Yu Gezi ① Zhang Zhihe (Tang Dynasty)
Egrets fly in front of Xisai Mountain, ②
Peach blossoms and flowing water, mandarin fish fat. ③
Green bamboo hat, ④ green coir raincoat,
The slanting wind and drizzle do not need to return.
The author’s real name is Gui Ling, and his courtesy name is Zitong. He is from Jinhua (now part of Zhejiang). The year of birth and death is unknown. During the reign of Emperor Suzong of the Tang Dynasty, he was waiting for an imperial edict. Later, he was demoted due to his career. He never wanted to be an official and lived in seclusion in the world. He called himself Xuan Zhenzi and also called Yan Bo Diao Tu. The book is also called "Xuan Zhenzi".
Notes ① This tune was originally a Tang Jiaofang tune, also known as "The Fisherman". Divided into monotonic and bimodal. Twenty-seven characters are monotonous and have a flat rhyme. Zhang's tune is the most famous. Double tone, five crosses, oblique rhyme.
② Xisai Mountain: Tao Shiji, located on the bank of the Yangtze River in Daye County, Hubei Province.
③Mandarin fish (Yingui) fish: commonly known as "flower fish" and "mandarin fish".
④Ruo Li: A bamboo hat made of bamboo strips.
Comments: This word embodies the author's love for freedom and nature in the beautiful waterside scenery and the ideal life of fishermen. What attracts us more in the poem is not the fisherman who is calm and comfortable in the wind and rain, but the picture of the spring river in Jiangxiang during the Peach Blossom Flood in February, with the water rising and the misty rain misty. Green mountains in the rain, fishing boats on the river, egrets in the sky, and red peaches on both sides of the bank. The colors are bright but soft, and the atmosphere is peaceful but full of vitality. This not only reflects the author's artistic ingenuity, but also reflects his lofty, unconventional, leisurely and refined taste. After the poem was recited, not only did many people sing it, but it also spread overseas, opening up the door for Chinese poetry writers in Japan in the east to write lyrics. Emperor Saga composed five "Fisher Songs" and seven of his ministers' fenghe poems. , which is adapted from this word. Also, the old annotation states that Mount Xisse is in Huzhou, which may not be true. There are five poems in Zhang's "Fishing Song", which sing about Xisai Mountain, Diaotai, Songjiang, Xuexi, and Qingcao Lake. They generally talk about the joy of fishing in rivers and lakes, but the place is not in Huzhou. According to Lu You's "Entering Shu", Mount Xisai is the Taoist Ji of Ezhou: "The name of Ji is Mount Xisai, which is what Xuan Zhenzi calls "Egret Wind in front of Mount Xisai" in "The Song of the Fisherman"." Su Shi was relegated to his home When I was in Huangzhou, I once visited this place and there was a saying: "Yuan Zhen's language is extremely clear and beautiful. I hate that its tune has not been passed down, so I added his language and sang it in "Huanxi Sand"." (Xu Fu's "Partridge Sky" lyrics and postscript, see " "Yuefu Yaci" volume) Su Shi's "Huanxisha" poem: "Egrets fly in front of Xisai Mountain, and the sails outside Sanhua Island are slight." Sanhua Island is in the Yangtze River, opposite to Xisai Mountain. Xu Fu's "Partridge Sky" poem: "Egrets fly in front of Xisai Mountain, and peach blossoms flow in the water to fertilize fish. If the court is looking for Yuan Zhenzi, it is fine to fish in the Yangtze River." Xisai Mountain is also on the bank of the Yangtze River.