Because of the same interests, both of them finally came to Liu Bei's men. Guan Yu became the first general under Liu Bei, and Zhuge Liang became Liu Bei's strategist and the head of his civil servants. In this way, the lives of two people have crossed, and contradictions and sparks have arisen between the two sides for various reasons.
First, the conflict between Zhuge Liang and Guan Yu.
Guan Yu is a man with both civil and military skills. According to historical records, he is not only outstanding in martial arts, but also likes reading Spring and Autumn Annals. As an old subordinate who fought side by side with Liu Bei, he was as close as a brother and sister. In Liu Bei's camp, he is a veritable second child. Many times, Guan Yu was sent by Liu Bei as the commander-in-chief of independent operations.
Guan Yu was defeated in the battle of Xuzhou. In order to protect Liu Bei's family, he made three appointments in Tu Shan and temporarily surrendered to Cao Cao. In the battle of Guandu, Guan Yu beheaded Yan Liang, punished Wen Chou and solved the siege of the white horse. After repaying Cao Cao's kindness, Guan Yu protected Liu Bei's family, passed five customs, killed six generals, returned to Liu Bei's command, and continued to work for Liu Bei.
Such a general also has his shortcomings. What's he like in the history books? Pride and pride? ,? Kindness to soldiers, arrogance to literati? . Of course, in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, his performance in this respect is also described in many places. It is his deficiency in this respect that makes his relationship with subordinates very stiff when he is guarding Jingzhou.
So that when Soochow attacked Jingzhou, Ren and Mi Fang, his elite soldiers, surrendered first. This led to Guan Yu's efforts to build a solid city defense, which was occupied by Dongwu. On the other hand, Guan Yu was finally in a dilemma, defeated Maicheng, and was captured and killed by Wu Dong.
Zhuge Liang made a strategic plan for Liu Bei when he was invited out of the mountain by Liu Bei. Liu Bei praised Zhuge Liang's talent and decided to entrust him with a heavy responsibility. The knowledgeable Zhuge Liang is the representative of Jingzhou scholar-officials. From the above, we can see that Guan Yu is arrogant to the scholar-officials, and certainly will not be good to Zhuge Liang. So the friction between the two sides is inevitable.
This point is also mentioned in the history books, and it is also recorded in the "Three Kingdoms Zhuge Liang Chuan":
(Liu Bei) So he became very close to Liang Qing. Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and others. We are all unhappy. The first master explained: There is Kong Ming in solitude and water in fish. Don't repeat what the original gentlemen said. ? Feather, flying is the only way.
It can be seen that Guan Yu and Zhang Fei were not friendly to Zhuge Liang. But Zhuge Liang wants to do something under Liu Bei, and this atmosphere is definitely not conducive to his work. So, how does he solve this situation?
Second, where did Guan Yu's dissatisfaction with Zhuge Liang come from?
In fact, from the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, we can see the reasons for this dissatisfaction. Before Zhuge Liang, Liu Bei had a strategist, and this strategist was Xu Shu. Xu Shu met Liu Bei on the road and was appointed as a military adviser after talking with Liu Bei.
In the next war, Xu Shu expected the enemy to be like a god. First, he commanded Liu Bei to beat off the attacks of Lv Kuang and Lv Xiang, and then defeated Coss' Eight Jin Suozhen to outsmart Fancheng. Cao Cao suffered a crushing defeat and finally had to detain Xu Shu's mother and let Xu Shu leave Cao Cao.
We can see that when Xu Shu was a strategist, Liu Bei was obedient to him and didn't see any objection from Guan Yu. It is to obey Xu Shu's command in battle and often win. But why did Zhuge Liang become completely different here? There are two main reasons for this.
The first reason is that Guan Yu and Zhuge Liang have bad temper and are dissatisfied with him.
Guan Yu is also an all-rounder in civil and military affairs. He and Liu Bei have been together for a long time, and they are more or less contaminated with Liu Bei's literary atmosphere. However, after all, he is a soldier, likes to be straightforward, and hates the melodrama of those scribes.
