Xie Bingying (1September 5, 906 -65438+20001October 5), formerly known as Xie Minggang, was born in Duoshan Town, Xinhua County, Hunan Province, and began to publish his works in 192 1 year. Among the women writers who rose during the May 4th Movement, such as Su and Feng, she was a little sister. Among these writers, her life and creative path are the most magnificent and bumpy, and she is also closely linked with China's fate. She is the first female soldier in the modern history of China and the first female soldier writer in the history of China. I studied at Waseda University, the first private college in Japan.
Xie Bingying has experienced three relationships in his life, which is a bumpy road. Nevertheless, she created a lot of literary works. According to incomplete statistics, Xie Bingying published more than 80 novels, essays, travel notes, letters and other works in his life, with nearly 400 books and more than 20 million words. The representative work is Autobiography of Female Soldiers, which has been translated into English, Japanese and other languages 10. Among them, "Little Bridge and Flowing Water Family" was selected as the eighth lesson of Chinese in the experimental textbook of People's Education Publishing House (20 13).
Chinese name: Xie Bingying.
Alias: Xie Minggang
Nationality: China.
Place of Birth: Xinhua County, Hunan Province
Date of birth: 1906.9.5
Date of death: 2000. 1.5
Occupation: writer
Masterpiece: Autobiography of Female Soldiers
Live from childhood
Childhood story
She spent her golden childhood in her hometown of Lengshuijiang Mountain, and Xie Bingying was the first to study in Longtan Academy. Before going to school, there were more than 40 boys here, all surnamed Xie. His father's surname is Su, and because his grandfather's surname is Xie, he is Mr.' s cousin. He lives next to Guan Xue and is very rich. Because of my grandfather's face, Mr Guan Xue accepted my father as a foreign disciple. The school building does not accept girls. Because of Xiao Bingying's insistence, Mr. Schoolhouse had to make an exception. Since then, these two special students have started their one-year classmate career.
Xie Bingying/kloc-started school at the age of 0/0. She is handsome, neatly dressed and looks like a good family. Xiao Bingying and the boys sit separately. At that time, the school was teaching, which was completely different from modern times. The teacher was named "student". The students stood in front of the teacher's desk with books, and the teacher pointed to the textbook for punctuation and explanation. Then, the students returned to their seats and read the text aloud. When you are ripe, stand at the teacher's desk with a book and recite it. She seldom reads aloud, but she can recite it after reading it silently twice. When Xiao Bingying is free, she quietly listens to her husband's book ordering and classmates' endorsement, and even writes down classmates' homework.
Mr. Wang is highly nearsighted, with his nose stuck to the book and a loud voice. When he is in a hurry, he is still a little knotted. He spat from time to time and didn't pay attention to his clothes, but he was very kind to Xiao Bingying. He is usually called "Feng Bao" and "Feng Ming" (Bing Ying's nickname). The boy fouled, so he scolded him severely and slapped him. But I only played Xiao Bingying once, and it was gentle. On that day, the bell rang, and the noisy little Bing Ying leaned against the door, held one leg high and stepped on the threshold, asking the male students to drill through. Most of them refused to drill, but when Mr. Wang saw it, it was really hot. "Unreasonable, unreasonable, unreasonable little girl." When he arrived at the classroom, Mr. Wang frowned and sternly reprimanded Xiao Bingying: "Do you admit your mistake? Do you repent? " Xiao Bingying stood still and made no answer. "Do you admit your mistake?" Mr. Wang's voice is getting louder and louder every time, which is simply yelling. Xiao Bingying suddenly walked up to Mr. Wang and held out his little hand and said, "Sir, do you want to make a phone call?" Mr. Wang sighed and slapped a board. Later, he didn't shoot the second board. This is Mr. Bing Ying's severest punishment.
learn from others'experience
I studied four books and five classics with my father when I was a child. After that, I studied in Hunan No.1 Girls' School (also known as Hunan No.1 Girls' Normal School) and joined the army before graduation.
