Characteristics of Jian'an literature:
1. The characteristics of the era of "the world is in chaos, the customs are declining, and the customs are resentful". Jian'an literati have a broad mind, great ambitions to pursue ideals, and actively communicate A free attitude towards life, a straightforward, simple and vigorous lyrical style.
It formed the unique summary, energetic, generous and sad style of Jian'an poetry. It created a new situation for Chinese poetry and established the poetic aesthetic style of "Jian'an style".
2. The Jian'an period was a period of self-consciousness in literature. People reflected in Jian'an literature not only had social roles and obligations, but also had personal interests and hobbies.
In addition to public social life, there is also private daily life. Jian'an literature is literature that fully displays individual life. It fully displays the great spirit of life and has lasting charm and value.
3. Generally speaking, the realm of Jian'an literature is relatively open and free. Poetry mainly involves learning Yuefu folk songs, which are artistically influenced by the narrative nature of Han Yuefu, strengthened the lyricism, and transformed into literati poetry.
Cao Cao's poems and prose have the characteristics of advocating quality and truth, and the overall direction of his subsequent poems is to become more and more exquisite and beautiful. In addition to the overall characteristics of the group of the era, it also has strong individual personality characteristics.
4. Jian'an poems are mainly five-character poems, but there are also four-character poems, miscellaneous words, etc. Among them, five-character poems have achieved the highest achievement, paving the way for the development of five-character poems. There are many forms of prose.
There are edicts, memorials, chapters, letters, prefaces, praises, inscriptions, etc. Ci Fu follows the creative path of lyrical fu in the late Han Dynasty, but the subject matter is wider, including lyricism, chanting of objects, sentiments, banquets, and hunting.
Extended information:
Reasons for the rise of Jian'an literature:
1. The turmoil of the times: The broad masses of people who suffered from the chaos were more eager to govern. , Cao Cao, who gained power in the north during the war, became the focus of people's attention, and the Jian'an style of writing that paid attention to people's livelihood was inevitable.
2. The liberation of academic thought: "Depose hundreds of schools of thought and respect only Confucianism." At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, with the collapse of the rule of the Han Dynasty, various schools of thought rose again.
3. The development of literature itself: In the Jian'an period, new life was born on the basis of the inheritance of various literary styles.
4. The establishment of literary theory and literary criticism: The Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties were an era when literary theory and literary criticism were extremely prosperous in my country.
5. The personal actions of Cao and his son promoted the vigorous development of contemporary literature and led the trend of Jian'an literature.
Tongque Terrace and Jian'an Literature:
Tongque Terrace and Jian'an Literature have an indissoluble bond. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, a large number of writers in the north, such as Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Zhi, Wang Can, Liu Zhen, Chen Lin, Xu Qian, Cai Wenji, Handan Chun, etc., gathered at Tongque Terrace.
Use his own straight words to express his mind, generosity and ambition, and express his ambition to make achievements; Min Shi mourned the chaos, reflected the social reality and the tragic life of the people, and set off the first literary creation in the history of Chinese poetry. A climax.
Because it was the Jian'an era of Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, it was later called Jian'an literature. Cao Cao was not only a great politician, military strategist, but also a writer who created a generation of writing style. The writers who gathered around him were called the "Ye literati group".
Their gathering was due to Cao Cao's love for literature. In the official office he set up for the scholars, there was a special post of "Wuguan Zhonglang General Literary", so Cao Pi and Cao Zhi mostly used this name to recruit Jian'an Seven Sons and many other literati to form a group.
Although this is not an organization established specifically for literary creation, it is the core of literary writers and provides favorable conditions for organizing literary activities. Its main activities include composing poems when visiting the Tongque Terrace and having a banquet.
For example, there are a large number of "Public Banquet" poems in the Seven Sons of Jian'an. The composition of the theme began when the Tongque Terrace was newly built, "Taizu Xijiang" It later became a habit for all the scholars to come on stage and write their own poems, and everyone would write the same topic at the same time. For example, "Liu Fu" was written by Cao Pi, Wang Can and others at the same time. Writers would give answers to each other and comment on it. His works include a large number of donated poems and Cao Pi's "Books with Wu Zhi", "Dian Lun", "Books with Yang De Zu" and other collections of China's earliest literary criticism.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Jian'an Literature