Tang Bai Juyi
Gushan Temple is in the north of Jiating West, with a flat water surface and low cloud feet. A few early warblers compete for warm trees, whose new swallow pecks at spring mud?
Flowers are more and more attractive, and shallow grass can be without horseshoes. I like the lack of eastbound lake, and I like the white sand embankment under the shade of Populus davidiana.
back view
Bai Juyi was appointed as the secretariat of Hangzhou in July of the second year of Changqing (AD 822), and Bao Liyuan was appointed as the secretariat of Suzhou in March of the second year of Changqing (AD 825), so this "Qiantang Spring Tour" should be written in the spring of the third or fourth year of Changqing. This poem is selected from the confession of Volume 20 of Changqing Collection, which was written in the third year of Changqing (823).
Qiantang Lake is the West Lake in Hangzhou, where the climate is pleasant, the mountains and rivers are beautiful and the balcony is beautiful. It has been a tourist attraction since the Tang Dynasty.
When we mention the West Lake, we will naturally think of Su Shi's famous sentence, "To compare the West Lake to the West Lake, light makeup and heavy makeup are always appropriate." After reading this poem by Bai Juyi, you seem to really see Shi's smiling face. This poem describes the charming spring scenery of the West Lake in early spring as seen by the poet riding a horse, and shows the vitality of everything under the bath of spring scenery.
Bai Juyi yearned for Hangzhou when he was a teenager. In the autumn of the second year of Tang Muzong Changqing (822), the secretariat of Zhongzhou was changed to that of Hangzhou, and this long-cherished wish was finally realized. In the summer of four years of Changqing, it was changed to Suzhou secretariat. During his 600 days in Hangzhou, the poet not only led people to build dikes and dig wells, but also enjoyed the scenery of the West Lake and wrote many poems about it.
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From Bai's "Changqing Collection Qiantang Lake Hangzhou West Lake Bai Juyi" (772-846), the word Letian was also called Xiangshan Jushi Taiyuan (now Shanxi) in his later years.
A great poet in the Tang Dynasty. There is a white "evergreen".
1. Gushan Temple: It was built in the early years of Tianjia, Emperor Chen Wendi of the Southern Dynasties (560 ~ 566) and renamed Guanghua in the Song Dynasty. Gushan Temple: Located in the north of West Lake, between Houhu Lake and Waihu Lake, with towering peaks and beautiful scenery, it is a scenic spot of lakes and mountains.
Jia Ting: Jia Gongting. During the Zhenyuan period of Tang Dynasty (AD 785-804), Jia Quan was appointed as the secretariat of Hangzhou, and built a pavilion in Kongqian, Qiantang, which was called Jiating or Jiagong Pavilion. The pavilion lasted until the late Tang Dynasty.
3. Initial leveling of water surface: The lake rises in spring, and the water surface just leveled the lake shore. Initial: adverb, JIU. Cloud feet are low; Refers to a low cloud, which seems to be connected with a lake. Point out the starting point and path of spring outing, and focus on depicting lakes and mountains.
4. Early spring warbler: an oriole that arrives early in early spring. Warbler: oriole, the song is sweet. Warm trees: branches competing to fly to the sun. Warm tree: a tree pointing to the sun. Xinyan: Swallows just returned from the south. Take it. Swallows build nests out of mud. In the spring outing, you can see that singing birds are singing and dancing, which is dynamic and moving. Focus on birds.
5. Miscellaneous flowers: wild flowers of various colors. Gradually: adverb, gradually. Desire: adverb, will, will. Charming eyes: dazzling. Shallow grass: Spring grass that just grows out of the ground and is not too high. Talent: Just right. No: yes, yes. ○ When you look at it in spring, it is full of flowers, tender and full of spring.
6. Insufficient travel: I never get tired of traveling. Yin and Yin are the same. Baisha dike: Today's Bai Causeway, also known as sand dike and broken bridge dike, existed on the east side of West Lake before the Tang Dynasty. The other is the Bai Causeway built by me when I was the secretariat of Hangzhou. ○ The poet walked around the lake from north to west, from south to east, and the poem finally turned to Bai Causeway.
poetic sentiment
From the north of Gushan Temple to Jiating West, the spring water on the lake just overlaps with the dike and white clouds and is connected with the waves on the lake.
Several early orioles scrambled to fly to the sunny tree, and the new swallows were nesting with spring mud in their mouths.
The flowery spring flowers gradually fascinated people's eyes, and the shallow spring grass just covered the horseshoe.
I like the beautiful scenery in the east of West Lake best. If I don't appreciate it enough, I will go to see the charming white sand embankment in Green Liu Xia.
Appreciation and analysis
A Spring Tour in Qiantang vividly depicts the beautiful scenery the poet saw when he strolled the West Lake in early spring. This is a hymn to the beautiful spring and the West Lake.
