The best is Jia Yi's Theory of Passing the Qin Dynasty
Qin Xiaogong took control of Weihan and supported the land of Yongzhou. It encompasses the meaning of the four seas and engulfs the heart of the eight wastelands. At that time, the Lord of Shang assisted him, internally enacting laws, doing farming and weaving, repairing and guarding war equipment, externally linking up balance and fighting against the princes. So the Qin people surrendered and took the territory outside the Xihe River.
Since Xiaogong was gone, Huiwen, Wu, Zhaoxiang and Meng had their old responsibilities. Due to the legacy policy, Hanzhong was taken from the south, Ba and Shu were lifted from the west, the sacred land was cut from the east, and key counties were taken from the north. The princes are afraid, will make alliances and plan to weaken the Qin, and do not love the precious and fertile land, so that all the people in the world will unite and establish diplomatic relations and become one. At this time, Qi had Mengchang, Zhao had Pingyuan, Chu had Chunshen, and Wei had Xinling. These four monarchs are all wise and loyal, generous and loving, respecting the virtuous and respecting scholars. They are all from Han, Wei, Yan, Chu, Qi, Zhao, Song, Wei, and Zhongshan. So the scholars of the Six Kingdoms, including the subordinates of Ning Yue, Xu Shang, Su Qin, and Du He, conspired, and the followers of Qi Ming, Zhou Zui, Chen Zhen, Zhao Hua, Lou Sui, Zhai Jing, Su Li, and Le Yi understood their intentions. Wu Qi, Sun Bin, Dai Tuo, Ni Liang, Wang Liao, Tian Ji, Lian Po, and Zhao Shezhi Lun controlled their troops. With ten times the land and millions of people, they knocked the pass and attacked Qin. The people of Qin closed the gates to delay the enemy, and the armies of the Nine Kingdoms patrolled and did not dare to advance. Qin did not have the money to pay for the death arrow, but the princes of the world were already trapped. So he broke the contract and lost, fought for the land and bribed Qin. Qin had spare power to control its disadvantages, and chased the enemy to the north, laying down millions of corpses, bleeding and floating in the oars. Because of advantage and convenience, they slaughtered the world and divided the mountains and rivers. Strong countries will submit, weak countries will join the dynasty. Extending to King Xiaowen and King Zhuang Xiang, the country enjoyed a short period of time and the country was fine.
As for the first emperor, the remaining heroes of the sixth generation vigorously pursued the strategy and controlled the inner world, swallowed up the princes for two weeks, acted as the supreme and controlled the Liuhe, held on to beat and beat the world, and vibrated the world. Taking the land of Baiyue in the south, I thought it was Guilin and Xiangjun. The king of Baiyue bowed his head and tied his neck, and ordered his subordinates. He ordered Meng Tian to build the Great Wall to the north and guard the fence, but he defeated the Huns for more than 700 miles. The barbarians did not dare to go south to herd horses, and the soldiers did not dare to bend their bows and complain. So he abolished the ways of the previous kings, burned the words of hundreds of families, and used the stupid head of Guizhou; famous the city, killed the heroes, collected the soldiers of the world, gathered in Xianyang, sold Feng Dy, and cast it as the Twelve Golden People to weaken the people of the world. Then practice Huahua City, because the river is a pond, occupy the city of hundreds of millions of feet, and think it is solid in the face of unexpected abyss. The good generals guard the key points with their powerful crossbows, the trustworthy ministers and the good soldiers prepare the troops. The world has been settled, and the First Emperor's heart is that he thinks that the Guanzhong is solid, the golden city is thousands of miles away, and the inheritance of descendants and emperors will last forever.
The First Emperor is no longer alive, but his remaining power shocks the world. However, Chen Sheweng is the son of Shengshu, a gangster, and a migrant. His talents are not as good as those of middle-class people. He is not as talented as Zhongni and Mo Zhai, and he is not as rich as Tao Zhu and Yidun. He creeps among the troops and stubbornly rises across the street Among them, he led the exhausted soldiers and turned hundreds of people to attack Qin. He chopped down trees as soldiers and raised poles as flags. The world gathered to respond, winning food and scenery. The heroes of Shandong then joined forces and destroyed the Qin people.