/kloc-in the winter of 0/926, he was admitted to Wuhan Central Military and Political School (Whampoa Military Academy Wuhan Branch). After short-term training, he went to the front line of the Northern Expedition to fight the enemy.
Xie Bingying's diary of joining the army was written in the battlefield and published in the supplement of Central Daily News.
1927 the women's regiment of the military and political school was dissolved and studied at Shanghai University of Arts and Beiping Women's Normal University successively. After graduating from Beijing Women's Normal University, Xie Bingying used several books as academic funds to study in Japan (193 1 year).
He was arrested by Japanese spies for refusing to welcome the puppet "Manchukuo" emperor Puyi to visit Japan. In prison, Xie Bingying did not hesitate to expose the Japanese aggression against China face to face, and was severely devastated by extremely cruel brain punishment, finger punishment and electrocution. After being sent back to China, Xie Bingying changed her name and surname to study in Japan for the second time (1935) and studied at Waseda University.
Join the revolution
In the July 7th Incident, Xie Bingying returned to China in anger to save the motherland from peril, and organized a "Women's Service Corps in the Battlefield" to go to the front. Rescued a large number of wounded people on the line of fire and did a lot of propaganda and agitation. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, Hunan Women's Field Service Corps was organized to go to the front to participate in the field work and write a diary of the Anti-Japanese War.
In the late period of the Anti-Japanese War, he also edited the magazine in Chongqing. He used to be a professor at Beiping Women's Normal University and North China College of Literature.
From 65438 to 0948, he went to Taiwan Province Province and became a professor at Taiwan Provincial Teachers College (later changed to Normal University).
197 1 year, retired due to fracture of right leg. I once lived in San Francisco, USA.
Personal life
First marriage
1926, the northern expeditionary army entered Wuchang, founded a military and political school, and set up an enrollment office near jane doe Teachers College in Changsha, Hunan Province, where both men and women can enroll. At that time, it was extremely rare for military schools to recruit girls. The girls are afraid to go. However, Xie Bingying resolutely signed up. With the strong support of President Xu Teli and his second brother Xie, Xie Bingying came to Wuchang, officially used the name "Xie Bingying" for the first time, entered the Women's Department of the Central Military College of Yuhu Academy, resolutely took off his beloved red suit and put on a gray military uniform, and began a strange and tense military career.
After the failure of the Northern Expedition, the military academy was dissolved, and so was the women's team. Xie Bingying's fiance Xiaoming often comes to his mother's house to inquire about his fiancee. Finally, I saw my daughter come back to me safely. My mother was sad and happy, touching her tearful daughter and saying, "Son, for your safety, your husband and I are praying for you day and night! Finally, the Bodhisattva appeared, bless you safe and sound, and returned to your mother. From now on, you can never go out again! In a few days, you will marry Xiao Ming! If you have a home and a master, you will naturally not go out.
Mother didn't know that Xie Bingying had someone else in her heart, so the mother and daughter had an argument, but in the end, Xie Bingying did not resist her mother and chose to get married. It's noisy outside the bridal chamber. Xie Bingying wants to take advantage of the commotion outside, lift the veil, put on red, and escape in the chaos. However, in order to be afraid that my mother would be too sad, and to give the little one a little face, I tried not to lift the veil and sat by the bed waiting for the arrival of the groom. The door was gently pushed open, and the groom walked into the bridal chamber with his head down, but he dared not reach out and lift the veil of brilliant red in front of him. At this moment, Xie Bingying himself suddenly lifted the veil and sincerely said to the groom standing in front of him word by word: "Xiaoming, now it is not the Manchu dynasty, but the newly established Republic of China. We are all young people in this new era, and we must never be slaves to arranged marriages again. You and I seldom associate with each other and have no feelings for each other. If we are unwilling to join together, we will never be happy. Numerous facts have proved that a twisted melon is not sweet. You and I can be friends and be good friends, but we can never be husband and wife. "
In this way, Xie Bingying and Xiao Ming talked happily for three days and three nights. Xiao Ming listened quietly and said nothing. After listening for a long time, he was really sleepy and had to sleep alone. Xie Bingying not only has to deal with the invisible pressure from all sides, but also tries every means to convince her fiance Xiaoming to make him more sleepy. But Xie Bingying didn't dare to sleep. He sat at his desk with his clothes on, gritted his teeth, and was so sleepy that he took out his pen and wrote a diary by the fire. So the two men stood face to face.
