(1) Wen Yiduo
Born in the 25th year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1899165438+124 October)122 October, he was a scholar in Bahe Town, Qishui County, Huanggang City, Hubei Province, and loved classical poetry since childhood. At the age of five, he entered a private school and went to Wuchang at the age of ten. He studied in the higher primary school affiliated to Hubei Normal University in Hunan.
(2) 13 years old 19 12 was admitted to Beijing Tsinghua preparatory school for studying in the United States (Tsinghua University
I was a student in Tsinghua for ten years. I like reading China's ancient poems, poems, history books and notes. At that time, Wen Yiduo's revolutionary thought was to abolish surnames and call friends by their first names. Pan Guangdan suggested that he change his name to a flower. He accepted the good advice and smiled at once.
(3) 19 16 began to publish a series of reading notes in Tsinghua Weekly, collectively called "February Lu Jiman", and at the same time created old-fashioned poems, and served as the editor-in-chief and editorial director of Tsinghua Weekly and Xinhua Daily in the school.
(4) 19 19 "May 4th Movement"
"Wen Yiduo's outbreak conforms to the trend of campus sports. He was so excited that he wrote Yue Fei's "Man Jiang Hong" in calligraphy.
After that, he resolutely devoted himself to this great struggle, delivered a speech, created new poems, became one of the pioneers of the May 4th New Literature and Art Garden, and went to Shanghai as a student representative of Tsinghua to attend the inaugural meeting of the National Student Union.
(5) In April, 1920, the first vernacular "Tourist Students" was published. In August of the same year, the first new poem West Bank was published.
(6) 192 1, 1 1 In June, Tsinghua Literature Society was founded with Liang Shiqiu and others.
(7)1March, 922, he wrote "Research on Metric Poetry" and began to systematically study the theory of metrical new poetry.
2. Studying in the United States
(1)1922 went to the United States to study in July, and successively stayed in Chicago.
He studied at the Academy of Fine Arts, the University of Colorado at Kequan and the new york Art Institute. When he specialized in fine arts and achieved excellent results, he showed great interest in literature, especially his love for poetry. At the end of the year, the Winter Night Grass Review co-authored with Liang Shiqiu was published.
, representing Wen Yiduo's early views on new poetry.
② The first book of poetry, Red Candle, was published in September. 1923.
Combine the theme of anti-imperialism and patriotism with the formal mode of aestheticism.
Step 3 return to China to teach
(1)1After returning to China in May, 1925, he served as the provost of Beijing Institute of Art, and was engaged in the editing of the morning newspaper supplement "Poetry Carving".
(2) The second book of poetry, Dead Water, was published in June 1928, which showed his deep patriotic passion in decadence and marked his progress and achievements in new poetry.
(3)1In the autumn of 930, Wen Yiduo was employed by the National Qingdao University.
Dean of College of Liberal Arts and Head of Chinese Department.
(4) 1932, the power and interest dispute between Nanjing Kuomintang government and Shandong local forces extended to Qingdao University, with factional disputes and frequent agitation. Wen Yiduo was attacked and slandered a lot and was forced to resign.
(5)1in the autumn of 932, he returned to his alma mater, Tsinghua University, and became a professor of China Literature Department, engaged in the study of China classical literature.
Step 4 join the revolution
(1)1937 in July, the national anti-Japanese war broke out, and Wen Yiduo moved to Kunming with his school and became the Southwest Associated University after the merger of Peking University, Tsinghua and Nankai.
Professor. Facing the harsh reality, he resolutely abandoned the illusion of cultural salvation and actively participated in the anti-Japanese struggle and the struggle of democratic dictatorship.
(2) 1943, he began to get help from the underground party in Kunming and the NLD, and the Party sent him Mao Zedong's Theory of New Democracy through different channels.
And other works.
(3) 1944 Joined China Democratic League.
Later, he became NLD.
Executive member of the Central Committee, propaganda member of NLD Yunnan Branch, and president of Democracy Weekly became an active democracy fighter.
(4) 1945 12 1 day, the Kuomintang authorities suppressed the patriotic movement of Kunming students, and Wen Yiduo personally wrote a eulogy for the martyrs who died: "People are not afraid of death, why are they afraid of death?" At the funeral, he walked at the front of the parade on crutches, and wrote down the story of the "December 21 Movement", exposing the truth of the tragedy and calling on "the soldiers who did not die, stepped on the blood of four martyrs" to continue fighting.
(5) On June 29th, 1946, NLD Yunnan Branch held a reception for people from all walks of life. At the meeting, he announced that NLD was determined to respond to China's call and adhere to the position of "democratic reunification and peaceful founding of the country", and called on "friends from all walks of life to join hands closely and * * * stick to the end for opposing civil war and striving for democracy!"
5. Shoot and kill
(1)1946 On July 1 1, Li Gongpu, the head of NLD and a famous social educator, was assassinated by Kuomintang agents in Kunming. Wen Yiduo immediately electrified the whole country and accused the reactionaries of their crimes. He wrote an inscription for the "Special Issue on the Death of Mr. Li Gongpu" in the Student Newspaper: "Reactionaries! You can see one fall, and you can see thousands! "
(2)1946 July 15, at Yunnan University.
At the memorial service for Li Gongpu, he delivered a "final speech" angrily and passionately.
In the afternoon, he presided over the press conference of Democracy Weekly to further expose the truth of the assassination. After the meeting, Wen Yiduo was ambushed by Kuomintang agents on his way home and killed by more than a dozen bullets.
Extended data:
Appreciation of Mr Wen Yiduo s patriotic poem Red Candle;
1, poem written in 1923. The poet will publish his first book of poems. Looking back on his ideal exploration and poetic achievements in recent years, he wrote this famous poem "Red Candle" as the preface to the collection of poems of the same name.
2. The beginning of the poem highlights the image of a red candle, red, like a child's heart. Wen Yiduo wants to ask poets, can your hearts be so sincere and enthusiastic? Compared with this red candle, can you have the courage to spit out your sincerity? A vivid word "spit" shows the poet's persistence and sincerity in a glance.
The poet then asked Red Candle where its body came from and where its soul came from. Why do such bodies and such souls burn and destroy their bodies in the fire? Poets are confused, just like in life, they can't find the direction and think through many problems.
Since the fourth season, the poem has been praising the red candle, writing about the responsibility of the red candle, and writing about the difficulties and disappointments in life. The red candle will burn, it will break the fantasy of the world, burn the cruel prison, and save the living but not free soul with its own burning. Poets should praise the red candle, dedication and hard-won light. In this eulogy, the poet and the red candle are communicating.
This poem has strong romanticism and aestheticism. Poetry emphasizes fantasy and subjective emotion in expression, and uses a large number of lyric exclamations to strongly express the feelings in the heart with beautiful language.
6. In the form of poetry, the poet pays great attention to the formal beauty and rhythm of poetry, so as to be consistent with the emotion to be expressed in the poem, such as the use of repeated sentences, the rhyming form of China traditional poetry to some extent, the care before and after and the relative neatness of each poem, and so on. The characteristics of China's new poems advocated by this poet are rhythm and musicality.