What is real poetry?

Poetry appreciation is an artistic aesthetic activity. Poetry appreciation should have the following knowledge: 1. How to taste poetry. People often call appreciating poetry "tasting poetry". The so-called "product", the first is to think carefully and aftertaste; The second is to concentrate on your feelings and enjoy activities in a quiet environment and a relatively stable mood; The third is to spread the wings of imagination and association, and find the image feelings corresponding to the poetic ideas from their own cultural knowledge and experience; The fourth is to deepen the grasp of poetry with necessary repetition. 2. read poetry into the artistic conception. Appreciation of poetry requires "reading". Poetry has rhythm, rhythm, and it is impossible to appreciate this aesthetic feeling carefully and deeply without reading it. Read the poem carefully over and over again, and the emotional impassioned and forceful tone and lively rhythm in the poem, or the lingering side of emotional appeal, the mumbling of words and the ups and downs of the beat will naturally blend together and make you moved by it. 3. Improve the appreciation interest. Of course, poetry appreciation, like other art appreciation activities, also has a question of taste, style and standard. On the one hand, we should strive to cultivate healthy appreciation interest and establish a higher appreciation standard, on the other hand, we should choose appropriate poems as appreciation objects. For poems with low taste and vulgar style, we should have the ability to analyze, eliminate and criticize. First, what is the word "poetry"? It is the abbreviation of the Book of Songs in the Four Books and the Five Classics (Poetry, Calligraphy, Ceremony, Yi, Spring and Autumn Period). The Book of Songs was originally called "Poetry" and was later regarded as a classic by Confucianism, so it was called "The Book of Songs". The Book of Songs is the first collection of poems in China. Poetry, originally sung with music, is also called "poetry", and later evolved into a literary genre without music. 1. Definition of poetry: < 1 > Ci Hai is the earliest literary genre. According to certain syllables, tones and rhythms, it expresses social life and people's spiritual world with concise language, abundant feelings and rich imagination. < 2 > Modern Chinese Dictionary: a literary genre that reflects life and expresses feelings through rhythmic language. 2. Interpretation of the definition of poetry (according to Modern Chinese Dictionary). 1. Rhythmic and rhythmic language. Old-style poetry has strict requirements in rhythm and prosody. In particular, modern poetry in the Tang Dynasty and ci poetry in the Song Dynasty have strict regulations on the number of words, the level of words, the antithesis, the use of allusions, rhyme and so on. ① Rhythm (or beat): refers to the priority and cadence of sound, mainly manifested in the intermittent pause of tone. △ Wang Wei's "Acacia": Red beans/born in the south, spring comes/sends a few branches. May you/gather more, this thing/is the most lovesick. △ Du Mu's Qingming: Qingming/season/rain, the road/pedestrians/want to break the soul. Excuse me/restaurant/where is it, shepherd boy/Yaozhi/Xinghua Village. Poetry can have no strict rhythm, but it must have a distinct rhythm. Guo Moruo said, "Poetry is not without rhythm." (2) Rhythm: refers to the flat pattern and rhyme rules in poetry. Ci Hai refers to the rhyme and rhythm in poetry. △ Pingping: There are four tones in ancient Chinese: Pingping, Upstroke, Going and Entering (now entering tone has disappeared in Putonghua). According to the four tones of modern Chinese (except suicide), it can be divided into level tone, rising tone, rising tone and falling tone. There are also entering tones in Beijing opera chanting: street. The characteristics of flat tone sound: flat tone: gentle and long; Silence: short and urgent. The use of flat words can make poetry have a strong sense of rhythm. When singing, the drawl can only be prolonged when it falls flat. For example, the "bright" in the lyrics "The Moon on the 15th" falls on the liang sound. △ Rhyme: refers to the same or similar vowels at the end of some sentences in poetry, making the tone harmonious and beautiful. Generally, the first sentence can be bet or not. There are several lines in the new poem that rhyme or not. Example: Wang Zhihuan's poem: △ "at heron lodge": mountains cover the white sun, and oceans drain the golden river. to ascend another storey to see a thousand miles further △ "Liangzhou Ci": The Yellow River is far above the white clouds, a lonely city of Wan Ren Mountain. Why use the sad willow song to complain about the spring delay, the old Yumen pass, a spring breeze is not blowing ah! (2) Reflect life ① Reflect working life: △ Ancient ballad: broken bamboo, continued bamboo. Fly the soil and eat the meat. △ "Book of Songs, Cutting Tan" Kankan cuts Tan, and the river is dry. The river is clear and rippling. No crops, no crops, no crops, no crops, no crops. If you don't hunt or hunt, is there a county in Hu Zhaner's court? He is a gentleman, and he is not a vegetarian! ② Reflect the new wedding of social stone-shack officials △ Du Fu's Three History △ Tongguan officials △ Three Farewells △ Du Fu's famous sentence △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ △ Du Fu's "Soldiers Heading East": "Che Tuo Tuo, Ma Xiaoxiao, each man of you has a bow and a quiver at his belt. My parents, my parents, my wife and children run to see them, and when they March, the dust clouds up the sky so that they can't see xian yangqiao. They run with you, crying, they tug at your sleeves, and the sound of their sorrow goes up to the clouds ... "△ The Book of Songs Shuo ③ Reflects Frontier Life△ Wang Changling's" Joining the Army ":(1) There is a dark snowy mountain in Changyun, Qinghai, and the lonely city overlooks Yumenguan. Yellow sand wears golden armor in vain, but it will not be returned