Xiao Ming, persuaded out of turn by Xie Bingying, finally realized that Xie Bingying was determined and didn't want to be his wife. He also obviously felt that he really didn't deserve to be such a talented woman's husband. Then, with a sigh, he said, "Ming Gang, you go!"
first love
During the Northern Expedition, Xie Bingying's military school classmates belonged to an independent regiment led by Ye Ting, while Xie Bingying was in the propaganda team, and the symbols were incorporated into the secret service company. They often publish poems and novels in the supplement of Central Daily edited by Sun Fuyuan and the supplement of Republic of China Daily edited by Mao Dun, so they become close "literary friends".
They are often together in marching battles. Symbols often carry backpacks and guns for tired Xie Bingying, and gradually, they become inseparable lovers. Xie Bingying gave his favorite pen to the symbol, and the symbol hung the military medal he bought with his life affectionately on Xie Bingying's chest. After running away from home, Xie Bingying finally found the symbol of "Prince Charming" that he missed day and night. They got married happily in Wuchang. Xie Bingying's first child is about to be born, but at this time, the family is too poor to open the pot, and the young father borrows from the east and the west, barely paying the expensive hospitalization expenses of the hospital. The new daughter brought infinite joy to the young couple. They gave their daughter a military name-"Little Soldier". But the fate of "Little Soldier" is very difficult. Because of lack of nutrition, the mother is skinny, and there is no milk to feed her daughter, and milk powder can't be bought. So "little soldier" became a real "little soldier"-hungry and crying all day. Listening to his daughter's hungry "horn", the young father couldn't bear it, and ran from Beiping to Tianjin North Bookstore to find a job to support his family. Unexpectedly, he was caught as soon as he entered the bookstore. It turns out that the Northern Bookstore was an underground organization established by Tianjin Zhonggong * *, which has been sealed up by the enemy. Symbol was put in Tianjin Third Prison.
"It rains all night", and the life of Xie Bingying's mother and daughter is in a greater predicament. Xie Bingying visited Tianjin with her scrawny and crybaby daughter. Xie Bingying burst into tears when she saw her husband with a sparse beard. Symbol knows that his case is serious, it is difficult to get out of prison in a short time, and he is even in danger of being beheaded. So he said sadly to Xie Bingying, "Bin, we are revolutionary partners, and there are no conditions for marriage. We can't live together What kind of lifestyle do you want to adopt? You are free. Including how to settle and raise the' small soldier', I unconditionally support and agree with your arrangement. " Xie Bingying said to the symbol through the railing with tears in his eyes, "No, I'm going back to Wuhan to raise children and support my old mother. I will wait for you all my life. " The symbol was moved to tears, holding Xie Bingying's hand and saying, "Bin, I hope we can all wait until this day." Xie Bingying was afraid that her mother would force her to marry someone else, or be locked in the house again. She was afraid to go back to her hometown in Hunan, so she had to go to Shanghai quietly. Xie Bingying began to wander like fallen leaves in Shanghai, and the figure of "Little Soldier" always appeared in front of him. Symbol covered in scars, thin body, has always appeared in Xie Bingying's dream. After being tortured in Tianjin prison for five years, Xie Bingying finally returned to Wuhan to reunite with his mother and "Little Soldier". Symbol didn't see Xie Bingying who missed him day and night, and his mood was very heavy. He has only one belief: Wait, wait for Xie Bingying to come back. But year after year, year after year, there has been no news from Xie Bingying. He has been waiting for eight years. "Little soldier" 13 years old, still no news from Xie Bingying. Later, I heard that Xie Bingying had married another woman because he misrepresented that he had been killed, and he also silently married another woman. Xie Bingying tearfully urged the Trumpeter to follow Xie Bingying, but the Trumpeter just shook his head. Finally, Xie Bingying had to take a photo with the "Little Soldier". Then he left the "small soldier" who missed him day and night in pain and helplessness.
