The influence of classical poetry and music on contemporary lyrics creation
Through the investigation of popular songs since the 1930s, the study of classical poetry, and the analysis of the intrinsic relationship between classical poetry and contemporary songs, Understand the charm of classical poetry and appreciate the breadth and depth of Chinese national culture.
1. The origin, development and characteristics of Tang poetry, Song lyrics, Yuan opera and contemporary lyrics
(1) Tang poetry: China is a country of poetry. Poetry can be roughly divided into two categories: one is non-metrical poetry or ancient poetry, such as "The Book of Songs", "Chu Ci", etc.; the other is metrical poetry. In a poem, each sentence uses the rhythm and rhyme of the words. The fourth and fourth sentences and the fifth and sixth sentences should be opposed respectively. The economic development of the Tang Empire will inevitably lead to the prosperity of culture. The integration of various nationalities in the country and the increasingly frequent international cultural exchanges have made the lives of all classes and strata richer and more complex, providing a variety of multi-organized nourishment and materials for poetry creation. The imperial examination system for selecting talents formulated and implemented by the Tang Empire focused on poetry. This mechanism also directly promoted the creation of poetry.
Characteristics of Tang poetry: Tang poetry follows the palace style in form, emphasis on tones, official matters, and content. Different periods have different melodies, which may be impassioned, lingering, melodious, heroic, or affectionate.
(2) Song Ci: It is the result of the transformation of the Book of Songs and Wei Yuefu and the continuous development of modern poetry in the Tang Dynasty. The biggest difference between lyrics and poems is that poems are composed of neat five or seven words (qiyan), while words are composed of long and short sentences (miscellaneous words), and the "words" of long and short sentences are filled in according to the rhythm of the music. This is how "word" came into being. The mature and prosperous period of Song poetry was the highest peak of poetry creation, with both quantity and quality reaching their peak. Song Ci is generally recognized and loved by people from all walks of life. Ci has been deeply rooted in the fertile cultural soil of the broad masses of the people, has achieved unprecedented development, and has become a representative of literary styles in a historical period.
Characteristics of Song Ci: It is a new style of poetry that can be sung to music and pay attention to rhythm. It includes three elements: Yan music, folk songs, and modern poetry rhythm. It is a new literary form with high musicality, rhythmic beauty and a strong flavor of life. Ci and poetry are closely related. Ci can be divided into two genres: bold and graceful.
(3) Yuan Opera: Li Tiaoyuan of the Qing Dynasty's "Yucun Opera" quotes "Xiansuo Bianyi" and says: "Three hundred poems are transformed into poems, poems are transformed into lyrics, and lyrics are transformed into music ", "Qu Zao" written by Wang Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty also said: "The lyrics are not fast to the north ear, and then there is the north tune, and the north tune is not harmonious to the south ear, and then there is the south tune." This explains the origin of the tune. The main difference between music and lyrics is that the number of words in poetry is limited, while the number of words in music is variable, and the rhyme of words generally follows the rhyme of poetry. In the early stage, it was mainly composed by literati and dramatists. In the later stage, professional Sanqu writers emerged, who played an important role in making the music world more colorful. Yuan Sanqu can be divided into two major schools: bold and elegant.
Characteristics of Yuan opera: Yuan opera has dense rhyme, sometimes retaining the rhyme of each sentence, or even the rhyme within the sentence, while at the same time the Yuan opera is smooth and oblique. Yuan operas can be added with lining characters, especially the suites, which have many lining characters. If the regular characters and lining characters are not distinguished, the sentence structure, level, and oblique characters of the work will not be distinguishable.
(4) Contemporary songs: Modern songs are based on ancient poems, lyrics and music, integrating national politics, economy, culture, humanities, geography, customs and customs; integrating scenes, events and objects, As the source of words, it is then paired with music to form a unique and beautiful complex of words, words and music with a modern flavor.
Characteristics of contemporary songs: There are different lyrics and music in different periods, with more political, cultural and artistic colors. In certain periods, political overtones are particularly prominent. The lyrics and music are not limited to form, and there are no strict rhyme requirements for the basic points.
2. Look at the influence of poetry, lyrics and music on contemporary lyric creation from different angles:
1. The lyrics of Anita Mui's "Moonlight Before the Bed" are completely quoted from "Silent Night Thoughts"
2. "Beside the Water" by Teresa Teng: "The green grass is green and the white dew is blurry. There is a beautiful woman who lives by the water. The green grass is luxuriant and the white dew is blurry.
The beautiful woman lives by the water. ” is a direct quote from the Book of Songs.
