Shu Huyin's wall⑴
One of them
The eaves are long and swept clean without moss⑵, and the flowers and trees are planted by hand⑶.
A river of water protects the fields and surrounds them with greenery (4), and two mountains with rows of gates bring greenery to them (5).
Second
The mulberry strips and neem flowers are numerous in the desert (6), and the wind collects the lingering fragrance and darkens the wall.
The yellow bird sings several times in the afternoon dream, and it is still suspected that it belongs to the mountain garden. [1]
2 Annotated Translation
Annotations of Words and Sentences
⑴Book: writing, inscribing poems. Mr. Huyin: His real name is Yang Defeng, a reclusive man. He was Wang Anshi’s neighbor when he lived in Zijin Mountain, Jinling (now Nanjing, Jiangsu Province) in his later years.
⑵Thatched eaves: under the eaves of thatched house, here refers to the courtyard. No moss: no moss.
⑶ Chengqi (qí): into ridges and rows. Qi: A patch of cultivated field.
⑷Guardian: This refers to the guards surrounding the garden.
⑸ Paidao (tà): open the door. 闼: small door. Send green: send green. [1] [2]
(6) neem (liàn) flower: The neem flower in "Twenty-Four Flower Letters" refers to the neem flower that is common in the north.
Vernacular translation
The courtyard of the thatched house is often cleaned, and it is so clean that there is no trace of moss. Flowers, plants and trees are arranged in rows and ridges, all planted by the owner himself. A small river outside the courtyard protects and surrounds the farmland; two mountains open the door to bring green to people.
The mulberry branches are lush and the neem flowers are also very prosperous. The breeze carries the lingering fragrance of neem flowers quietly across the wall. A few crisp cries of the oriole woke me up from my nap. When I woke up from the dream, I felt as if I was still in the mid-level garden where I used to live. [1] [2]
First translation
Everything under the thatched eaves is clean and pleasant. That is because the owner cleans it frequently, so there is no moss in sight. The flowers, plants, trees and leaves that fill the border come from the owner’s careful cultivation. A silver ribbon of water surrounds this piece of green. The green mountains outside the door seem to be rushing towards the courtyard. [3]
3 Creation background
"Two Poems on the Wall of Mr. Huyin" is a set of poems written by Wang Anshi on the wall of Yang Defeng's house. Yang Defeng, also known as Mr. Huyin, was Wang Anshi's neighbor and frequent friend when he retired to Jinling. [1]
4 Appreciation of Works
These two poems were inscribed on the wall of Mr. Huyin’s house, the first of which is very famous. The allusion in this poem is very subtle. Readers who do not know the content of the allusion do not hinder their understanding of the main idea of ??the poem. However, the profound meaning and interest of the poem require understanding the source of the allusion in order to understand it more deeply.
The first two sentences praise the tranquility of the Yang family courtyard. "Thatched eaves" refers to the courtyard. "Quiet" means pure. How to write cleanly? The poet abandons all ordinary descriptions and only uses the word "no moss", which is really unique. How can you see it? The ground in the south of the Yangtze River is humid and it is the rainy season in early summer, which is more beneficial to the growth of moss than in other seasons. Moreover, moss likes darkness and always grows in secluded places, making it more difficult to remove than other weeds. Now in the courtyard, there is not even moss. Doesn’t it mean that everything is unclean and unclean at all times? Here, the ordinary image has an extremely rich expressive power due to the appropriate use of words. "Flowers and trees" are the most eye-catching scenery in the courtyard. Because there are so many varieties, they need to be planted in separate borders. In this way, the word "chengqi" not only describes the neatness of the flower garden, but also strongly implies the beauty of the flowers and trees, which are neat but not monotonous.
This quiet environment is intoxicating, so when the poet's eyes move from the flowers and trees in the courtyard to the mountains and rivers outside the courtyard, his thoughts will be so distant and elegant, and he will give birth to the following aphorism: The scenery in front of the door is a river, a piece of farmland, and two green mountains. In the eyes of the poet, the mountains and rivers also have friendship for this noble-minded master. The poet uses personification to write "one water" and "two mountains" into friendly and humane images. The winding river surrounds the green farmland, just like a mother protecting her child with her hands. The word "protect" and the word "circle" seem so affectionate. When the green hills in front of the door saw that the courtyard was so tidy and the owner loved beauty so much, they rushed to add color to the owner's courtyard: pushing the door open and entering, they were presented with a piece of green. The poet used his divine pen to leave behind famous lines that have been passed down through the ages.
"One water" and "two mountains" have been transformed into friendly images full of life and emotion, and have been passed down through the ages. But the reason why the last two sentences are widely recited mainly lies in the following two points: 1. Personification and description are integrated and blended seamlessly. "One water protects the field" plus the word "around", you can see that the creek is winding and surrounding the green farmland. Isn't this just like the scene of a mother protecting her child with her hands? With the word "protect", " The look on his face clearly shows. As for the word "Paita" before "Song Qing", it is a stroke of genius. It not only describes that the mountain scenery is not only deep and emerald, but also not just pleasant, but actually seems to be rushing towards the courtyard! This kind of description gives readers an extremely fresh and vivid sense of beauty. It also shows that the mountain is not far away, just in front of the Yang family courtyard, so it seems to be within reach. What is particularly moving is the way the mountains are rushing, as if they have just arrived from afar, excited and enthusiastic.
All of these grasp the characteristics of the scenery, and these descriptions are combined with sufficient personification. The mood and the style of writing are completely like expressing the scene of "a friend coming from afar": I am so anxious that I don't even bother to knock on the door. He broke into the courtyard and delivered gifts. The two blend seamlessly and complement each other. They are both strange and natural, tempered but without traces of chiseling. They are fresh, timeless and have a profound charm. 2. These two poems are also consistent with the image of Yang Defeng. In the first couplet, we can already see Mr. Huyin, a man of noble character and full of interest in life. The only place he lives in is a "thatched eaves", and he not only "sweeps" it, but also "sweeps it for a long time" (i.e. often sweeps it), so that it is "quiet and moss-free"; he does not rely on others to "make a border of flowers and trees", but "sweeps it with his own hands" plant". It can be seen that he is quiet and refined, simple and hardworking. Such a scholar, wandering among mountains and rivers, can certainly appreciate their beauty better than others, and feel the closeness of "one water" and "two mountains"; the poet imagines that mountains and rivers have feelings, and has already established a deep friendship with Mr. Huyin . The poem is titled "Mr. Shu Huyin's Wall", which is connected and taken care of everywhere. From this, we can see the closeness of the poet's thoughts.
The personification of "one water" and "two mountains" in this poem is not only based on the characteristics of natural scenery, but also consistent with the specific content of life, so it is full of energy and spirit, and there is no trace of it. , has become a famous saying that has been recited throughout the ages.
In terms of rhetorical skills, the two sentences "One water protects the fields and surrounds them with green; two mountains with rows of gates bring green" are also examples. The poet uses dual sentence patterns and personification techniques to give human emotions to the landscape, turning static into movement, making the natural environment appear vibrant, quiet and elegant.