On the Teaching Principles of Poetry Appreciation

In the Book of History, it is said: "Poetry expresses ambition, but songs do not say things". Liu Xie said: "It is human nature that people have seven emotions, things to respond to, things to feel, and aspirations to sing." Zhong Rong even lamented that "moving heaven and earth, feeling ghosts and gods, not approaching poetry", which shows that poetry has a long history in China and occupies an important position in the history of literature. Students recite Tang poetry and Song poetry from childhood and are deeply impressed by the beauty of classical poetry. In high school, poetry teaching is often neglected because of the analysis of big articles, let alone systematic poetry appreciation teaching.

In recent years, the proportion of poetry appreciation questions in college entrance examination is increasing, especially the difficulty of poetry appreciation questions is rising, which puts forward an urgent task for our high school Chinese teaching-strengthening poetry appreciation teaching. After exploring and summarizing in recent years, I want to talk about some ideas on the teaching of poetry appreciation.

Jiangshan has produced many talents for hundreds of years.

-Principle 1: Step by step.

Teaching is a step-by-step process, and poetry appreciation teaching is no exception. China is a country of poetry, so it is impossible to absorb such excellent poems as Wang Yang Sea. If you concentrate on assault training, it often has little effect. Then, the best way is to follow the principle of gradual progress.

Yan Yu said in Cang Shi Lang Dialect: "Those who study poetry should focus on learning, and their entries must be correct; Taking the Han, Wei, Jin and Tang Dynasties as a teacher, "it is brewed in the chest and naturally realized for a long time." Yan Yu's words provide us with a reference for the teaching of poetry appreciation: "Getting started must be correct", choosing famous works, "brewing in the chest, realizing naturally after a long time", which just illustrates the teaching principle of poetry appreciation step by step.

Accordingly, I compiled a three-year training plan for poetry appreciation teaching: three years in high school, except for comprehensive review in the first half of the college entrance examination, each half semester is a cycle, and one cycle revolves around a special topic, such as introducing poetry knowledge and famous works of Han, Wei and Six Dynasties in the first semester of senior one; Next semester is the essence of Tang poetry; Senior two, last semester was Song Poetry "Drunk Shadow", and next semester is Yuanqu. Senior three is the appreciation of modern poetry. Let the students bathe in the sunshine of the poetry kingdom all the time, so as to influence the literary accomplishment, completely abandon the influence of vulgar romance novels and cartoons in society, and let the students be infected with the beauty of poetry (Liu Xizai), which is "flowers and birds are lingering, clouds and thunder are working hard, strings and springs are choking, and the snow and moon are shining on people".

After designing the three-year plan, we can use the morning self-study time to write a poem appreciation exercise, including word explanation, artistic skill appreciation, poet's life and introduction of famous works. The teacher spoke vividly and the students were full of interest in learning. A set of comprehensive exercises is compiled at the end of each semester to test the teaching effect and understand the students' gains and losses.

Putting pen to paper scares the wind and rain, and poetry becomes a crying ghost.

-Principle 2: Pay attention to the perception of poetic artistic conception.

In the appreciation and analysis of poetry, we should firmly grasp two words: artistic conception. The "artistic conception" has been analyzed in middle school Chinese textbooks, and teachers should further expand students' horizons on this basis.

Liang Qichao said: "People who live in the environment are all created by heart. Everything is illusory, but the environment created by the heart is real. " What is artistic conception? Liang Qichao said it more abstractly, and Wang Guowei analyzed it more concretely: "The word takes the realm as the top. If there is a realm, it will be self-contained and have its own famous sentences. " Then, for example, "I asked the flowers in tears, and the flowers flew over the swing." "It's like a lonely pavilion in spring and a cuckoo falling in the sunset." I have my own situation. "There is no place for me to' pick chrysanthemums under the east fence and see Nanshan leisurely' and' the cold wave starts and white clouds float down'. "Whether Liang Qichao's" mind-made realm "or Wang Guowei's" with me "and" without me ",in fact, in the final analysis, it is nothing more than an artistic realm created by combining scenes. This realm is the poet's profound observation and understanding of life, the subtle exploration of the true meaning of life, the pity for people's suffering, and the affinity and melting of natural scenery. This artistic realm depends on teachers' emotional analysis and students' absorbed understanding.