3. Mao Ning's "The Sound of the Waves Remains": Take away a fishing fire, let it warm my eyes, leave a piece of true love, and let it
moor by the Maple Bridge... The moon sets and the crows cry, it is always the wind and frost of thousands of years, and the sound of the waves is still missing from the night..."
Tang poem: "Night Mooring on the Maple Bridge": The moon sets, the crows crow, and the sky is covered with frost, and the rivers, maples, and fishing fires face melancholy.
Hanshan Temple outside Suzhou City, the midnight bell rings to the passenger ship.
It may be quoted indirectly, that is, some words and phrases may be changed, or the meaning may be similar to that of classical poetry. , lyrics, music and contemporary songs all come from life. Whether they are poems, lyrics, music or modern songs of the past, their themes are all based on life.
1. Friendship
Yuan Dynasty Song: "Double Tune. Indulge in the East Wind" by Guan Hanqing: The world is so close, the moon is missing, and the flowers are flying. Farewell cup, farewell
The last words of "take care" are so painful that people can't bear to leave. . Those who go well will have a bright future.
Contemporary song: "Camel Bell": I send my comrades off on the journey, and the sound of camel bells rings in my ears in silence. The road is long and foggy, and the revolutionary life is often separated. Two feelings. Comrade-in-arms, comrade-in-arms, dear brother, beware of the cold wind at night, and take care of yourself along the way. I express my heartfelt instructions and blessings to my friends.
2. Family love
(1) Feeling homesick after borrowing the moon
Meng Haoran's "Staying in Tonglu River and sending an old trip to Guangling": The mountain is dark and the ape is sad, and the Cangjiang River is anxious. Night flow. The wind rumbles the leaves on both sides of the bank, and the moon shines on a lonely boat. Jiande is not my homeland, but we should reminisce about old travels. I will also send two lines of tears to the west of the sea.
"Su Jiande River": The sky is open and the trees are low, the river is clear and the moon is close to the people.
Li Bai's "Quiet Night Thoughts": The bright moonlight in front of the bed is suspected to be frost on the ground. Raise your head to look at the bright moon, lower your head to think about your hometown.
Contemporary song: "Looking Hometown": "Walking by the river at sunset, looking up at the sky. The smoke from the kitchen stove brings homesickness. How many times have I missed you day and night, and the clear river water is my tears. . The bright moonlight outside the window reflects on my face. The moon is like the health of my relatives in my hometown; I am holding a glass of local wine to accompany you, whether I am in a foreign country or far away."
Classical words and songs all use "moon." ” This thing bully expresses the emotion of homesickness.
(2) Borrowing things to feel homesick
Yuan Dynasty song: "Xian Lu. Flower Appreciation Time": A group of people enter the screen tent, the bamboo fence is patched with moss, the wall is broken, the firewood door is broken, and a broken net is hung. A few thatched huts, a pole swaying in the wind, hold the Yangtze River.
"Yue Diao. Tian Jing Sha" Autumn Thoughts: Withered vines and old trees, dim crows, small bridges and flowing water, people's houses, west wind and thin horses on the ancient roads. The sun sets in the west, and the heartbroken people are at the end of the world.
Song lyrics: "Su Mu Zhe" (Fan Zhongyan): The blue sky is moving, the yellow leaves are on the ground, the autumn colors are in waves, and the cold smoke is green on the waves. The mountains reflect the setting sun, the sky meets the water, and the fragrant grass is ruthless, even outside the setting sun. The soul of the dark country, chasing the travel thoughts, unless every night, good dreams leave people to sleep. The Mingyue Tower is high and I am leaning against it alone. The wine enters the sad heart and turns into tears of lovesickness.
Contemporary song: "Looking Hometown": "Walking by the river at sunset, looking up at the sky. The smoke from the kitchen stove brings homesickness. How many times have I missed you day and night, and the clear river water is my tears. . The bright moonlight outside the window reflects on my face. The moon is like the health of my relatives in my hometown; I hold a glass of local wine to accompany you, whether I am in a foreign country or far away."
Poems and songs express emotions. , most of them rely on physical images to describe bamboo fences, moss walls, broken nets, huts, and wind in "Xianlu. Flower Appreciation Time"; in "Su Muzhe" to describe blue sky, white clouds, water waves, setting sun, etc.; in "Wangxiang" to describe the setting sun, The sky, smoke, and river water are used to express emotions.
(3) Homesickness on specific festivals
Yuan Opera: "Shuang Tiao. She Gui Ling" on the 9th: Qingshan Qiangsheng Wusha, returning to Yan Hengqiu, tired guests miss home. The green sleeves are attentive, the golden cups are scattered with flowers and flowing water, and the jade hands are playing the pipa. When people grow old, their hair turns gray in the west wind, and when butterflies come and go, their flowers turn gray. Looking back at the end of the world, there is a touch of the setting sun and a few jackdaws.