The world is not small and weak. In the land of Yongzhou, Weihan is solid and self-contained. The position of Chen She is not respected to the kings of Qi, Chu, Yan, Zhao, Han, Wei, Song, Wei, and Zhongshan; it is not to hoe thorns and thorns with spears and spears; to banish the garrison is not to resist The divisions of the Nine Kingdoms are those who are far-sighted and far-sighted, and the way of marching and employing troops is not the same as those who look forward to the times. However, success or failure has changed, and the achievements have been opposite. Why? If the country of Shandong and Chen Shedu had a long life, and compared their power and strength, they would not be of the same age. However, the Qin Dynasty used a mere area to expand the power of ten thousand people, ordering the eight states and dynasty in the same row, which lasted for more than a hundred years; then it made Liuhe its home and Weihan its palace; when one man was in trouble, seven temples were destroyed, and he died in the hands of others, for the sake of the world. Laughter, why? If benevolence and righteousness are not applied, the offensive and defensive momentum will be different.
Part 2
The Qin Dynasty destroyed the Zhou Dynasty, merged the sea, and the princes, and proclaimed himself emperor in the south to support the four seas. All the people in the world are outstanding. If so, why? Said: There has been no king in recent times for a long time. The Zhou Dynasty is humble, and the five hegemons are destroyed, and the order cannot be used in the world. Therefore, the princes are in power, the strong bullies the weak, the many bully the few, the war is endless, and the soldiers and the people do harm. Today, Qin Nan faces and rules the world, and there is an emperor above. Since the people of Yuanyuan hope that their lives will be safe, they should all look up with an open mind. At this time, the foundation of safety lies in the solemn authority and determination of merit.
The King of Qin was greedy and self-motivated. He did not believe in meritorious officials and was not close to the people. He abolished the royal way and established personal love. He burned documents and tortured the law. He first deceived power and then benevolence and righteousness. He began to rule the world with tyranny. . Those who want to annex are more deceitful, and those who are in danger value their authority. This means that taking and keeping are different skills. When Qin left the Warring States period and ruled the world, its path was not easy and its politics did not change. This is why it was the same as those who took it and defended it. It exists alone, so it can stand and wait for its death. By asking the King of Qin to discuss the affairs of the past world and the traces of Yin and Zhou Dynasty, he could control his government. Although there were arrogant and arrogant masters in the future, there was no danger of collapse. Therefore, when the three kings established the world, their names were beautiful and their achievements were long-lasting.
Now that the second generation of Qin has been established, everyone in the world will take the lead and watch its politics. If the husband is cold, he will benefit from leeks and brown, while if he is hungry, it will be sweetened with chaff. The world is clamoring, and the capital of the new master is also there. This is what makes it easy to work for the people. Xiangshi II behaved like a mediocre ruler and was appointed loyal and virtuous. The ministers were single-minded and worried about the troubles at home. They were humble and corrected the mistakes of the previous emperor. After dividing the land and dividing the people and naming meritorious officials, they established a country and established a king to honor the world. They were imprisoned in vain and were exempted from punishment. Go. Collect impurities and cause them to rebel against each other in their villages; distribute money to warehouses and houses to support the lonely and poor people; give light gifts and minor tasks to assist the people's needs; make laws and save punishments to support the people in the world. Everyone must renew themselves, practice more disciplinedly, and be careful about themselves; block the hope of all people, and spread their great virtues to the world, and the world will stop. That is to say, everyone in the four seas is happy and content in their own places, fearing that there will be changes. Although there are cunning and malicious people, but they have no intention of detaching themselves from their superiors, the unruly ministers will not be able to show off their wisdom, and the treacherous and treacherous people will be eliminated.
The second generation did not practice this technique, but focused on being unruly: destroying the ancestral temple and the people, and then built the palace of Afang; severe punishments, severe official administration; inappropriate rewards and punishments, and excessive taxation. There are many things going on in the world, but the officials cannot keep them in check; the people are poor, but the Lord does not accept mercy. Then traitors and falsehoods arise together, and the superiors and the inferiors escape from each other; the sinners are all condemned, and they face each other in punishment and death, and the world suffers. From the ministers down to the common people, people have a heart of self-danger and are living in poverty. They are not secure in their positions, so they are easy to move. Therefore, Chen She did not use the talents of Tang and Wu, and did not borrow the honor of the princes to fight for the great marsh. If the world responded, his people would be in danger.