The first couple of this poem is always related to the lake. The first sentence points out the location of Qiantang Lake and the "uneven view of the building" around it. The use of two place names gives readers a sense of movement, indicating that the poet is walking and watching. The second sentence is written on the front: the lake is as beautiful as water: at the beginning of spring, the water surface is flush with the embankment, and the white clouds in the air are connected with the rippling water waves on the lake, which is a typical water state of Jiangnan Spring Lake. Swallows wear flowers and paste water, build nests with mud, and encourage people to start working in spring. The word "several places" sums up the attraction of Ying Ge and the poet's pattern of finding sounds around him. The question of "whose home" also shows the poet's delicate psychological activities, which makes readers have rich associations. Because it is early spring, it is not the season of flowers, so what can be seen is not yet. Use a word "chaos" to describe. Spring grass does not grow luxuriantly, only it is not as long as horseshoe, so use a word "shallow" to describe it. The "gradual desire" and "talent" in this couplet are the feelings and judgments of the poet's observation and appreciation, which make the objective natural scenery become the scenery in the eyes with the poet's subjective feelings and infect readers. These two couplets describe the West Lake in detail. Use chaos, shallowness and gradual desire to describe the flourishing trend of flowers and plants. This accurately and vividly reveals the early spring weather enjoyed by the poet while walking, giving people a fresh feeling. The former poet Xie Lingyun's phrase "Spring grass grows in the pond, and garden willows turn into songbirds" ("Going upstairs in the pond") is wonderful from ancient times to the present, precisely because he wrote the seasons. It's just that white poetry has spread more widely. The tail couplet briefly describes the poet's favorite beach on the east side of the lake. Bai Causeway runs through Qiantang River, to the east of the lake, and can command the victory of the whole lake. I saw the green poplar, the flat and slender white sand embankment lying in the blue waves, and the riders on the embankment were knitting and enjoying the beauty of spring. The poet was in it, enjoying the lakes and mountains, and was relaxed and happy. Use "line"
In the history of China, many famous people made history in this paradise. However, Bai Juyi and Su Dongpo, two great writers in the Tang and Song Dynasties, are the most famous. They not only left their achievements in Hangzhou for future generations to remember, but also circulated many poems describing the beauty of Hangzhou and its West Lake, so some people called them "romantic satrap". Bai Juyi's seven laws "Spring Tour in Qiantang River" is one of them. This poem not only depicts the charming spring scenery of the West Lake and the vitality of all things in the world under the bathing of spring scenery, but also brings out the poet's own state of mind intoxicated by this beautiful scenery, which makes people feel deeply infected and moved by the author's enthusiasm for spring and life while enjoying the intoxicating scenery of the West Lake.
The first sentence of the poem is the place, and the second sentence is the prospect. The lonely mountain is located between the back lake and the outer lake of the West Lake. There is a beautiful temple on the mountain. Jia Ting, also known as Jia Gongting, was recorded in Zhenyuan six years, when Jia Quan was appointed as a historian in Hangzhou. From 780 to 805 AD, when Bai Juyi wrote this poem, his pavilion was still there and it was also a scenic spot in the West Lake. Bai Juyi first came to the north of Gushan Temple and the west bank of Jiagongting. Looking around, I saw spring water rippling, white clouds drooping and lakes and mountains panoramic view. Chuping expresses Bai Juyi's unique feelings about the West Lake in spring. Because of continuity. It seems that the line of sight will be level with the line of sight. This feeling that the water surface is flush with the line of sight can only be felt by people facing the vast waters, and it is also a feeling that can only be written by people who have a deep understanding and love for the West Lake. At this moment, the calm water at the foot and the low-hanging cloud curtain in the sky constitute a quiet ink painting of the West Lake. When the poet was silently staring at the charm of the West Lake, which was as quiet as a virgin, there were ringing birds singing in his ears, which broke his meditation, so he looked away.
"Some early warblers compete for warm trees, and their new swallows peck at new mud. Flowers are more and more charming, and weeds can be without horseshoes. " These four sentences are the core part of Bai Juyi's poem, which is also the most striking sentence, and also the finishing touch of Bai's poems describing spring scenery, especially the spring scenery of the West Lake. In several places, it means several places or even many places. The oriole uses "early" to describe it. It reflects Bai Juyi's sincere love for these vibrant little lives: the oriole in the tree is busy grabbing the "warm tree" that first sees the sun in the morning, for fear that it will not catch up in a short time. The word "struggle" makes people feel that spring is rare and precious. I don't know whose swallow it is under the eaves. At this time, he was busy making a nest with mud, and used a word "peck" to describe the busy and excited swallow. It seems that swallows are alive, too. These two sentences deliberately describe the dynamics of Yingying Yanyan, which makes the whole poem full of vitality and vitality in spring. Orioles are recognized as spring singers, and listening to their euphemistic songs makes people feel the charm of spring; Swallows are migratory birds. They returned to their hometown with spring, busy rebuilding their homes and welcoming a new life. Watching them fly around building nests makes people feel the beauty of life even more.
After anthropomorphizing the birds in the sky, they are very clear and lovely, and often regard what is in front of them as something that others have never said. "(Tian Wen's Gu Huan Don Ji) The language of this poem is simple, fresh and natural, and carefully selected shots are written into the poem in a self-description way. Vivid images and touching scenes. From the early spring lake light with strong commercial atmosphere, it reflects the author's happy mood when swimming in the lake.