The "trumpet soldier" is beautiful and smart, and his writing is as good as his mother's. After Xie Bingying left, the trumpeter followed her instructions and often went to Mr. Liu Yazi's house to show his works to Grandpa Liu. Mr. Liu Yazi likes the trumpeter very much and regards the trumpeter as his little granddaughter. He also gave the trumpeter a seven-law. The first two sentences of the Seven Laws are: "The poor demon is thirteen years younger, and the little phoenix is brighter than the old one." The symbol of the trumpeter's father was published in Daqian magazine in Guilin. Xie Bingying, tears came down. After liberation, "Xiaobing" taught at Beijing Central Academy of Drama. Like his mother Xie Bingying, he keeps a diary every day. 1966, the storm of the "Cultural Revolution" swept the land of China. "Xiaobing" was killed by the rebels because his biological mother Xie Bingying was overseas, and the precious diary of "Xiaobing"1600,000 words was also set on fire. Xie Bingying was heartbroken when he learned the news in the United States. Xie Bingying with trembling hands holding a photo with Guilin "trumpeter", can't eat or drink.
Xie Bingying said sincerely, "The past is like smoke. All the warmth between me and the symbol has passed. We loved each other then. It is history and fate that separate us.
life partner
In the anti-Japanese bonfire, Xie Bingying and Jia became one. Jia, a graduate of yenching university in Beiping, a native of Fujian, wears a pair of thick glasses and is a typical intellectual. Their marriage couldn't be simpler. Due to financial constraints, the wedding did not take place at all. They packed up and got married. At that time, some people in the society personally attacked Xie Bingying, saying that Xie Bingying was "too romantic". Xie Bingying calmly said to Jia, "Old Jia, do people scold me?" Jia Yizhen replied: "I know, you are not that kind of person at all!" " "
In the difficult and bumpy life course, they really fulfilled their vows and lived intimately for 5 1 year. After they get married, Jia usually cooks because he is a good cook. He kindly said to Xie Bingying, "You be your idle wife and I'll cook." When his friend came home, he smiled and struggled to be a cook, and asked Xie Bingying to accompany him.
Xie Bingying and Jia have such different personalities. Xie Bingying is a typical "spice girl" in Hunan, lively and straightforward, quick to speak, and treats people like fire; Jia is just the opposite of Xie Bingying. He speaks slowly, is careful and understates things, and treats his mother-in-law as well. He loves his wife Xie Bingying more than himself. It was cold, so he was busy sending sweaters to Xie Bingying for fear that Xie Bingying would freeze. Come out, busy to bring Xie Bingying rice, afraid of Xie Bingying hungry. Xie Bingying, who is grumpy, can't accept Jia's "unusual" love, and some minor contradictions often occur. But after the quarrel, Jia immediately "bowed his head and admitted his mistake", and the two made up again.
Xie Bingying retired from Taiwan Provincial Teachers College and settled in San Francisco with Jia. Xie Bingying and Jia Sheng have two men and one woman, both of whom work in the United States. Jia, the eldest son, received a doctorate in economics with honors. The second son, Jia Wenxiang, worked hard and became a famous chemical engineer. The youngest daughter Jia can sing and dance. She became a doctor of music and taught in a university.
