Chinese name: Broussonetia papyrifera
Mbth: Papermulberry
Nicknames: Broussonetia papyrifera, Broussonetia papyrifera, Sandpaper Tree, Hemlock Tree, Hemlock Tree, False Myrica rubra.
Field: the field of plants
Phylum: Angiosperm phylum
Category: Dicotyledonous plants
Subclass: Hamamelis Subclass
Objective: Urtica.
Department: Sankoh
Genus: Genus
Latin scientific name: Broussonetia papyrifera
catalogue
morphological character
geographical distribution
Biological habit
Cultivation techniques of sowing and seedling raising
Seedling raising of concubine of mother tree
Medicinal value
Horticultural application
market analysis
Morphological characteristics of related poems
geographical distribution
Biological habit
Cultivation techniques of sowing and seedling raising
Seedling raising of concubine of mother tree
Medicinal value
Horticultural application
market analysis
Related poems
Expand tree structure
Edit the morphological characteristics of this paragraph
Deciduous trees, up to16m; The crown is open, ovoid to wide ovoid; The bark is smooth, light gray or grayish brown, not easy to crack, and the whole plant contains milk. Simple leaves alternate, sometimes nearly opposite, the leaves are ovoid to broadly ovoid, 8-20 cm long and 6- 15 cm wide, sharp, round or nearly heart-shaped at the base, with coarse teeth on the edge, 3-5 deeply divided (the leaves on the young branches are more obvious), and coarse hairs on both sides; Petiole 3-5 cm long, densely villous; Stipules ovoid-oblong, caducous. The fruit is spherical, orange-red or bright red when it is ripe. The flowering period is April-May and the fruiting period is July-September. [ 1]
Edit the geographical distribution of this part.
Broussonetia papyrifera is distributed in the Yellow River, Yangtze River and Pearl River basins in China, and is also found in Viet Nam and Japan. Strong adaptability, drought resistance and barren resistance. Usually wild or planted Broussonetia papyrifera
In the wasteland, fields and ditches near the village. Reproduce with seeds or cuttings. In order to overcome the problem that a large number of succulent fruits fall off when the female plants mature, the male plants can be used as scions to cultivate grafted seedlings for planting. The bark fiber of Broussonetia papyrifera is long and soft, which can be used as the raw material of mulberry paper. In Chinese medicine, the fruit is called Broussonetia papyrifera, which is used as medicine together with the root, and has the functions of tonifying kidney, diuresis and strengthening bones and muscles. Young leaves can be fed to pigs. Broussonetia papyrifera can resist toxic gases such as sulfur dioxide, hydrogen fluoride and chlorine, and can be used as a greening tree species in industrial and mining areas with serious air pollution. . [ 1]
Edit the biological habits of this paragraph.
Strong positive tree species, strong adaptability and strong resistance. Shallow root system, widely distributed lateral roots, fast growth, strong germination and tillering ability, and pruning resistance.
Stop. Strong anti-pollution ability. Male inflorescence pendulous, female inflorescence pedunculate, with 4 bracteoles, rod-shaped, upper conical and hairy. The ovary is enclosed in calyx tube, the stigma is slender and spiny, the flower and fruit are spherical, the diameter is 1.5-2.5cm, and it is orange when mature. Achenes oblate. May-June flowering, August-September fruiting, dioecious. [ 1]
Edit the cultivation techniques in this section.
Sowing and seedling raising method of Broussonetia papyrifera and mother tree.
Sowing and seedling raising
1. Seed collection: Collect mature Broussonetia papyrifera fruits on June 5438+00, mash them in a barrel, rinse them, remove residual liquid to get pure seeds, and then dry them in the air.
Hide for later use. 2. Land selection and soil preparation: loose, fertile and deep loam land with sunny and leeward is selected as nursery land. Plough in autumn, remove weeds, roots and stones. 3. Application of base fertilizer: Before sowing 1 month, spread 150kg/667m2 of broken cake fertilizer on the nursery and rake it into the soil. 4. Sowing: Sowing in narrow rows with a sowing width of 6cm and a row spacing of 25cm. Before sowing, seeds and fine soil (or fine sand) are evenly mixed according to the ratio of 1: 1, and then sown, and then covered with 0.5cm soil and slightly pressed. For arid areas, it is necessary to cover grass. 5. Seedling management, out of the nursery. For the seedlings covered with grass, the first weeding begins when the emergence reaches 1/3, and the second weeding begins after 3 days. Protect the seedlings with fine soil bacon within 1 week after the seedlings come out. Pay attention to moisturizing and drainage here. Top dressing can be applied 2 ~ 3 times when entering the fast-growing period. Do a good job in routine management such as loosening soil, weeding and thinning seedlings. Diseases and pests in Broussonetia papyrifera seedling stage are rare. In autumn, the height of seedlings in that year can reach 50cm.
Seedling raising of concubine of mother tree
1. Land selection: select fertile and deep soil, sunny sloping land or flat land as nursery (afforestation) land. 2. Planting mother tree: According to the investigation results of Broussonetia papyrifera in Xinyang suburb, when the mother tree is 7m high, the seedling density of Broussonetia papyrifera is more than 40 plants /m2.
