Li Yu: I can't bear to look back. I sigh and hate the emperor.
When is the spring flower and autumn moon, how much is known about the past. The small building was easterly again last night, and the old country could not bear to look back on the moon.
Carved fences and jade bricks should still exist, but Zhu Yan changed them. Ask how much sorrow you can have, just like a river flowing eastward.
-Li Yu's Young Beauty
As the king of a country, Li Yu is undoubtedly a complete failure. He was weak and incompetent, did not make progress, and did not understand talents, which eventually led to the collapse of the Southern Tang Dynasty, losing his country and his own life. However, there are countless emperors like him in history, and history is not surprising. It happened that Li Yu was the most sympathetic and loved by later generations, because Li Yu, as a poet, was the real king. He opened up the theme and artistic conception of ci, changed a musician's ci into a scholar-bureaucrat's ci, and created an immortal masterpiece that was praised through the ages. His poems are sincere and touching, and Li Yu himself is also known as the "mourning Sect" of the graceful school. Later generations commented that "he is still the South King in his poems", and these praises gave some comfort to his later Jiuquan master. Li Yu tasted human suffering before his death, but he was admired after his death. The phoenix nirvana made future generations sigh. The ups and downs of history have long been a dream of yesterday, and only the pen and ink articles cast by Dan Qing with blood and tears are immortal!
Li Yu was born in Jinling on Qixi night in the second year of Tianfu at the end of the Jin Dynasty (AD 937). Affectionate weather and place are doomed to Li Yu's affectionate character.
For the position of emperor, Li Yuben has no desire at all and is incredibly indifferent. As a prince, he never wanted to shoulder the heavy responsibility of a country from the bottom of his heart, just wanted to enjoy life freely under the protection of his father and brother. Li Yu is dismissive of how many people fought for the throne for thousands of years, how many brothers killed each other and how many people shed blood for it. He is simple and kind in nature, good at poetry, calligraphy and chess, loves to sing the wind and the moon, has no ambition to build a country, and knows that he has no talent for building a country and is only interested in mountains and rivers. His greatest wish is to be a hermit and give himself the nickname "Zhongshan Hermit", but in the end, the person who wants to hide behind the excitement is pushed to the forefront of history helplessly!
Originally, Li Yu's wish could be realized. He has his eldest brother, Li Hongji, and it's not his turn to the throne. Li Hongji is resolute and brave, with military exploits. He is the Lord of the Throne. Everything seems perfect, too. Li Yu and his eldest brother have their own needs. Li Yu is his hermit, and Li Hongji is his emperor. Each has his own place and the best of both worlds. However, the appearance of Li Yu made the suspicious eldest brother very uneasy. Lu You's Book of Southern Tang Dynasty records that Li Yu is a "double pupil" and born with a vision. Because there are only two people with one eye and two eyes clearly recorded in history, namely Shun and Xiang Yu, it is considered as a statue of an emperor. This worried Li Hongji, who was very concerned about the throne. Even though his younger brother didn't see any emperor, he was still fortified and malicious everywhere. Li Yu is very helpless here and does not refute. He just indulged in mountains and rivers more selflessly. Dressing as a pig doesn't want to eat a tiger. All he needs is a quiet life. Li Yu sings and dances every day, and plays bamboo all day long, enjoying himself in his own paradise.
If things develop steadily like this, it won't happen again, and rumors will eventually stop that day, but fate seems to pay the price for the foresight given by this mistake, and resolutely put Li Yu in the same position as Shun and Xiang Yu, but Li can't accomplish the same achievements as Shun and Xiang Yu. In 959, Li Hongji, the prince of Southern Tang Dynasty, poisoned his uncle Li Jingsui, who threatened his throne. He had a psychological burden on his back, lived in fear and died. The snipe and the clam compete, and Li Yu makes the fisherman who takes advantage unprepared. Li Yu has no brothers and uncles on it, so he naturally becomes a prince. In July 96 1 year, Li Jingqiu and Li Yuji, the leaders of the Southern Tang Dynasty, settled in Jinling, and his life as an emperor mixed with humiliation began, and the tragedy of life began.
It is an unchangeable truth that the general trend of the world will be combined for a long time. In the Tang Dynasty, three hundred years later, the four seas flourished, and then the five dynasties were frequent, and the ten southern countries became independent, and the world was in chaos. The era of Li Yu's life is the end of troubled times. The yellow-robed people of Zhao Kuangyin in the north won the throne, established Dasong, ended the five dynasties' rule, and basically eliminated the separatist forces in the north. Strong national strength, eyeing the south. History has chosen Zhao Kuangyin as the terminator of five dynasties and ten countries in troubled times, which no one can change, and Li Yu, as a weak monarch, can do nothing.