In this warm family living in Shengtian Mansion apartment, Xie Bingying and Jia love each other and spend their old age together, but occasionally they quarrel like children. After Jia died, Xie Bingying still put his books on his desk and on the bed beside his bed. It seems that Jia is still studying there, resting there and waiting for Jia's return. Until Xie Bingying quietly left this world and came to Jia's side, the two beds were still close together.
spend one's remaining years in comfort
Xie Bingying spent his old age in San Francisco, Xie Bingying made up his mind to go back to China to visit relatives, and the famous literati returned to the mainland, which caused great panic among the authorities in Taiwan Province Province. Bing Ying had to give up her plan to visit her relatives in China. On June 5, 2000, just as the bell of the new millennium was ringing, Ms. Xie Bingying, a well-known female soldier in the literary world, died suddenly in San Francisco, USA, at the age of 93.
Xie Bingying's death is another veteran's departure after Bing Xin, Xiao Gan and Su. Bing Ying left her hometown from 1947 and never set foot on the stone road to her hometown again. According to Xie Bingying's will, "If I die in the United States, I will be cremated, and then my ashes will be scattered under the Golden Gate Bridge, so that the Pacific Ocean can float me back." Xie Bingying's ashes will be scattered into rivers and seas, thus fulfilling Xie Bingying's dream of returning home.
Personal former residence
Xie Bingying's former residence is located in Longtan Village, Duoshan Town, Lengshuijiang City, Loudi, Hunan Province. It is divided into two parts: the new "Shou Yuan" and the old "Flower Burning Hall". "Shou Yuan" was Xie Bingying's residence before he escaped from marriage for four times, and "Huazhuotang" was his birthplace. The former residence building has the folk characteristics of central Hunan. In 2008, with the efforts of Loudi Overseas Chinese Federation and Lengshuijiang Overseas Chinese Federation, Xie Bingying's former residence was declared as a key overseas Chinese cultural heritage.
Loudi is rich in overseas Chinese cultural heritage, including Zeng Guofan's former residence, Chen Tianhua's former residence and Yang Xiaoyan's former residence. Loudi Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese said that it would take this award as an opportunity to conduct a large-scale investigation on cultural relics related to overseas Chinese, and declare and protect the cultural heritage related to overseas Chinese according to laws and regulations.
Hao Chen, deputy of Hunan Provincial People's Congress and chairman of Hunan Beautiful Legend Health Industry Company, suggested that Xie Bingying be called "the spiritual light of China women" and "the spiritual representative of Hunan people". Her works have far-reaching influence in Taiwan Province Province, Malaysia and the United States, with international fame and influence. Xie Bingying's former residence in Lengshuijiang City has now entered the seventh list of candidates for "national security" units in the State Council. This is an important overseas Chinese and Taiwan-related cultural tourism resource in Hunan Province. We should cherish this resource, raise funds through multiple channels, protect and build Xie Bingying's former residence, and build "Xie Bingying's former residence cultural park".
personal work
Personality assessment
Because of historical reasons, many of her works are not in line with the trend, so it is really a pity that many of her works are difficult to meet mainland readers.
Xie Bingying is a prolific writer with great achievements. Just like an industrious farmer, Xie Bingying's sweat has borne fruitful fruits in the golden autumn. In her later years, although Xie Bingying suffered from senile diseases such as poor eyesight, poor hearing, poor memory and toothache, Xie Bingying still studied and wrote tirelessly, so she was called a "young female soldier". Xie Bingying said, "I just want to be an ordinary and insignificant person, and I just want to devote my whole heart to literature. The tears of readers are my harvest! The sympathy of readers is my property-my priceless treasure! " The phrase "writing is like a man" does not apply to all writers, but it is a perfect description of Xie Bingying. Xie Bingying's writing style is as passionate as his people's.
Xie Bingying himself said in Ordinary Half-Life: "I think this sentence is probably right. I only have three things' straight',' true' and' sincere', and so do writing articles. " Some people say, "Xie Bingying's prose is neither artificial nor deliberate." . Everything is so natural, as if leaves grow on branches; Everything is so simple that it is difficult for you to find particularly gorgeous words; Everything is so open, clear and lovely that you can see it at a glance! If Bing Xin's prose is good at softness, then Bing Ying only wins with softness. Fresh and smooth, lively and moving, without childlike innocence. "(Preface to Selected Works of Xie Bingying)
Xie Bingying's novels are a bit prosaic, and some people say that this is a problem of "loose structure". Xie Bingying's novels are based on "most true stories found in many typical characters". When writing, he "always regards the characters in the book as himself, often writes about unfortunate experiences, and tears unconsciously flow down". A high degree of truth, strong emotional color and delicate description constitute the touching power of Xie Bingying's novels and make up for the "loose" structure.
