[Edit this paragraph] Literary thoughts
Necrasov's literary thoughts are mainly reflected in his series of poems. His main points are summarized as follows:
(1) advocates that literature and art should serve the great goals of the times.
Necrasov lived in an era of fierce struggle between supporters of "pure art" and "Nikolai Nikolai Gogol School" in Russian literary world. Necrasov clearly stood on the side of "Nikolai Nikolai Gogol School" (that is, critical realism) and proposed that literature should serve the great goal of the times. In the last few days of his life, he wrote: "Whoever serves the great goal of the times and devotes his life to fighting for human brothers is immortal ..." In a long poem written by 1876, the poet clearly pointed out his creative direction: "I didn't win glory for our nobles with my lyre ..." This sentence is true and noble. Indeed, although Necrasov made mistakes, he never dedicated his talents to the nobility and the bourgeoisie, that is, the ruling class. In Poets and Citizens, it is more clear that you must be a citizen, that is, a revolutionary, before you can become a real poet. Therefore, the theme of the people has become the basic theme of his poetry creation.
(2) Advocating that literature must describe the truth of Russian society.
Necrasov is a faithful successor to the tradition of Pushkin and Nikolai Nikolai Gogol. He is a citizen poet. He advocated exposing the greed and cruelty of rulers, revealing the inside story of bloody Russian reality and truly reappearing the suffering life of the Russian people. In a short poem written by 1858, he wrote: My poem! You are a living witness to this tearful world! You were born in an unfortunate era when brainstorming suddenly broke out. You hit people's hearts like waves hitting a cliff. In the poet's works, the muse is "the sad companion of the miserable poor". Muse guided him to "cross the dark abyss of violence and evil, labor and hunger", taught the poet to "feel his own pain" and wished the poet to "announce these pains to the world ..." Therefore, the poet took exposure and irony, accusation and protest as the purpose of his poetry creation.
(3) Advocate the unity of content and form.
Necrasov is a propaganda poet. However, while emphasizing the revolutionary ideological tendency of poetry, he attached great importance to the artistic form of poetry. The poet wrote in the poem "Form" (imitating Schiller): If you want to work hard on form, the style of the poem must be commensurate with the theme. Poetry is like casting silver coins. It should be rigorous and meticulous, so that every line of poetry is fluent. Adhere to the principle that only when the words are crowded can the mind be spacious. In order to better express the theme of the people, Necrasov made bold innovations in traditional poetry, and adopted folk songs that were suitable for the content and loved by farmers.
[Edit this paragraph] Social evaluation
Necrasov's poems are closely related to the Russian liberation movement, full of patriotism and civic responsibility. Many poems faithfully describe the life and feelings of the poor lower class people and Russian peasants, and are closely related to the political struggle at that time, so they are very ideological and combative, full of patriotism and civic responsibility. At the same time, he created a colloquial "civilian" poetic style. Poems describing the life of social hooligans and peasants represent the voices of millions of people and reflect the sufferings and aspirations of working people. He is known as the "people's poet", and his creation has had a great influence on Russian poetry and Soviet poetry. Therefore, Lenin thought that Necrasov was a faithful expression of the peasant revolution. Lenin once compared him with the outstanding satirist Shedelin: "Necrasov and Saltikoff once taught Russian society to realize the extortionate interests of land and taught people to hate this hypocrisy and ruthlessness through the so-called educated camouflage appearance of serfdom landlords." Lenin loved Necrasov's poems, and often quoted his poems to expose liberalism, Menshevism, abolitionism and social chauvinism, thus lashing his opponents more vividly and forcefully.