Prose is mainly divided into narrative prose, lyric prose and philosophical prose.
Modern prose
Refers to a literary style on an equal footing with poetry, novels and plays. It is characterized by expressing the author's views and feelings and revealing its social significance through the description of some fragments or life events in real life, which can be processed and created on the basis of real people and things; It doesn't necessarily have complete stories and characters, but focuses on expressing the author's feelings about life, with flexible selection of materials and strong lyricism. The "I" in prose is usually the author himself; Language is not limited by rhythm, and its forms of expression are diverse. It can be combined with narration, discussion, lyricism and description, or it can be emphasized. According to the needs of content and theme, we can create a certain artistic conception by describing typical details in life, describing images, depicting psychology, rendering the environment and setting off the atmosphere. Such as in novels, and use artistic techniques, such as symbols in poetry. Prose has many forms, such as essays, short comments, sketches, close-ups, travel notes, newsletters, letters, diaries, memoirs and so on. In a word, prose is short in length, free in form, widely used, flexible in writing and beautiful in language, which can quickly reflect life and is deeply loved by people.
The definition of modern prose refers to a literary genre that is juxtaposed with novels, poems and plays, and has broad and narrow understandings. Prose in a broad sense refers to all literary prose except poetry, novels and dramas. In addition to discussing lyric prose, it also includes communication, reportage, essays, memoirs, biographies and other styles. With the development of writing discipline, many styles stand on their own feet, and the scope of prose is shrinking day by day. Prose in a narrow sense refers to literary prose, which is a kind of literary style mainly based on narration or lyric, with extensive materials, flexible brushwork, short length and rich love for literature. According to the content and nature of prose, it can be divided into the following categories:
(1) Narrative Prose
Prose is mainly about writing people's notes. This kind of prose gives a concrete and outstanding description and portrayal of people and things, expresses the author's understanding and feelings at the same time, and also has a strong lyrical component, with full feelings between the lines. Narrative prose focuses on reflecting the essence of things from the development and changes of narrative characters and events, with factors such as time, place, characters and events, selecting themes from one angle and expressing the author's thoughts and feelings. For example, Mr Fujino by Lu Xun, Remember a Spinning Wheel by Wu Boxiao, and Remember Mother by Zhu De. According to the different emphases of this kind of prose, it can be divided into note prose and writer prose. Notes-based prose takes the development of events as a clue and emphasizes the narrative nature of events. It can be a story with a beginning and an end, such as "Peanut" by Xu Dishan, or it can be several fragments, such as "From Baicaoyuan to Santan Yinyue" by Lu Xun. The author's sincere feelings are poured into the narrative, which is the most remarkable difference from the novel narrative. People-oriented prose, the whole article is people-centered. It often grasps the character characteristics of the characters, makes a rough outline, and emphasizes the basic temperament, personality and mental outlook of the characters, such as Mr. Fujino in Lu Xun's works. Whether the characters are real or not is the difference between them and novels.
(2) Lyric prose
Prose that focuses on expressing the author's thoughts and feelings. Moonlight on the Lotus Pond in Zhao Xinjian
This kind of prose narrates and describes specific things, but usually it doesn't run through the whole story. Its outstanding feature is strong lyricism. It is either straightforward or touching, full of poetry and painting, even if it describes natural scenery, it also gives profound social content and thoughts and feelings. Excellent lyric prose has sincere feelings and vivid language, and often uses symbols and analogies to visualize ideas, which has strong artistic appeal. For example, Mao Dun's Praise of Poplar, Wei Wei's Farewell, Zhu Ziqing's Moonlight on the Lotus Pond and Bing Xin's Praise of Cherry Blossoms.
(3) Writing landscape prose
Prose mainly depicting scenery. Most of these articles express their feelings while describing the scenery, or express their feelings through the scenery, or indulge in the scenery, grasp the characteristics of the scenery, use the method of changing the scenery in the order of spatial transformation, and take the observed changes as the context of the full text. Vivid scenery description can not only explain the background and render the atmosphere, but also set off the thoughts and feelings of the characters and better express the theme. For example, Liu's Three Gorges of the Yangtze River.