Li Yu knows nothing about governing the country and has no intention of governing and rejuvenating the country. Singing, dancing and writing poems are his favorite things, so Li Yu often plays endlessly without asking about state affairs. It is the third generation that passed from the Southern Tang Dynasty to Li Yu. At this time, the southern Tang Dynasty was poor and weak, and its national strength was not as good as before. North of the Yangtze River has long been lost to Dasong by Li Jing. The Southern Tang Dynasty has been obedient to Song for many years, but it is only right and dare not neglect it to avoid contact with Song. At this time, even if the reign of many dissenting Confucian Hanwu, I'm afraid there is nothing to do, let alone little Li Yu.
Li Yu is a wise man. He continued his father's vassal status to Song, and even surpassed it. Li Yu is a dutiful son to the Song Zhao Tiger Wolf in the north. He reported on major issues and minor issues, and he also respected Song's will. In terms of etiquette, specifications and address, Li Yu even took the initiative to drop by one level compared with his father's reign. He is an emperor, but he is also a qualified slave. For Song, it was a "small gift every month, a big gift in March", and it was generous to pay tribute three times in 962 AD. In the Song Dynasty, Li Yu, who was a bit older, did his duty as a courtier, and kept offering gifts, hoping that Zhao Kuangyin would be happy and let Nantang continue to live. Everything Li has done is to keep his ancestral business. Li Yu also knows that Nantang is in danger, but he doesn't want to leave Nantang in his own hands, and he doesn't want to be a humiliated and humbled king of national subjugation. However, fate likes to play jokes on Li Yu.
God has been very kind to Li Yu. The first half of his life gave him mountains and rivers, gave him beauty and made him enjoy the happiness envied by many people. Li Yu, who suffered humiliation outside, can always find some comfort at home, because he has a wife who is as fond of playing chess and painting as he is, meticulous, gentle and virtuous, confidante, beautiful, and a week later, Zhou Ehuang.
Li Yu married Zhou Ehuang at the age of 22 before becoming a prince. Husband and wife love each other and are very happy. E Huang is the daughter of Zhou Zong, an important official in Southern Tang Dynasty. Her marriage with Li Yu is political in the eyes of her parents. However, these feudal parents were not mistaken this time. They brought together two like-minded talents. History records that Zhou Ehuang is "familiar with history, good at singing and dancing, and especially good at pipa". As for playing chess, he can't stop, and he is quiet and intelligent, elegant in temperament, beautiful in appearance, good at singing and dancing, and good in poetry and painting. I'm afraid only Li Yu, the first gifted scholar in the Southern Tang Dynasty, is worthy of such a stunner. Maybe they are a match made in heaven.
E Huang, with all kinds of amorous feelings, can always give some comfort to Li Yu, who was humiliated by Zhao and Song Dynasties, so that he can forget everything for a while and plunge into the luxurious life of the harem. Li Yuhe and E Huang are like-minded. In today's words, they are all typical young artists. When two artists live together, they will never lack interest. Two people like a duck to water, one is affectionate and witty, and the other is a versatile girl. E Huang found a bosom friend in Li Yu, and Li Yu found the source of creation in E Huang. This life is full and sweet. Coupled with an emperor and a queen, the most respected person among people can indulge in luxury and sing and dance without any objective conditions. What a fairy couple. I think if Li Yuhe and Zhao Kuangyin switch places at this time, Li Yu will never be willing, and Zhao Kuangyin may even scoff. Everyone has his own ideas, and so does the emperor. Li Yu lives a life he likes. He thinks he is the happiest person in the world. People like Zhao Kuangyin, even if they own the whole world, will not be satisfied. Once people's desires are opened, they will never be shut up.
It is no exaggeration to describe Li Yu with a bad king. During the four years of Li Yu's reign 14, he hardly did a major event beneficial to the country. Every day, he only thinks about how to please the emperor of the Song Dynasty, so as to keep his right to continue extravagant and debauchery in the small family country of the Southern Tang Dynasty. At this stage, Li Yu's ci basically describes the love between men and women and extravagant life, which has little artistic value, but the style and language of his ci are vivid and interesting, much better than the five pronouns.