Xu Shu was originally a martial artist. When he was a teenager, he liked fencing. He once took revenge and killed people. Later, I was saved by a friend, and then I dropped out of school to study. Although I have learned a skill, my nature has not changed. He came to Liu Bei's camp, and Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei were with him. Guan Yu, in particular, is also a man who killed the enemy and fled. Of course, his temper is the same. So Guan Yu didn't have so much antipathy to Xu Shu.
In contrast, Zhuge Liang. Zhuge Liang has a celebrity style, which can be said to be incompatible with Liu Bei's camp. It may even be Guan Yu's contemptuous attitude. Before Zhuge Liang came out of the mountain, passers-by paved the way for him. Although Zhuge Liang was outstanding, he also caused Guan Yu's dissatisfaction. In particular, Liu Bei only invited Zhuge Liang to visit the cottage, which made Guan Yu feel that Zhuge Liang was too arrogant to be his partner.
The second reason is the distribution of rights.
In the contradiction between Guan Yu and Zhuge Liang, the distribution of power is the most important reason. Guan Yu used to be the second person under Liu Bei. Because he is both civil and military, he holds several positions. As Liu Bei, he is always in power when Liu Bei goes out to war. For example, in the battle of Xuzhou, when Liu Bei went to war, Guan Yu was left as the prefect of Xiapi.
Now Zhuge Liang has come and is highly valued by Liu Bei. Unlike Xu Shu, who was willing to assist and never intervened in specific administrative affairs, Zhuge Liang made it clear that he would exercise administrative power. Moreover, he is the first civil servant under Liu Bei. As an old man, this will certainly cause Guan Yu's dissatisfaction with the newcomer Zhuge Liang.
So Guan Yu and Zhang Fei clearly expressed their displeasure with the relationship between Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang. It was not until Liu Bei personally explained the guidance that he temporarily suppressed it.
Third, how Zhuge Liang resolved the contradiction with Guan Yu.
Zhuge Liang certainly knew Guan Yu's dissatisfaction with himself. This is what Zhuge Liang expected long ago. Before joining Liu Bei's camp, Zhuge Liang made a survey of Liu Bei's situation. Zhuge Liang, as the right-hand man of Liu Beiwen, must of course resolve Guan Yu's dissatisfaction, so as to unite the people of Liu Bei Group and realize his strategic vision with Liu Bei. So, how did Zhuge Liang resolve the contradiction with Guan Yu?
1、? With the authority of Liu Bei, the arrogance of Guan Yu and Zhang Fei was suppressed.
When Zhuge Liang joined Liu Bei Group, he had no chance to display his talents. Although he and Liu Bei know each other, they don't know much about Guan Yu and Zhang Fei. Therefore, in this case, Zhuge Liang must have someone to support him, and this person is Liu Bei.
During this period, Liu Bei mainly reconciled the relationship between Zhuge Liang and Guan Yu and Zhang Fei. Zhuge Liang tried not to conflict with Guan Yu and Zhang Fei, and most things were handled by Liu Bei. When Guan Yu and Zhang Fei complained about the relationship between Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang, it was Liu Bei who persuaded them to avoid the conflict between the two sides.
It's time to burn Bowangpo, and it's time for Zhuge Liang to show his talents. Zhuge Liang borrowed Liu Bei's sword seal on the pretext of preventing Guan Yu and Zhang Fei from disobeying the general before sending troops. In this way, the opposition of Guan Yu and Zhang Fei was suppressed during the transfer of troops, and the deployment of troops was successfully completed. In fact, this is based on the authority of Liu Bei.
2、? Unite most people and divide and disintegrate Guan Yu's companions.
Guan Yu has been in Liu Bei's camp for a long time, and of course he has a fighting friendship with everyone. This kind of friendship is also the emotional bond of Liu Bei Group's unity and fighting. Therefore, Guan Yu is much better than Zhuge Liang who first joined Liu Bei Group in this respect.
Despite Liu Bei's support, if Guan Yu unites with others and deliberately opposes Zhuge Liang and embarrasses him, Zhuge Liang will be helpless. Therefore, after Zhuge Liang entered Liu Bei's camp, he attached great importance to uniting the majority.