(4) Philosophical prose
Philosophy is the understanding of feelings, the spark of thoughts, the condensation of thoughts and the crystallization of wisdom. It runs through ancient and modern times, across China and foreign countries, embraces the world, penetrates the society of life, stays in the parents of life and flashes in the field of thinking. Smart authors are good at grasping the flash of philosophy and writing rich and thought-provoking beautiful articles in the form of pen and ink. Reciting such beautiful prose often can naturally be enlightened, edified, baptized and sublimated in a subtle way. This internalization is undoubtedly great. Philosophical prose participates in the truth of life with various images, thus revealing the eternal similarity between all things. Because of its profundity and spiritual penetration, it gives us a shocking aesthetic effect of penetrating into the essence through phenomena and revealing the inside story and thoughts of things. Grasp the way of thinking embodied in philosophical prose and experience the profound cultural connotation and accumulation contained in philosophical prose. 1. Symbolic thinking in philosophical prose: Philosophical prose constitutes a symbolic expression of ontology, because it transcends the meaning of daily experience and its own natural physical attributes. It abandons shallowness, but reaches the state of empathy with people's thoughts and resonance with life and gas field. We get rational awakening and carefree spirit from symbols, from the peace of mind to the tremor of the soul, which goes beyond the general emotional response and stays at the top of the spirit. 2. Associative thinking of philosophical prose: Because philosophical prose is a three-dimensional and comprehensive thinking system, after association, the connotation of the article is richer, not thin, and nature, society and life are integrated. 3. Emotional thinking of philosophical prose: Philosophical prose is essentially a dependence of ideological expression on emotion. Because the author has emotional participation in the process of understanding life, and the result of understanding is the fusion of emotion and imagination, the thoughts in philosophical prose are not ordinary dry discussions, but thoughts containing life emotions and full of aesthetic emotional juice. Read the depth of the soul from between the lines of philosophical prose and understand the original meaning of life. This is the artistic beauty of philosophical prose.
Prose should grasp the clues, clarify the author's thoughts and accurately grasp the intention of the article. Structure is the skeleton of the article, and clues are the context of the article, which are closely related. Grasping the clues in prose can help us have a clear idea of the work, which is not only helpful to understand the author's writing intention, but also an appreciation of the author's planning and layout skills, so as to grasp the vivid essence of prose through the appearance of prose, and analyze the intention of the article along the author's thinking. There are usually the following clues: (1) Take the image of things as a clue, such as Ba Jin's Lamp; (2) Taking emotional development as a clue, such as Yang Shuo's "Litchi Honey"; (3) Taking time sequence as a clue, such as Liu's Three Diaries of the Yangtze River; (4) Taking spatial order as a clue, such as Zhu Ziqing's green; 5] Take the activities of characters as clues, such as Lu Xun's "From Baicaoyuan to San Tan Yin Yue"; (6) Take things as clues, such as Tang Tao's "trivial memories".
Understanding emotional skills is to find out the writing skills of lyric prose, which is also the "expression skills of appreciating works" required by the College Entrance Examination Center. Therefore, mastering the skills of rendering, bedding, symbolism, bedding, caring, suspense, setting off and transition is conducive to appreciating prose and grasping the essence of American literature. Prose (narrative prose, lyric prose, discussion prose) 1. Grasp the "clue" of the article. Second, we should grasp the "literary eye" of prose. "Yan Wen" refers to the sentence or keyword that can best reveal the theme, sublimate the artistic conception and cover the content. It is the eruption of the author's thoughts and feelings, the focus of the article's thoughts and feelings, and also plays a leading role in the structure of the article. Third, we should use imagination to understand the connotation of the work. Reading prose needs imagination, association and supplement. Combine your own imagination with the author's imagination, enrich the artistic conception and image of the work, and fill the structural space in the text. Fourth, we should understand the artistic conception of prose. Artistic conception is that the author expresses profound thoughts and touching feelings through vivid pictures, so as to achieve the fusion of feelings and things, the interweaving of meaning and scenery, thus causing readers' association and producing touching artistic effects. 1, emotion and scene blend. 2. Application of imagination, association and symbol. 3. Write down the details and see the big picture from the small. 4. Side tips. Fifth, we should carefully taste the language of prose. (Analysis from rhetorical methods or expressions) 1. Taste the simple and natural beauty of prose language. 2. Taste the implicit beauty of prose language. 3. Prose language is full of musical beauty and poetry. 6. Prose features: "shape" (object) is scattered while "spirit" (heart) is not scattered. 6. From the angle described by the author (hearing, sight, smell, taste and touch).
Narrative prose mode
begin
(1) Emotional language describes "me" and ordinary people, focusing on the back and introducing people, such as portrait description. (2) The relationship between them and the discussion of people's spiritual characteristics.
middle
One situation: one thing. Detailed description and explanation from the beginning, development to the end. Another situation: several things. Everything, that is, before every level, can start with a factor of this person's spiritual characteristics, and run through several things with his emotional experience and overall discussion.
final result
(1) Reaffirm the characteristics and take care of the beginning. (2) deepen the emotional relationship and send out feelings.
Lyric prose mode
begin
(1) describe their relationship with the scenery. (2) Talk about the scenery and yourself.
middle
(1) describe the scenery, distinct, detailed and moving. 2 play Lenovo.
final result
sigh with emotion
Writing prose should start with small fragments, and read more good prose, such as "Morning Flowers and Evening Grass" (a collection of prose poems), Lao She's prose author's brief introduction and work catalogue, and some thoughts. Appreciating Baotu Spring is used to get money. 2. hurry 3. Singing 4. Qinhuai river in the twilight. 5. Traces of Wenzhou. 6. Page 7. Navigation Plum Blossom > Postscript 1 1, Bai Chiyou's favorite 12, Huai Weipeng 13, Ahe 14, Heir 15, in memory of Wei Jiesan. Gone with the wind 18, telling dreams 19, Cai Bai 20, sea miscellanies 2 1, a letter.