Xie Bingying once said: "Every time, there are works of every time, and the materials and ideas of works of every time must be different from those of other times. Although writing depends on talent, it is also indispensable to work hard the day after tomorrow. I think young writers should read more books, of course, no matter which writer should read more. I hope young people don't blindly resist tradition. Art has no distinction between old and new, only good and bad. Unlike science, it changes with each passing day. There are many ways of literature, and it is best not to divide old writers and new writers. " These words are quite beneficial to young writers. The whip of fate in Xie Bingying's former residence always drives Xie Bingying to wander around in the storm of life. But Xie Bingying is a strong man in life. In the face of poverty, the bullets of war and the enemy, Xie Bingying did not fall or give in. How many roads Xie Bingying walked, how many squares he climbed and how many articles he wrote. Wherever you go, where you write. Xie Bingying's works are Xie Bingying himself-Xie Bingying's flesh and blood, Xie Bingying's personality, Xie Bingying's spirit and Xie Bingying's brilliance. Suffering is the whetstone of wisdom. It is suffering that makes Xie Bingying grow into a "female soldier". Xie Bingying recalled that after the publication of "Diary of Joining the Army", "I unconsciously embarked on this road of writing with happiness and pain. I seem to have had a dream. I will never admit that I have a gift for writing. I am the stupidest person in the world and the simplest person. I was born to lead an honest and clean life. I don't seek fame and fortune. I don't struggle with the world and I can bear hardships. If you ask me what I have, it is that I can bear hardships. Refuse to bow to reality, have the courage to get up after falling, and do it again after failing. I think this is a good inheritance from my parents and the influence of my training in the military school. If I hadn't participated in the Northern Expedition, I wouldn't have known that the society was so complicated, the people were so miserable, the revolution was so important, and the loyal people and enthusiastic young men and women were so lovely. This is really a long dream. After the publication of the diary of joining the army, I still didn't wake up in the dream of writing. I really want to put down my pen and never do grid filling again, but my friends will not spare me. They want to force me to write, and the readers won't let me rest. So, I have to keep writing. " Xie Bingying has been out of touch with readers in his hometown for more than 50 years, but the waves in the strait know that the author and readers feel the same. The author is overseas, and God is in his hometown. Xie Bingying wrote many touching essays about homesickness. Xie Bingying wrote at the end of Dream of Returning Home: Is this a dream or a reality? Maybe it's a real dream, whether it's a dream or a reality, I'm willing to go back and throw myself in my hometown's arms forever, smelling the fragrance of the earth. Lovely hometown, I will always remember your picturesque scenery in four seasons!
Liu Yazi once wrote a poem for him: "The weak women in Xie Jia are better than the strange men, and it is a record to be chilling to join the army. Who changes the chess game in the world, when he is in mourning, his heart is full of Jiangnan ",and his stunts are good at red makeup, short pens and long guns, and literati martial arts are all taken. The talents in history are all mediocre people. They are Fu Liang. Old dreams break Hunan, but it is difficult to break wings; The Central Plains is still a battlefield! Women should be endowed with heaven, and Mo Wenman is sad. "
Mr. Lu Xun once wrote: "The sun is shining, and the morning of Guangping brings the sea. I received a letter this afternoon. In the afternoon, I got 3 15 yuan Xiaofeng Xinhe royalty (on the tide of art history). The waiter came, drinking coffee in the city and reading magazines in the magazine department of Neishan Bookstore. Rou Shi and his third brother came in the evening. Shi Quan's letter was sent on March 27th.
Bing Xin once said, "Xie Bingying and I are not sisters, but we are better than sisters." .