Tang poetry: "Remembering Shandong Brothers on September 9th": Alone as a stranger in a foreign land, I miss my relatives even more during the festive season. I know from afar that when my brothers climbed to a high place, there was only one less person planting dogwood trees.
Contemporary songs: "Wine on September 9th" and "Ninety-Nine Women's Red"
The above are all examples of homesickness on specific festivals.
(4) Using the moon as a metaphor for the heart
"Bodhicitta Treatise": The original mind according to the wind is clear and pure, just like the full moon, the light fills the sky.
"Achieve Bodhicitta": Like the full moon wheel shining brightly on the chest.
A poem called "Water Moon" written by Jiao Ran, a poet from the Tang Dynasty: Looking up at the pool every night, I sit by the moon in Zen. There is no color to be desired, but the bright and pure meaning is difficult to convey. If it is hollow, it will be as long as a shadow and perfectly round.
Contemporary song: "The Moon Represents My Heart": You ask me how much I love you, how much I love you, my feelings are unwavering, my love remains unchanged, the moon represents me heart. Using the moon as a metaphor for the heart is a commonly used metaphor among Buddhists. In Zen theory, the moon is often used as the object to "prove the mind." "The Moon Represents My Heart" also uses the moon as a metaphor for the heart, which is a sufficient example.
In short, there are many forms of expression in content, such as love chapters that express longing for lovers, documentary chapters that describe war scenes, lyrical chapters that promote the beautiful mountains and rivers of the motherland, etc. Songs either directly quote poems or indirectly quote them, that is, they change some of the poems, or express the same meaning as the poems. The charm contained in classical poetry lies in its ability to inspire modern people's creative inspiration and re-inject vitality into poetry.
(2) Form:
1. Parallelism: Yuan Opera: A pool of autumn water spreads all night, and a morning cloud hangs in the sky.
Contemporary song: "The green mountains are closely connected, and white clouds surround the mountains. The terraces are green, and the songs are carried by the wind."
2. Overlapping words: The Book of Songs: "Yao Yao Han Mountain Road": Yao Yao Han Mountain Road, Luo Luo Lengjian Bin. There are always birds chirping, but there is no one in silence.
Yuan Dynasty Song: "Farewell Love": The distant mountains are looming, flying clouds are rolling, and the drunken men are drunk. The fragrance comes in bursts, and the evening rain falls one after another.
"Immediate Matter": Orioles and swallows come in spring, flowers and willows are real. Everything is charming, delicate and tender, and everyone is still there.
Song Dynasty poem "Qu Yu Guan": Yao Yao Shen Jing, Ying Ying Ying fairy, don't come to the Jinzi, it will be difficult to meet. The broken goose has no basis, and slowly and perfectly flies down to Tingzhou, thinking for a long time.
Contemporary song: "Seeing Flowers in the Smoke": "Let me see this chaos clearly, clearly and truly."
3. Overlapping rhyme:
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Bai Juyi's "Song of Love": Bian water flow, Si water flow, flowing to the ancient ferry of Guazhou, Wushan is a little sad. I miss you for a long time, I hate you for a long time, I hate it until I return home, and I lean on the building under the bright moon.
Contemporary song "Er Quan Yin": "The wind is lingering, the clouds are lingering, the miserable years are flowing on the strings, flowing on the strings. Hate is lingering, resentment is lingering, and I am walking on the path full of injustice. , Walking on the small road, the rain in Wuxi is a puzzling sorrow on your shoulders. Walking on the small road full of injustice, the spring in Huishan is a song of sorrow in your hands."
4. Antithesis (Dual):
Wu Wenying's "Walking in the Sand": The jade cage is moistened with raw silk, the sandalwood is leaning on the fan, and the countryside still has a faint fragrance of fat.
Contemporary song "Counting the Heroes Still Young": "Looking at the Great Wall inside and outside, there is nothing but vastness; the river up and down suddenly stops flowing."
5. Lining words:
Yuan song: "Tao Qing": Brother, who knows the truth of immortality?
"On the West Lake" (Drunk Lady): It's so shameless to be drunk, but it's so shameless to be really paid!
Contemporary song "Mass Production": "The People's Liberation Army Yama Huhe, Mass Production Yama Huhe!"
"Qinghai-Tibet Plateau": "Yalasuo, hey, who is it?" Bringing the call of ancient times...Yalasuo, Yalasuo, that's Yalasuo."