Thanks to Guan Yu's temper and Liu Bei's support, Zhuge Liang's work for others soon paid off. However, Zhuge Liang's biggest goal is Zhang Fei. Zhang Fei ranks third among Liu Guanzhang's brothers, second only to Guan Yu in Liu Bei Group. Guan Yu and Zhang Fei are both dissatisfied with the relationship between Zhuge Liang and Liu Bei. Therefore, with the support of Zhang Fei, Guan Yu still has a lot of say.
So Zhuge Liang grasped Zhang Fei's character of valuing a gentleman and did a lot of work for him. After burning Bowangpo, Zhang Fei saw Zhuge Liang's skill and immediately admired Zhuge Liang. Zhuge Liang took the opportunity to do a lot of work for Zhang Fei, increased communication in daily life, taught him some strategic knowledge, and gradually turned Zhang Fei into his own supporter. In this way, Guan Yu became more and more isolated, and even if he wanted to fight Zhuge Liang, there was nothing he could do.
3、? Give Guan Yu what he likes and resolve the contradictions in his heart.
Although Zhuge Liang performed well in the battle of burning Bo Wang Po, he was also recognized by everyone. Zhang Fei, in particular, admired Zhuge Liang, while Guan Yu was still unconvinced.
In fact, Zhuge Liang had long anticipated this situation. Together with Liu Bei, he arranged Guan Yu's future position in Longzhong Dui. One of the generals led Jingzhou's soldiers to Wanluo. There is no doubt that this general belongs to Guan Yu. In this way, Guan Yu plays an important role in Liu Bei's strategic plan.
In this way, Guan Yu's worries were broken. As long as he listens to Liu Bei's command, he will still play an irreplaceable role in Liu Bei's future regime. No matter how Zhuge Liang develops in the future, Guan Yu's position will not be in jeopardy.
Moreover, Zhuge Liang grasped the characteristics of Guan Yu's pride and good face, devoted himself wholeheartedly and tried his best to satisfy Guan Yu's self-esteem, such as praising Guan Yu's strengths on many occasions, which made Guan Yu feel confidant to Zhuge Liang when he was satisfied internally. For example, when Liu Bei took Xichuan, he subdued Ma Chao. Guan Yu, who is far away in Jingzhou, wants to compete with Ma Chao.
Zhuge Liang wrote back to Guan Yu, saying that Ma Chao was just a man like Qing Bu and Peng Yue, and he could only charge bravely like Zhang Fei, far less superior than a beard like you. Guan Yu smiled at the letter and said? Does Kong know my heart? . Because Zhuge Liang prescribed the right medicine according to Guan Yu's character, Guan Yu had a confidant feeling for Zhuge Liang. In this way, Guan Yu's hostility to Zhuge Liang fell to the lowest point, laying the foundation for the two sides to shake hands and make peace in the future.
4. By guarding Huarong Road and taking the final blow, Guan Yu bowed his head completely.
If you just please and flatter Guan Yu, you can't win his heart. To make Guan Yu bow, he must be completely destroyed psychologically. So Zhuge Liang and Liu Bei, together, used a Huarong Road to completely let Guan Yu bow his head and admit defeat.
People like Guan, no matter how intimidating or tempting, can't convince him by ordinary means. Guan Yu still refuses to accept Zhang Fei's belief in Zhuge Liang. Zhuge Liang knew this very well, so he gave Guan Yu a thorough blow in defending Huarong Road and made him completely convinced.
In Battle of Red Cliffs, Zhuge Liang sent someone to kill Cao Cao, but he deliberately left the last pass-Huarong Road, and did not send anyone. The generals also deliberately did not send Guan Yu to undertake the task. This is obviously to let Guan Yu take the initiative to defend Huarong Road. Sure enough, Guan Yu couldn't help it and fell into Zhuge Liang's trap.
On the matter of guarding Huarong Road, Zhuge Liang clearly pointed out that Guan Yu would let Cao Cao escape. Guan Yu denied that Cao Cao would have an affair. In this way, Zhuge Liang conveniently let Guan Yu make a written pledge to fulfill a military order.
