Solon (638-559 BC), born in Athens, was born in a declining aristocracy. When he was young, he went to many places while doing business.
Roam around places of interest and investigate social customs. Solon was a politician, legislator and poet in ancient Athens, and one of the seven sages of ancient Greece. Solon in 594.
1996 became the first consul of Athens city-state, making laws and carrying out reforms, which is known as Solon reform in history. He also made achievements in poetry, and poetry is a master.
If you praise Athenian polis and laws,
About "Solon Reform";
The content of Solon's reform
Mainly includes:
1 Abolish farmers' debts and prohibit debt slavery;
Abolish the cruel laws enacted by delacour and only keep the part about murder;
3 citizens are divided into four grades according to the amount of property, and political power is determined according to property;
In addition to the aristocratic meeting, 400 people were set up to manage the country, and only the first three citizens could attend.
5. Establish a citizen jury court.
It is generally believed that Solon's reform is beneficial to the development of the industrial and commercial class, but unfavorable to the aristocratic class and the lower class. His change
Reform promoted the development of democracy in Athens. His successor, peisistratus, inherited his reform policy.
One morning in 594 BC, thousands of farmers and craftsmen gathered in the central square of the ancient city of Athens.
Industry and emerging industrial and commercial slave owners. Enthusiastic people are eagerly waiting for an important moment: the newly appointed CEO Solon will announce an important law here.
I saw Solon striding onto the rostrum under the gaze of everyone, looking around, and going straight to a big forest frame. At this time, it was noisy.
The miscellaneous meeting place immediately became silent, and people held their breath and followed Solon to the big wooden frame.
With a wave of his hand, Solon turned over the board in the wooden frame, and the new legal provisions carved on the board were presented to people.
Before. Solon read aloud the law "The Order to Reduce the Burden" aimed at cracking down on the declining gentry and nobles and promoting the economic development of slavery.
Citizens who are sold into slavery due to debts will be released; All debts were abolished and the offset land was returned to the original owner.
Citizens who were sold to foreign countries as slaves were redeemed by the polis fund. And solemnly declare loudly; "This law has been
The validity period is one hundred years. "Suddenly, applause and cheers broke out, and the farmers who were unable to pay their debts cheered enthusiastically.
Athens is shrouded in an unusually warm atmosphere.
Before that, the situation of farmers in Athens was extremely difficult. If the debts borrowed from the rich are unclear, the rich will be owned by the borrower.
When the debt monument is erected on the land, the borrower becomes a "61 farmer". They work for the rich and give five-sixths of the harvest to them.
Lord, I only have one sixth. If the harvest is not enough to pay interest, the rich have the right to put the indebted farmers and their
Wives and children were sold into slavery. Now, the rich man can no longer do this, and the broad masses of civilians have got rid of the bad luck of becoming slaves.
People whose debts have been sold abroad can also come back. As Solon wrote in his poem, he unplugged and stood on the mortgaged land.
Creditor's rights monument. Solon was naturally loved by the public.
Characteristics of Solon's reform
1. Reform concept: moderation, fairness, equality and harmony.
2. Target: slave owners and nobles
3. Benefits of reform: civilians
4. Influence: It laid the foundation of democracy in Athens.
5. Nature: the transformation of the nature of slave owners.
meaning
Solon's reform is an important milestone in the historical development of Athens city-state, which laid the foundation of Athens' democratic politics, promoted the development of industry and commerce, adjusted the interest relationship between different classes of citizens' collective, and guaranteed the economic, political and social status of small and medium-sized owners engaged in their own labor.
Economic significance:
Solon's reform is one of the most important social and political reforms in the history of Athens polis and even the whole ancient Greece, which opened the way for the revival and prosperity of Athens polis. Solon reform greatly promoted the development of agriculture and industry and commerce, and Athens soon became the most prosperous industrial and commercial city in ancient Greece.
Political interests:
Solon's reform shook the aristocratic autocratic rule and laid the foundation of city-state democracy. (1) The order to lighten the burden freed the broad masses of civilians from the shackles of debt slavery, became citizens with free rights, and formed a citizen group that democratic politics must have. (2) The determination of citizens' political rights by the amount of property broke the situation of aristocratic political monopoly, and the builders and slave owners shared political rights, which also enabled the lower-class civilians to obtain certain civil rights. (3) The reform measures of state power institutions, such as restoring citizens' right of assembly, setting up a 400-member meeting and a citizens' jury court, have also ensured citizens' political rights to participate in state affairs to a certain extent.
Historical development:
At the end of 6th century BC, Cristini seized power by opposing tyrant politics. He carried out more profound political reforms along the road pioneered by Solon, which further promoted the formation of democracy in Athens.
In the 5th century BC, Perikles carried out reforms, which promoted the perfection and development of Athenian democracy, and finally established Athenian city-state democracy.
I hope you are satisfied.