Conclusion: Both classical poetry and contemporary songs use parallelism, overlapping words, overlapping rhymes, and antithesis. Lining words and other techniques to enhance the expressive effect of language.
6. Bixing (a word that introduces other things at the beginning to cause chanting):
The Book of Songs: "Meng": "When the mulberry leaves are falling, their leaves are like silk. In sighing The dove is here, and there is no mulberry to eat."
The mulberry leaves are tender and beautiful, warning the turtle dove not to be greedy, and by extension, the woman wants to indulge in love and cannot extricate herself.
Contemporary song: "When the sky is not windy and it is not raining, there is sun in the sky": "When it is not windy and it is not raining, there is sun in the sky..." The same technique is used by Bixing.
7. Paragraphs:
8. The content, phonology and the ideological and artistic conception expressed in the upper and lower sections of "The Book of Songs" and Song Ci are generally similar.
Contemporary song "I Wish to Be a Little Swallow": I wish to be a little swallow, flying to your side every day. Facing the slight warm breeze, it will bring you infinite spring. I wish to be a little swallow, flying to your side every day. With the love in my heart, I can tell you a thousand words.
I wish to be a little swallow, flying to your side every day. Let’s spread our wings among the colorful clouds together towards a better future.
This repetitive chanting of classical poetry is similar to the form commonly used in songs.
In addition, personification, metaphor, lyricism and other forms of expression in classical poetry and music are also the source and basis of contemporary lyric creation and are widely circulated.
(3) Tone and Filling of Words
When the music score of words still exists, the author must write a word according to a tone (song score), and then according to its influence on the pronunciation of words and sentences. It is required to have lyrics, so that the created songs can harmonize with the rhythm and can be sung. The same tune is "Niannujiao", but the lyrics of the soundtrack are different. It is only required to meet the requirements of the music score, to be sung beautifully, and to add to the music. Lining words can also be added appropriately. Therefore, when different people fill in the words for the same musical score, the words and sentences are flexible. For example, the progressive song "Graduation Song" in the 1930s had twenty-one original lyrics, using Jiangyang rhyme. In the 1970s, someone re-wrote the lyrics based on the original score of "Graduation Song", and new lyrics were also used. ***Twenty-one sentences are written in Jiangyang rhyme, and most of the sentences are missing two words. It can be seen that the lyrics are written according to the score, and there is a certain degree of freedom in the addition and deletion of words and sentences. The phenomenon of "one tune and several styles" in Song lyrics is still very common in songs.
In short, both classical poetry and contemporary songs are imprinted with local humanistic characteristics, and poetry has a subtle influence on songs. From this relationship, we can extrapolate the influence of ancient culture on modern culture.
In modern society, Chinese and Western cultures, and the cultures of various ethnic groups continue to progress under the influence of each other. The reason why the cultures of different places are different is that they are affected by the different cultural heritage of each place. This influence is not only related to people's production and life at that time, but also the essence of the thoughts of ancient political writers and the inventions and creations of scientists, which has continued to influence the present. It can be seen that my country’s ancient culture is profound, profound and has strong vitality.
Pavarotti and other three tenor singers held concerts in the Forbidden City in Beijing. They not only yearned for the Forbidden City itself, but more importantly, they yearned for the Chinese national culture and Chinese civilization. Foreigners have such high enthusiasm for Chinese traditional culture, so as a Chinese, do we have the responsibility to inherit and carry forward these remote cultures?
2. Activities
Studying the influence of ancient poetry and music on contemporary songs is our first exploration. We learned a lot of knowledge during this process, which enhanced our ability to discover, research and discuss issues, and increased our interest in language learning. At the same time, during the research process, due to the limitations of our knowledge, some materials have not been accumulated enough, the analysis problems are not deep enough, the connection between some ideas and content is relatively blunt, and the organization ability and writing ability of the materials need to be improved. In future studies, we must focus on further expanding the scope of knowledge and strengthening cultural recuperation. This is our biggest gain from this study.
Attachment:
According to statistical research, 97 Tang poems, more than 80 Song lyrics, 73 Yuan operas, more than 10 poetry classics, and 7 kinds of Ci and Qupai are included.
Bibliography: "Dictionary of Appreciation of Tang Poems", "Collection of Ci Poems from Past Dynasties", "Classical Poetry", "Essentials of Rhythm and Rhythm for Poetry", "Three Hundred Yuan Songs", "Three Hundred Song Ci Poems", "The Book of Songs" "Complete Translation" and other poetry books, "National Songs Everyone Sings", "Teresa Teng Memorial Collection" and other CDs and VCDs.