Yue Fei, a senior general, holds several posts. He is not only "Deputy Commander of SHEN WOO", but also "Commander of Jinghu East Road" and "Tanzhou Magistrate". He is in charge of military defense and some civil affairs in nearly two provinces, and his power and treatment are very high. As the saying goes, one person is blessed and one person has a house. Yue Fei's status is high, and his family has basically got rid of farming life. They don't need to farm more than 2300 mu of land, so Yue Fei rents most of the land to tenant farmers and collects tens of thousands of rent every year. According to the custom of the Song Dynasty, "a family takes land as its name and is limited to 1,000 mu". If a family can own 1000 mu of land, it is already a great "potential family" Yue Fei's family only rents 1000 mu of land, so it's no exaggeration to call him a big landlord.
Talking about "big landlords" now is often derogatory. It seems that they all like to plunder and exploit, and they are as rich and heartless as Huang Shiren. Actually, it is not. Take the landlord Yue Fei as an example. His property is clean, partly from his generous salary and partly from his business operation.
Let's talk about salary first. In the Song Dynasty, the higher the rank of an official, the higher the salary. In the early years of Southern Song Dynasty, the imperial court had to resist the attack of nomadic people and deal with peasant riots. In order to ensure that the generals would not rebel, the generals were given higher treatment. In addition to the basic salary of 200 yuan every month, Yue Fei has extra money, such as envoy money, firewood money, meals, monthly payment and land occupation. At that time, the price of rice in Jiangnan was 3 stone. According to the calculation of 50 Jin of rice per stone in Song Dynasty, the consistent purchasing power is at least equivalent to that of 80 yuan now, and Yue Fei's monthly salary plus welfare is more than 6,000 yuan, equivalent to about 480,000 yuan!
Let's talk business. In Shaoxing for ten years, Yue Fei "built thirty-eight rooms in the center of Jiujiang, charging 430 yuan a day for rent". "Gallery" refers to shops facing the street, and "rent money" means rent. In other words, Yue Fei has developed 38 shops and rented them out by him, with an average daily rental income of 1430p.
As mentioned earlier, Yue Fei owns more than 2,000 mu of cultivated land, and rents most of it to tenant farmers for farming, charging tens of thousands of buckets of rent every year. This is actually a management method, and it is the most commonly used management method by ancient literati in China. As we all know, ancient China was a typical agricultural society. People, rich or poor, have strong feelings for the land. Most people in most dynasties regard farming as people-oriented, and regard cultivated land as an investment with the least risk and the greatest benefit. It can be said that from the Warring States to the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, and even to the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, after making a fortune, officials usually go back to their hometowns to buy fields, hoping to support themselves and their children and grandchildren by renting rice for a long time, and then live a carefree life. So are businessmen, including businessmen. After successful business, most businessmen do not try to expand their business scale, but invest their money in buying officials and fields.
However, in the Song Dynasty, the situation changed. Some flexible officials, gentry and wealthy businessmen are more willing to invest their money in the real estate industry and get more returns by developing shops and renting them out. Cai Xiang, the minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, once said, "People who used to do business did not avoid doing it. Today, many kings buy property and markets and get their capital every day. " In other words, in the past, dignitaries didn't want to do business. Even if I do business occasionally, I am afraid of jokes, and I do it secretly. Now even the princes are engaged in real estate and collect rent every day to live. It can be seen that Yuefei's development of shops is not a case. He didn't lead the real estate development trend of Song Dynasty ministers, but just followed suit. The reason why Song people are willing to use real estate development as a new investment method to replace the traditional investment method of buying land and rent is mainly because the times have changed, the commodity economy is more developed than any previous dynasty, and the population of big cities is denser than any previous dynasty, so that housing is in short supply, shops are in short supply, and the return on real estate investment far exceeds other investments. High profits shattered the backward concept.
When Yue Fei developed shops in Jiujiang, it was also the hottest period of the real estate market in the Song Dynasty. At that time, the Northern Song Dynasty had just perished, and a large number of refugees fled from the hinterland of the Central Plains to the south of the Yangtze River and settled in Nanjing, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Wuhan, Changsha and other places, which led to a sudden outbreak of population and hot money in these cities and an abnormal prosperity in a short time. The vast number of new immigrants are in urgent need of housing, and local businessmen are also in urgent need of expanding their business areas. As a result, "a rich family has a huge room with a porch", "all the teachers stand in front of the army", housing shops have mushroomed, and real estate development broke out. Yue Fei caught up with the good times in enterprise management, but unfortunately failed to catch up with the good times in politics.