Therefore, the former kings saw that the beginning and the end remain unchanged, and knew the reasons for survival and destruction. Therefore, the way of herdsmen is to ensure safety. Although there are ministers who are rebellious, they will not be able to respond to help. Therefore, it is said: "It is righteous to bring peace to the people, but it is easy to do wrong to endanger the people." This is what we mean. It is right to be the emperor, to be rich all over the world, and to be killed by those who kill you. This is the fault of the second generation.
Next Chapter
The Qin Dynasty took over more than 30 counties in Shandong and built the Jinguan Pass. However, Chen She led hundreds of scattered people. They raised their arms and shouted. They did not use bows and halberds. They leaned on the white stilts and looked at the houses to eat. They went all over the world. The people of Qin failed to guard against danger, failed to close the bridges, failed to thrust with their halberds, and failed to shoot with their powerful crossbows. The Chu army went deep into the army and fought at Hongmen. There was no difficulty with barriers. So the princes of Shandong stood together, and the heroes stood together. Qin sent General Zhang Han to march eastward. Zhang Han, because of the strength of his three armies, wanted to conquer the outside world in order to conquer it. The disbelief of the officials can be seen in this. The child was born, but he did not realize it. If Ziying has the talent of a mediocre leader and can only get the middle assistant, although Shandong is in chaos, the land of the Three Qin Dynasties can be preserved, and the worship of the ancestral temple will not be exhausted.
The land of Qin is considered solid by mountains and rivers, and it is a country with four fortresses. Since Duke Mu, the more than twenty kings of Qin have always been the heroes of the princes. Isn’t this a virtuous person? It's so powerful. The world is united in attacking Qin, but if it is trapped in danger and cannot advance, how can it be that the courage and wisdom are insufficient? The shape is unfavorable and the situation is inconvenient. Although Qin is a small town, it conquers and annexes a large city, and then defends it. The princes started from a common man to facilitate the meeting, which is not the behavior of a king. It is not a close relationship, and its people are not attached to it. It is called the death of Qin, which is actually beneficial. Seeing that Qin's resistance is difficult to defeat, he will retreat. The country calms down the people and waits for the disadvantages, and accepts the weak and supports them so that the king of a big country will not worry about being dissatisfied at home. If you are the emperor, you are rich all over the world, but as a bird, it is wrong to save someone from defeat.
The King of Qin satisfied himself without asking, so he passed without changing. The second generation suffered from it, so it did not change, and it was violent and caused more disasters. Ziying is isolated and has no relatives, vulnerable and helpless. Isn't it appropriate to die if you don't understand the confusion of the three masters for the rest of your life? At this time, he was not an intellectual without foresight and foresight, but he did not dare to be loyal to those who had faulted him. This was because Qin custom had many taboos - loyal words were lost before they were spoken. Therefore, let the people of the world listen with their ears, stand with their feet firmly on their feet, and keep their mouths closed without speaking. Therefore, the three masters have lost their way, the loyal ministers do not admonish, and the wise men do not plan. The world is already in chaos, how sad it is that rape is not heard of! The previous kings knew that obstruction and obstruction would harm the country, so they appointed ministers, officials, and scholars to govern the world with laws and punishments. It is strong because it prohibits violence and suppresses chaos and the world is submissive; it is weak because the king dominates and conquers and the princes obey; it is weak because it defends internally and attaches externally, but the country and the country survive. Therefore, when the Qin Dynasty was prosperous, the world was shaken due to its complicated laws and severe punishments; when it was declining, the people were resentful and rebelled at home and abroad. Therefore, the king of Zhou succeeded in his way and it lasted for more than a thousand years. However, the Qin Dynasty lost it at the same time, so it cannot last long. From this point of view, the relationship between safety and danger is far away.
As the proverb goes: "Never forget the past, you will be the teacher of the future." This means that a gentleman is a country, observes the past, experiences the present, observes human affairs, observes the principles of prosperity and decline, and evaluates power. It is appropriate to go in an orderly manner, and change according to the time, so it will last for a long time and the country will be safe.