The radius is 10m. Accordingly, the row spacing of mother trees is set at 8m*8m, 2-year-old seedlings are selected for planting, and 25kg farmyard manure is applied to each hole. 3. Soil management: prepare soil every summer, remove weeds, roots and stones, plough again before the fruit of Broussonetia papyrifera matures in autumn 1 week, and rake it flat, and then rake it into the soil shallowly after all the seeds fall. 4. Seedling management (1) Do a good job of management and protection in the early stage of emergence, prevent birds and rats, and ensure the safe overwintering of seeds. (2) Seedling management can refer to the related contents of sowing and seedling raising. 5. This method can be directly applied to afforestation and can achieve the effect of early afforestation. According to the determination of relevant professionals, under the same site conditions, the early growth of Broussonetia papyrifera is equivalent to that of Robinia pseudoacacia and poplar. According to the growth comparison of two-year-old Broussonetia papyrifera and poplar under the same conditions, the single plant weight of Broussonetia papyrifera is 18.5kg, while that of poplar is only 15.5kg, with a difference of 16%. [2]
Edit the medicinal value of this paragraph.
Broussonetia papyrus A plant belonging to the genus Broussonetia of Moraceae, used as medicine in emulsion, root bark, bark, leaves, fruits and seeds. Collect emulsion, leaves, fruits and seeds in summer and autumn; Root bark and bark are collected in winter and spring for fresh use or dry in the shade. Nature and taste: sweet, cold. Ye: Sweet and refreshing. Pi: Gan, Ping. Indications: tonifying kidney, strengthening bones and muscles, improving eyesight and diuresis. Used for soreness of waist and knees, dizziness due to kidney deficiency, impotence and edema. Leaves: clearing heat and cooling blood, diuresis and killing insects. Used for epistaxis, enteritis and dysentery. Skin: diuresis and detumescence, expelling wind and removing dampness. Used for edema and muscle soreness; Local treatment of neurodermatitis and tinea. Milk: diuretic, detumescence and detoxification, treating edema, tinea, snake, insect, bee, scorpion and dog bites. Usage: 2 ~ 4 RMB. Ye: 3 ~ 5 yuan. Bark: 3 ~ 5 yuan, peeling bark for external use, rubbing fresh fruit and gravy. [3]
Edit this gardening application
It can be used as greening tree species in wasteland, remote areas and seriously polluted factories. It can also be used as a street tree and paper making. The protein content of Broussonetia papyrifera leaves is as high as 20% ~ 30%, and it is also rich in nutrients such as amino acids, vitamins, carbohydrates and trace elements. After scientific processing, it can be used to produce full-price livestock feed. The fruit is sweet and sour and edible. Although the appearance of Broussonetia papyrifera is rough, it has many advantages such as dense branches and leaves, strong resistance, fast growth and easy reproduction. It is still an important tree species for urban and rural greening, especially suitable for greening in mining areas and barren hills and slopes, and can also be used as shade trees and shelter forests. [ 1]
Edit the market analysis of this paragraph.
With the continuous growth of population (there are more than 5 billion people in the world, increasing by 1 billion every year), the amount of cultivated land is decreasing, and the shortage of food resources is becoming more and more serious.
This is an indisputable fact. It is of urgent practical and far-reaching strategic significance to develop Broussonetia papyrifera feed to make up for the shortage of grain feed. Broussonetia papyrifera resources developed by high-tech means of bioengineering have high content of nutrients in leaves, good nutritional balance and high utilization value, and can be made into Broussonetia papyrifera nutritional powder, mixed food of flour and soybean flour and nutritional health care agents. At the same time, we can make full use of large areas of barren hills and beaches, improve and protect the ecological environment, strengthen soil and water conservation, optimize the living environment of human beings, improve and protect farmers' income, enrich the vast rural areas, and enable farmers to realize a well-off life as soon as possible. It is very urgent and necessary to develop this resource at this stage. Main development contents: The project mainly develops the planting technology of picking leaves all year round, the special growth nutrient and feed for Broussonetia papyrifera, the development of nutritional powder for Broussonetia papyrifera and various food production technologies. According to the difference of nutritional components of Broussonetia papyrifera grown in different regions, the quality standard of Broussonetia papyrifera leaves for feed was determined, and a demonstration base for developing Broussonetia papyrifera resources by bioengineering high-tech methods integrating research, development, pilot test and production was established. Various feed products and products do not contain hormones, pesticides, etc. Its quality is superior to the national standards and current standards of various feeds. By adopting this biotechnology, the picking cycle is shortened from 90 days to 40 days, and it can be harvested 4-5 times a year, which greatly improves the quality and yields by 2-3 times. The feed is rich in protein, amino acids and trace elements. Among them, the content of amino acids is 4.5 times that of rice, 0.8 times that of soybean, 5 times that of soybean and milk, 0.00 times that of vitamins and trace elements, and 5 times that of carrot. Technical maturity: This project is a green and pollution-free production project. It has passed the national invention patent application with the application number of 02 104092.3, including the technologies of Broussonetia papyrifera planting, biological fermentation and deep processing. Through research, pilot test, development and production, obvious social, economic and ecological benefits have been achieved, and it has been proved to be a mature and reliable technology in production practice. So it is a new product, the market is in short supply, and there is basically no risk.
Edit the poems related to this paragraph.
She was born and raised in obscurity in the vast land of China. She has no gorgeous appearance, but she has written the most beautiful calligraphy and painting with her own flesh and blood, which has passed down thousands of years of culture. She is not tall enough to be a pillar, but every branch and fruit of her has been unreservedly dedicated to the construction of human trees.
She doesn't have a loud name. Since ancient times, she has provided us with warm clothes, cold food and medicine for treating diseases. Everyone can't live without her, but she doesn't know her. She is not afraid of knives, chopping, burning or caring for trees. As long as there is sunshine and rain, she can grow tenaciously even in extremely barren places. Her value lies in people's sameness to her ... Her life is sublimated in this vast green land with a healthy smile.