A Mutual Help describes the happy and sweet life of Li Yu and Zhou Ehuang. "Xiao makeup, shen tan light note, slightly dew clove to the person, a song of joy, temporarily lead cherry blossoms. The sleeves are worn out. The cup is deeply whirled by the fragrant mash, and the embroidered bed leans against the jiao, chewing red velvet and laughing at Tan Lang. " . A few words describe Zhou Ehuang's naivety, romance, gentleness and cuteness, as well as a series of lovely actions and amorous feelings, which I still cherish. Aside, Li Yu is undoubtedly fascinated, her mind is rippling, and her lyrics are also a wave of her hand.
Then history did not favor Li Yu, let Li Yu enjoy himself all the time, and abruptly gave Li Yu a stab in the back. Zhou Ehuang is weak. She was bedridden with a cold once, and if she died for a long time, her life would be in danger in a few months. A beautiful woman who usually dances shyly and moving, languishes under the torture of illness, which makes people sad. Li Yu is naturally heartbroken, as if everything had lost hope. He was naked, guarded by E Huang and nostalgic for the past.
We want to regard Li Yu as a wise king, but he is not. We should also regard Li Yu as a single-minded lover. Unfortunately, he is not. This is history. No one is perfect. Maybe we were too hard on Li Yu and forgot the identity of Emperor Li Yu. Three palaces and six hospitals are not uncommon. But Li Yu sympathized with E Huang's sister, a girl whom Li Yu watched grow up. This is another joke of fate.
During E Huang's serious illness, E Huang's family went to the Palace, including her sister who was 14 years younger than E Huang. When Li Yuhe E Huang hit it off, E Huang's sister was still a girl, but when the magician suddenly turned a little girl into a slim girl in front of Li Yu, Li Yu was moved. For E Huang's sister, Li Yu fell in love with her until she could not extricate herself. A passionate person never hides his feelings, but he is not reckless with feelings. My love for my sister will not diminish my love for E Huang. Passionate people are never fickle. E Huang, who was seriously ill, lost her former glory, but Li Yu still cared about her. Li Yu and his sister are both secretly in love with someone with a sense of guilt for E Huang, but in the end, paper can't cover the fire. Li Yu's lyrical words about tryst reached E Huang's ears. E Huang was heartbroken and didn't say a word. She turned her back on Li Yu and resisted with silence.
In 964 AD, Li Yu and E Huang's second son, Li Zhongxuan, died unfortunately, which was a great blow to Li Yu and his wife and directly led to the aggravation of E Huang's illness. 1 1 month, E Huang died, a generation of beauty, fragrant and fragrant. Li Yu, who lost his beloved son and wife, was deeply saddened and guilty. He wrote Zhouyi himself, calling himself a widower. In the article, he recalled the past, was sad and bleeding, and expressed his deep yearning for E Huang, which made people cry. The following year, after Li Yu's mother was blessed, Zhong died of illness, which dealt a greater blow to Li Yu. Li Yu, who is less than 30 years old, is slim and gaunt.
E Huang's sister became Li Yu's only hope and the only hope in his life. After three years of mourning for her mother, Li Yu immediately married E Huang's younger sister and immediately became a queen for Xiao Zhou. Zhou Xiao and her sister are similar in many ways, and they are more youthful and energetic, which gives Li Yu great comfort. Li Yu loves Zhou Xiao as much as he loves E Huang, and Zhou Xiao loves his versatile brother-in-law. The sweetness of their life is not inferior to that of E Huang when he was alive, but the internal and external troubles of Jiangshan make them unable to enjoy it as before. Zhou Xiao was a perfect wife in every way, especially after the collapse of the Southern Tang Dynasty and the captured life of the Song capital. Zhou Xiao gave Li Yu humiliating and sad spiritual comfort, which is great. She spent the most miserable days with Li Yu. She endured humiliation for Li Yu and seldom complained. From marrying Li Yu to his death, E Huang suffered little, but Zhou Xiao silently watched Li Yu die. In this respect, Zhou Xiao is even more regrettable and respectable.
After a series of blows, Li Yu felt that she was the most pitiful person in the world, and she was a little self-destructive and self-exiled. He is crazy about Buddhism, eager to find spiritual sustenance from Amitabha Namo and his own "paradise" from doing good and abstinence. Buddhists pay attention to abstinence from alcohol and sex, but all this is impossible for Li Yu. He pretends to study Buddhist scriptures and Buddhism devoutly and promote Buddhism, but in fact he is just escaping and paralyzing himself.