until it breaks Loulan. (2) The desert is dusty, and the red flag is half rolled out of Yuanmen. The former army fought in Taohe River in the night, and reported that they had captured Gu Hun alive. △ Wang Changling's "Out of the fortress": The moon was closed in Qin and the people on the Long March were not returned. If the attack on the dragon city of Wei Qing and flying general Li guang are alive today, the Huns will not be allowed to go south to spend their horses in Yinshan. △ William Wang's "Liangzhou Ci": Glowing glass of grape wine, urge you to drink pipa immediately. Don't cry when you are drunk in the battlefield. The ancients fought for several times. ④ Reflect love life: △ Guanju △ Peacock flies southeast △ Li Ji's wang gui and li xiangxiang ⑤ Reflect landscape and countryside: △ Tao Yuanming's Return to the Garden: Planting beans at the foot of the south mountain, the grass is full of beans and seedlings are rare. In the morning, it's ridiculous, and Dai Yue hoes home. The narrow path covered with vegetation, and the night dew moistened my clothes. It is not a pity to wet my clothes, but I hope not to go against my will. △ Tao Yuanming's "Drinking build house in the Human Environment" middle sentence: "Mining Ju Dong Fen, leisurely see Nanshan. The mountains are getting better and better, and the birds are returning. " △ a Farm-house on the Wei River by Wang Wei: in the slant of the sun on the country-side, cattle and sheep trail home along the lane. And a rugged old man in a thatch door, wait for Jing Fei with a staff. There are whirring pheasants? full wheat-ears, silk-worms asleep, pared mulberry-leaves. And the farmers, returning with hoes on their shoulders, hail one another familiarly. No wonder I long for the simple life, and am sighing the old song, Oh, to go Back Again!. △ He Jingzhi's "Guilin Landscape Song" (3) Expressing feelings: belinsky: "Emotion is the most important driving factor of poetic nature; Without feelings, there is no poet and no poetry. " Poetry expresses feelings in many ways: joy, anger, sadness, joy, surprise, fear and thinking. Example: ① Happiness: Du Fu's both sides of the yellow river recaptured by the imperial army: Jibei was suddenly spread from the Great Wall to at first I cannot check the tears from pouring on my coat. Where is my wife and my son? Little sorrow on their face., yet crazily I pack my books and poems. And loud my song and deep my drink, on the green spring-day that starts me home. Back from this mountain, past another mountain, up from the south, north again-to my own town!. 2 Anger: Yue Fei's "Man Jiang Hong": Angry and rushing to the crown, resting on the fence and raining. Looking up, screaming at the sky, strong and fierce. Thirty fame, dust and earth, eight thousand miles of clouds and the moon. Don't wait to see the young man's head white, empty and sad. Jingkang shame, still not snow; When will the courtiers regret it? Driving a long car, the Helan Mountain is lacking. Hungry to eat pork, laughing and thirsty to drink Hun blood. Stay from the beginning, clean up the old mountains and rivers, and go to the sky. ③ Mourning: △ Li Qingzhao's "Slow Voice": searching, cold and clear, sad and miserable. When it's warm and cold, it's the hardest to stop breathing. Three cups and two lamps to talk about wine, how can you beat him? It's too late to be in a hurry! Yan Guo is sad, but it is an old acquaintance. △ Li Ying's Mourning in January: Dear Premier Zhou, I can't go to the hospital to see you, so I have to hold a cold newspaper and stand quietly in the twilight of Chang 'an Avenue. The wind of any month lifted my hair, and the dim street lamp shone with cold tears ... ④ The boudoir complained about the wife's thoughts: △ Li Qingzhao's "Point down the lips and think about the boudoir": "Lonely boudoir, an inch of sorrow. Cherish the spring to go, and let the flowers rain ... "△ Li Qingzhao's" Cut the plum, don't worry ":the red lotus root is fragrant and the jade is dying. Lightly untie Luo Shang and go to Lanzhou alone. Who sent the brocade book in the cloud? When the word geese returns, the moon is full of the West Building. Flowers drift and water flows. One kind of acacia, two places of leisure. There is nothing that can be done to eliminate this situation, only to frown, but to mind. △ Li Bai's Spring Thoughts: your grasses up north are as blue as jade, our mulberries here curve green-threaded branches. When you are nostalgic, you are heartbroken. Spring breeze ah, you and I do not know, why blow into the Luo Zhang, I am sad? △ Li Bai's Midnight Wu Ge: a slip of the moon hangs over the capital, ten thousand washing-mallets are pounding. The spring breeze never stops, for ever and ever toward the Jade Pass. When will the border war be pacified and my husband end the expedition. △ Jin Changxu's Spring Complaints (Tang): drive the orioles away, all their music from the trees. They wakened her when she dreamed, that she went to Liaoxi Camp to join him there. Second, the course of the development of poetry ↓1. Ancient songs ↓2. The Book of Songs: 35, 5 of which have no words, also known as "three hundred poems". China's first collection of poems, the "six arts" of the Book of Songs: wind (16 works of 15 national customs), elegance (15 works of imperial officials), ode (4 poems of sacrificial rites in temples), fu (Chen Qi affairs), comparison (analogy) and xing (first talk about other things, and then lead to the things sung). ↓3. Chu Ci: Qu Yuan, as the representative, inherited the tradition of "The Book of Songs" and created a new romantic poetic style. ↓4. Han Yuefu: "Yuefu" is the name of the music institution responsible for collecting folk songs. "Two Beauties of Yuefu": Mulan Poetry and Peacock Flying Southeast ↓5. Tang Poetry: the golden age of Chinese poetry, the three great poets ↓6. Song Poetry: the unconstrained school (Su Xin School) and the graceful school (Jiang Kui, Liu Yong, Li Qingzhao) ↓7. Yuan Song: including Sanqu and Zaju ↓8.