A detail can be seen here, that is, the details of Guan Yu forcing Zhuge Liang to set down a written evidence. Guan Yu showed great joy when Zhuge Liang said that Cao Cao had written a military order not to take Huarong Road. It can be seen that Guan Yu did not accept Zhuge Liang in his heart and was bent on finding fault with Zhuge Liang.
But Guan Yu went to guard Huarong Road, and everyone with a discerning eye knew what he was thinking. Even Liu Bei said Guan Yu was so loyal that he might really let Cao Cao go. Zhuge Liang knew that Guan Yu would let Cao Cao go.
If we know that Guan Yu will let Cao Cao go, why should he keep Huarong Road? This is because Cao can't go to from ruin at this time. In Battle of Red Cliffs, Wu Dong is the main force of Sun Liu's allied forces. Compared with Wu Dong, Liu Bei's strength is negligible. If Cao Cao dies at this time, the whole northern China will be leaderless and in chaos.
At this point, Wu Dongjiang is strong and Liu Bei is weak, and most of Battle of Red Cliffs's achievements will fall into the hands of Wu Dong. In this way, the powerful Dongwu will not allow Liu Bei's power to grow and develop. With Zhou Yu's character and ability, it is very likely that Liu Bei's power will be forcibly annexed. Then two-thirds of the possibilities in the world do not exist.
Only when Cao Cao continues to live and there are powerful enemies in the north, can the alliance between Sun and Liu have a basis for existence. Only on this basis can Liu Canbei develop his power with the help of Wu Dong. In this way, we must let Cao Cao go. This is what Zhuge Liang said about Cao Cao? Didn't die together Meaning of.
Then to let Cao Cao escape, only Guan Yu is the most suitable. Guan Yu himself was tricked by Zhuge Liang and didn't know it. Sure enough, Guan Yu finally released Cao Cao and came back to lead the way. Zhuge Liang made a gesture, and under the persuasion of Liu Bei, Guan Yu was spared.
However, after this time, Guan Yu really persuaded Zhuge Liang. This time, Zhuge Liang adopted a plan to punish people. One is to take advantage of Guan Yu's great joy and let him take the initiative to take the bait. Guan Yu was unaware when he was cheated. After this incident, Guan Yu will surely wake up and know that he is far away from Zhuge Liang.
The second is to do what you like and give Guan Yu a good reputation. For people like Guan Yu, he values fame far more than anything else. Therefore, giving him a heavy affection and righteousness and letting go of Cao Cao's good name can impress him more than anything else. Here Guan Yu will feel Zhuge Liang's good intentions and be grateful to him.
The third is military orders. This written military order was written by Guan Yu in black and white, and Guan Yu could not shirk it. Although Liu Bei interceded, Zhuge Liang did not pursue it, but after all, it was a handle in Zhuge Liang's hands. Although Guan Yu didn't say anything and Zhuge Liang didn't say anything, everyone knew in their hearts that Guan Yu, a man of great achievements, would definitely take this matter to heart. From then on, Guan Yu could hardly walk far in front of Zhuge Liang.
Conclusion:
After Zhuge Liang joined Liu Bei Group, he had a running-in process with this group because he was a new member. In this process, it is inevitable that there will be some contradictions with the old people in the past. Among these contradictions, the biggest one is the relationship with Guan Yu.
Guan Yu is the most capable general under Liu Bei, and is Liu Bei's inseparable right-hand man. If the relationship with him is not handled well, it will lead to disunity within Liu Bei Group, which will make Liu Bei Group lose heart and fall apart.
Zhuge Liang is very cautious about this problem. He mobilized all available forces and adopted the strategy of boiling frogs in warm water. There was no apparent conflict with Guan Yu, but it had a subtle influence on his environment and psychology, which made him gradually change his view of himself.
Finally, Zhuge Liang used the method of biting off the hand that feeds him, finally subdued Guan Yu and convinced him. Since then, Zhuge Liang has truly integrated into Liu's core, making Liu Bei Group unite as one, and Qi Xin made concerted efforts to finally establish the Shu-Han regime, which has made great contributions.