Sentence solution
Although the daylight in winter is shorter on the elemental scale, it is cold and snowy at the end of the world.
In winter, the days are getting shorter and shorter; On this cold night when the frost and snow are beginning to disperse, I wander around the world. The first couplet begins with running water, indicating time and environment. "The end of the year" refers to winter. "Yin and Yang" refers to the sun and the moon. Short scenery in winter, short days and long nights are the reasons for saying "short scenery", and the deep meaning here is short time. The verb "urge" vividly describes the decline of years and the long absence of guests, which makes people feel that time flies and the years are in a hurry. "Tianya", here refers to Kuizhou, also refers to being demoted to Tianya. The frost and snow stopped and dissipated. "Cold Night" Winter Night. In this cold winter night, when the frost and snow rest, the poets who have fallen all over the world can't help but feel a thousand emotions about this bleak and cold scene. This combination of real life and deep affection has laid a painful style for the whole poem.
Stark sounded the fifth watch, drums and horns rang, and stars and Tianhe danced on three mountains.
The sound of drums and horns from the fifth watch is tragic; The Three Gorges reflected the Milky Way Star and rippled with the river waves. Zhuan Xu inherited Cold Night and wrote what he saw and heard at night. "Drum horn" is the drum sound and horn used by the ancient army to tell the time and give orders. At that time, although the Anshi Rebellion had been put down for several years, there were wars everywhere. In ancient times, the night was divided into five watches, and the "five watches" were close to dawn. At this time, people are awake, and the sound of drums and horns is more tragic and moving. This highlights the atmosphere of non-stop troops, turbulent situation and frequent wars from the side. Although the Milky Way in the sky is spectacular, when it is reflected in the Xiajiang River, it presents a broken and uncertain scene because of the turbulent river, which seems to be somewhat similar to the poet's stormy life and the chaos of the current situation. These two sentences are desolate and vigorous in tone, forceful and beautiful in wording. In addition to the "great beauty" mentioned in Dongpo Zhi Lin, they also contain the poet's tragic and deep feelings. As Liu Chenweng said, "The third and fourth sentences are infinitely sad."
Ye Mengde's "Shi Lin Shi Hua" commented: "Seven words are hard to be vigorous and powerful, but they are powerful without losing the implication. Since Lao Du had a sentence like "Jinjiang spring comes to heaven and earth, like a cloud of jade peaks, between ancient and modern times" and "Stark sings the drums and blows the horn, and the Three Gorges River moves", he often hates those who have no successors.
Wild cries and smells of war, I saw savage fishermen and woodcutters at dawn.
In the cry of many families in the wilderness, the news of war came; Only a few foreign songs sung by fisherman Geoff still reveal the voice of life. The couplets on the neck are what I heard before dawn, which truly engraves the remote and desolate scene of Kuizhou. "Wild Cry" and "Exotic Songs" are both contemporary and local. For this poet who cares about the country and the people, these two voices make him feel sad. A few, a thousand. "Crushing war" refers to the scuffle between warlords such as Guo Yingai and Yang Zilin from the first year of Yongtai in Shu. "Yi Song" refers to the ballads of ethnic minorities in Sichuan.
Sleeping dragons and galloping horses are not generals now. They are dust. Be quiet for a while. Oh, the noise of the world. ..
Zhuge Liang, like Gongsun Shu, finally belongs to loess; Personnel changes, music books cut off, people feel lonely and bored, but what is this? Man, whatever. "Wolong" means Zhuge Liang. "The prancing horse" refers to Gongsun Shu. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Gongsun Shu took advantage of chaos to occupy Shu, calling himself the White Emperor. Here, Du Fu in Zuo Si Shu means "Gongsun Sheng leaps to be the emperor", and Zhuge Liang and Gongsun Shu both live in Kuizhou. The couplet seems to be self-indulgent, but in fact it has the poet's in-depth thinking, just like Lu Shi? It is said: "When you read between the lines, you have infinite thoughts when you are sad." The poet doesn't just describe the wars he has written many times in general, but puts the current turmoil in a deeper and broader historical background to think about. From ancient times to the present, no matter how virtuous and loyal you are, you will eventually return to the loess; No matter how long the war lasts, it will end; No matter how much life is destroyed, it will always continue. As the poem says, although there is "wild crying", we also smell "foreign songs".
Comments and explanations
The first four sentences of this poem are about the scene of pavilion night, and the last four sentences are about the affair of pavilion night. The analysis of "Tang Poetry Pronunciation" said: "The whole poem is tragic and generous, and there are all improper things. China and Erlian will have a bright future, and the first one will stand out from the ages. The joys and sorrows of the second couplet are all prospects, but people are not. The knot masturbates loyalty and rebellion, but the syllable is still graceful. "
The whole poem is intense and sad, and the weather is magnificent and broad. Around the theme, the poet described what he saw, heard and felt in Xiting from several important aspects, from the cold night to the noise of gongs and drums, from the milky way in the sky to the waves on the river, from the mountains and rivers to the people in the war, from the present reality to the Millennium, from heaven and earth to ancient and modern times. In the Ming Dynasty, Hu Yinglin wrote a poem "Qi covers the universe like a hero, and the law is not refined", calling it "the master of Lao Du's seven-character method" and "the ancestor of the seven-character method". Du Shijie praised this poem as "gloomy and pithy, and repeated chanting makes people feel excited a hundred times".