In 969, Li Yupu became a monk, lifting the restrictions on the number of monks and nuns in various places. It is hard to see that a series of policies have been promulgated to promote Buddhism, build temples and benefit monks. He even built a temple in his own palace, hired a monk as a teacher, and pretended to deceive himself. The minister wrote to compare Liang Wudi with Li Yu and warned him not to starve to death. He cursed whether you wanted to be Wei Zhi. The minister said seriously, I am not Wei Zhi, and you are not Emperor Taizong. Li Yu lost his temper immediately after hearing this. Instead of getting angry, he waved and fell into pain.
I can fully understand Li Yu's helplessness in the face of thousands of miles of rivers and mountains will no longer exist tomorrow. He is neither Sun Hao nor Chen. He is not a fool. His affection for Nantang is deep and his pain is unknown. I can't change all this on my own. What Li did was to give in again and again, and give in again and again. He doesn't want to be a sinner who lost his ancestral business, a prisoner of Zhao and Song Dynasties, or lose the minimum freedom to be a man. If Li doesn't want to go back, there is nothing he can do and there will be no reform. The tragedy of life is to see beautiful things broken a little. Li Yu's political incompetence and a series of mistakes also accelerated the downfall of the Southern Tang Dynasty.
In 963, Jingnan, Song Ping. In 965, Shu was destroyed by the Song Dynasty. In 97 1 year, the Southern Han Dynasty was destroyed by the Song Dynasty. Just as Li Yu was still feeling sad for his young son, Zhao and Song had gradually eliminated the separatist forces in the south, and the general trend of reunification was unstoppable. In the end, there are only two small countries left in the south, Nantang and wuyue. Li Yu's good days are coming to an end, and servility and frequent tribute have no effect. Zhao Kuangyin could no longer tolerate Li Yu's sleeping on his bed, so the destruction of the Southern Tang Dynasty was put on the agenda of the Song Dynasty.
In the Southern Tang Dynasty, this dilapidated decline continued, and natural disasters and exorbitant taxes and levies made the people miserable. Li Yu, on the other hand, disagreed, continued to live a decadent life, continued to preach Buddhism, continued to deceive himself and others, and enjoyed the last enjoyment. As Li Yu's private Buddhist lecturer, the spy of the Song Dynasty became a famous monk "Little Elder" and constantly instilled the theory of Buddhist salvation in Li Yu, which made Li Yu pin all his hopes on illusory things.
In 972, Zhao Kuangyin built Lixian Building in Bianjing, which is a pure southern architectural style. Zhao Kuangyin made no secret that the Lixian Building was built by Li Yu of the Southern Tang Dynasty and Qian Chu of wuyue, only to see who was the wisest and surrendered first. Li Yu's inner contradiction about this, he knew that Zhao Kuangyin gave him the steps, and sooner or later he would live in Lixian Building. However, people always have luck, what's more, Li Yu is still an emperor at this time, and he can still call the shots in the southern Tang Dynasty. How could he willingly give up his country? For Rain Lee's indifference, Zhao Kuangyin knew it was time to operate on Rain Lee. What is lacking now is just an excuse and an opportunity.
On the one hand, Song Yi let the spy "Little Elders", that is, the leading figures of Buddhism in the Southern Tang Dynasty, continue to paralyze Li Yu, on the other hand, he strengthened military deployment. The southern expedition is just around the corner. Song first detained Li Yu's younger brother Li, who was sent by Li Yu as a gift to Song, and then got rid of Lin, the general of the Southern Tang Dynasty, through Li's double spy. Li can tolerate the minister's disrespect for himself, can tolerate the minister's graft, but can't tolerate the minister's usurpation. When Li told Li Yulin the false news that he was about to betray, the cowardly emperor was cruel for the first time and sent someone to poison Lin. Lin is a rare brave general in the Southern Tang Dynasty. Li Yu's killing of forests is tantamount to self-destruction of the Great Wall and accelerating the demise of the Southern Tang Dynasty. On the occasion of the national disaster in the Southern Tang Dynasty, Minister Pan You wrote a letter bluntly urging the extinction of the Buddha, and was finally framed. Minister Li Ping advocated reform, but ultimately failed. Li Yu didn't kill the literati, but just locked Pan You and Li Ping up. The two of them committed suicide unwilling to be humiliated. Only cowards and villains like Li Yu are left in the Southern Tang Dynasty.