How to grasp the emotion of poetry

How to grasp the ideological content and theme of poetry and the thoughts and feelings expressed by the author? I hope the following aspects can be beneficial to readers. Keep your eyes on the poem. The title is the "eye" of poetry. Through this eye, we can often get a glimpse of the type, theme, object of description or chanting, even the theme of the poem and the thoughts and feelings expressed by the author. Therefore, keeping a close eye on the topic of poetry is equivalent to mastering the key to understanding poetry. For example, in 2005, the National College Entrance Examination Volume II appreciated a poem by Bai Juyi, entitled "Thinking from Winter to Day and Night in Handan". From the title, we know the time and place, general environment and poetry category, and we can be sure that the theme of this poem and the author's thoughts and feelings must be homesick. The title of Du Fu's Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night not only indicates the time and object of chanting, but also clearly reveals the author's thoughts, feelings and attitudes. It can be said that the word "happiness" in the title expresses the author's heart. Another example is Lu You's book Anger. The title means that the author wants to express his inner anger, but the fact is that the whole poem runs through "anger" Others such as "Yongyule 6 1 Jingkou Gubeiting Nostalgia" and "Chibi Nostalgia"; Complaining about others is always in my heart, complaining about erotic palace; Xie Ting said goodbye and sent Shen Zifu to Hedong and other places. From their poems, we can infer the general ideological content and the thoughts and feelings expressed by the authors. Straight into the heart of poetry. Poetry is very subtle, but no matter how subtle and euphemistic it is, we always use sentences to express our feelings and attitudes. Therefore, since ancient times, poets have paid special attention to those words or poems that can best express their feelings and poems, and have been deliberating and refining the past until they can best reflect their intentions, and will never stop. This is what the so-called "two sentences for three years, double tears" means. Then this refined word or poem is a poetic eye or a main sentence containing poetic eyes. Obviously, the theme sentence with poetic eyes can best reflect the poet's writing intention, ideological content, attitude, emotion and even expression skills, and it is the key to the whole poem. It is no exaggeration to say that it is the "heart" of the poem. If you grasp it, you will grasp the soul and lifeline of the poem, and you can directly explore the connotation and details of the poem through it. For example, in the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Ji's "Night Sleeping by the Maple Bridge": "The frost night caught fire with Jiang Feng and slept. Hanshan Temple outside Gusu City, passenger ships are ringing at midnight. " At first reading, I just think that poems are all landscape narratives. We can't see the poet's emotion and theme, but careful analysis shows that a word "worry" betrays the poet, sets the emotional tone of the whole poem and becomes a window for us to peek into the author's inner world. Why are you worried? Just look at the poems. For example, in Li Bai's "Climbing Mount Tianmu in a Dream", after waking up, he expressed his writing intention with the emotion of "Alas, how can I bow and scrape to those dignitaries who will never suffer", and compared his beautiful dream with the ugly social reality, expressing his thoughts and feelings of yearning for the free world and resisting power. Another example is Li Yi's "On Listening to the Flute at Night on the Wall of the Country": "The sand is like snow before Yuefeng, and the city is like frost on the moon. I don't know where to play the flute, and I want to recruit people all night. " It can be clearly seen that the main sentence is "I want to go back to my hometown overnight", from which it can be directly inferred that this poem expresses the thoughts and feelings of the soldiers on the frontier who miss their hometown and relatives. Dissecting the "cells" of poetry. Poetry is inseparable from images. Image is the "building material" of poetry, and the author must rely on image to create images and express emotions. It can be said that images are tiny concrete organizational "cells" of poetry, and poetry is an artistic "architecture", or an organic life constructed by these image "cells". Therefore, in order to understand poetry, grasp the theme of poetry and understand the author's thoughts and feelings, we must first start with the analysis of images. If you understand the image, you will understand the author's intention and infer the theme of the work and the author's thoughts and feelings more accurately. This feature needs to be said from two levels. After thousands of years of efforts, many scenes or objects in ancient poetry have been given specific meanings. For example, "willow" is related to farewell to homesickness, "moon" is related to homesickness and longing for reunion, and "beauty" is related to Dachuan letters, which is what people traditionally call images (there are many such images with special significance in ancient poetry, so it is not necessary to discuss them in detail here). Of course, when we read a poem, as long as we grasp these images, we will get the ideological content and feelings of the poem containing these images accordingly. For example, chrysanthemum is a symbol of seclusion, purity and exquisiteness. In Yuan Zhen's Chrysanthemum in the Tang Dynasty, "Autumn bushes are like Taoist priests, and the more they bypass the fence, the more inclined they are. It's not that chrysanthemums are preferred in flowers, but that this flower is even more flowerless. " Expressed the poet's pursuit of firmness and noble character. In the Tang Dynasty, Wang Jian wrote "Looking at Du Langzhong at Fifteen Nights": "Tonight, the moon is full, and I don't know whose house Qiu Si will fall." Taking "the moon" as the image, the poet pointed out the universal feelings of concern on this full moon night with euphemistic questions, and implicitly expressed the poet's deep yearning for his hometown friends. Another kind of image is an image with no relatively fixed meaning. Frankly speaking, it is a group of scenes with the same characteristics, which are branded by the author's emotions and written into the poem. Authors use them to express their views, thoughts and feelings. In this regard, we should carefully analyze the characteristics of this group of scenery, and then infer the author's corresponding thoughts and feelings according to these characteristics. For example, Mutu's Journey to the Mountain says, "There are people in Bai Yunsheng. Stop and sit in the maple forest late, and the frost leaves are red in February. " The poet selected several fresh, natural, warm and full of vitality images with typical characteristics of Shan Ye, such as cold mountain, stone path, white clouds, people, maple forest and frost leaves, and painted a panoramic view of Shan Ye in late autumn. Deeply moved by the spectacular natural life, the author can't help exclaiming: "Frost leaves are redder than February flowers"! This is not only the association of beauty, the contrast of color, but also the praise of life. The poem is full of the poet's love for nature and life. For a large number of lyrical poems, they all have similar characteristics, and candidates can draw inferences and refer to appreciation. Analyze the "blood type" of poetry. Just as people can be divided into several skin colors and blood types, classical poetry has also formed some relatively fixed categories in the long-term development. The same type of poetry has the same thoughts, feelings, viewpoints and attitudes. For example, most people praise the achievements of the ancients and express the poet's unrequited love (such as Du Fu's Book of Letters); Most of the poems in in my heart forever express the distress of being abandoned by the court (officialdom) through the mouth of a dissatisfied wife (such as Wen's Dream in the South of the Yangtze River); Sending farewell poems to friends is generally to remind each other, praise each other and express a kind of reluctant emotion or parting thoughts; The frontier fortress war songs show their aversion to war and their yearning for their relatives in their hometown; Landscape pastoral poetry mostly takes landscape pastoral poetry as the aesthetic object, throwing delicate strokes into quiet Shan Ye to create an idyllic life, so as to express the poet's dissatisfaction with reality and yearning for a leisurely, quiet and peaceful life. According to this feature, we can infer the ideological content and emotion accordingly.