers and students collectively comment.
●Blackboard design
Green Grasshopper
1. Observe insects during National Day. ——Respect and love for life
2. The cicada's trumpet attracts the grasshopper.
3. Introducing the sounds of the Grasshopper. The spirit of exploration and innovation in science
4-10. Grasshopper food habits.
11. Live in harmony and never quarrel. Anthropomorphic techniques, friendly and vivid
●Lesson preparation materials
1. Text addendum
1. Regarding Fabre and "Insects":
"This great scientist thinks like a philosopher, sees like an artist, and feels and expresses like a writer."
— —French dramatist Rostand
“Such a work is unprecedented in the world. No entomologist has such a superb talent for literary expression, and no writer has such a profound knowledge of insects. Academic attainments; besides, it was an era of literature by Hugo, Balzac, and Zola that excited the public, and an era of biology by Lamarck, Darwin, and Weismann."
——Wang Guang's "The Spirit of Fabre"
3. Recommendation of reading knowledge
About the suspense reading method
Commonly used in reading theoretical works and classics book. This method is different from the general reading order. It does not follow the order in the book and accept the ready-made conclusions in the book. Instead, it uses the topic raised in the book to actively use your brain to speculate on the views in the book, and then compare it with the book. Compare it with the conclusions in the article to check whether your own opinions are appropriate and whether there are any merits. Through such suspension tests, you can strengthen your impression of the theories discussed in the book, understand the author's thinking, understand the shortcomings of your own thinking, and deepen your understanding of the book knowledge.
The famous Japanese writer Kobayashi Takiji often adopted this method to read Marxist-Leninist classics and received unique results