Teaching objectives:
Knowledge goal Appreciate and understand the artistic features of this poem.
The ability to read and taste the artistic conception of this poem.
Emotional goal's understanding of the poet's thoughts and feelings.
Teaching focuses on appreciating the expressive techniques of poetry and understanding the author's thoughts and feelings.
Understanding the poet's thoughts and feelings in teaching difficulties.
Teaching methods: reading aloud and exploring questions.
Teaching hours 1 hour
Teaching process:
First, import
Teachers and students recall Du Fu's life and thoughts.
Second, solve the problem.
This is a sentimental poem at the end of the year, which is about scenery and feelings, full of loneliness and sadness. Judging from the content of the poem, it was written in the winter of the first year of Dali (766). At that time, the poet lived in Xige, the capital of Kuizhou. This poem is about what the poet saw and felt on a sleepless night after the snow, so the title of the poem is Pavilion Night.
In Shu, Cui Zhuan and Guo Ying killed each other, and the people were miserable. The poem "Crying in the Wild" is a portrayal of this war disaster. Du Fu often thought of Zhuge Liang, a wise minister whom he admired from the heart, and left his own shadow.
Third, read poetry.
Normal schools study and students study at the same time.
Fourth, appreciate:
1, what elements does the couplet "Yin and Yang urge short shadows at the end of the year, and the end of the world is frosty" explain?
Precautions:
Pavilion: refers to Xiting in Kuizhou, Sichuan.
Year end: year end.
Yin and yang: refers to the sun and the moon.
Short view: refers to the short day in winter. Scene: daylight.
Ji: It can be described as "Ji" when the rain clears up at first, or when the fog clears and the snow stops.
Cold night: Cold night.
"The end of the year" means that time runs out in a blink of an eye, and there is a feeling that life is short and fleeting, showing a little bitterness. "Tianya", known as Zizhou, is where the poet lives. There is a guest who lives in Tianya, who hurts himself and wanders in the cold. The "night" here means that the poet stayed up all night before dawn, indicating that he was worried, paving the way for writing and hearing the drums and trumpets of the local garrison below.
2. What are your feelings about the couplet "Stark Ming Wu Geng, Drum Beating and Trumpet Playing, Three Gorges River Moving"? What kind of feelings did the poet express?
Precautions:
Five shifts: refers to the period from three to five in the morning.
Three Gorges: Qutang Gorge, Wuxia Gorge and Xiling Gorge. Qutangxia is in the east of Kuizhou.
Xinghe: the stars and the Milky Way.
The shadow of the Milky Way is shaking: the shaking of the stars is a sign of war in the territory.
Auditory vision. Through hearing, I wrote the tragic atmosphere of war and chaos, the war situation was tense and the style was sonorous; The next sentence visually writes the beauty of mountains and rivers, and the tone turns soft. A kind of sadness that cherishes my China and hurts my China haunts the poet's heart.
3. How do you understand the couplet "I hear women in the distance, crying after fighting, and I see savage fishermen and woodcutter at dawn"?
Precautions:
Yelling sentence: refers to hearing the sound of war from several yells. Several families: one is "Qian".
Yi nationality: refers to the local ethnic minorities.
Fisherman and woodcutter.
A song sentence: it means that both fishermen and firewood sing a song and see Kuizhou far away.
Hear wars and cut thousands of wild cries.
Writing "Crying Wild" and "Thousands" are all caused by the war. Why does Qian cry? Reflected the people's deep disaster; One shows the local customs. In contrast, some people are worried and others are worried.
4. What kind of sadness does the poem "Flying Horse in Wolong, not a general today, is all dust and a lonely book of personnel" express?
Precautions:
Wolong: Zhuge Liang. Zhuge Liang in the middle of Shu said, "Xu Shu ... said the master said,' Zhu Gekongming is also Wolong.' "
Prancing horse: Gongsun Shu. When Wang Mang usurped the Han Dynasty, he became the King of Shu. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Shu took advantage of the chaos and called himself the White Emperor. What is used here is the meaning of "Gongsun leaps to proclaim himself emperor" in Jin's Shu Du Fu. Zhuge Liang and Gongsun Shu both have temples in Kuizhou, so they are mentioned in the poem. This sentence has both virtuous and stupid meanings.
The poet looked at Wuhou Temple and Bai Di Temple in the western suburbs of Kuizhou, which caused infinite emotion. Mr. Wolong is famous for his skillful calculation, and Gongsun Shu, as the emperor, is all-powerful and brave. The bells of these people who made great achievements in the future were buried in the loess and turned into historical dust. Today, people from all walks of life will eventually fade out of the historical stage and express the poet's sorrow for the eternity of the universe and the impermanence of life. The poet's close friends are scattered (good friends Li Bai, Gao Shi, Yanwu, etc.). Died one after another), but there was no news of the living (relatives and friends had no children). He could only use Gongsun Shu and Zhuge Liang to comfort himself, express his inner sadness, and express the loneliness and helplessness of the poet's old illness and loss of relatives and friends.
V. Rhyme Translation
In winter, the days are getting shorter and shorter;
Wandering around the world, in this cold night when the frost and snow are gone.
When I heard the horn of the war drum in the fifth watch, it was tragic and ups and downs;
The canyon reflects the Milky Way stars and rocks with the waves.
Several shouts in the wild brought the news of war;
Fishermen and loggers in several places sang songs of the Yi people.
Zhuge Liang and Gongsun Shu will eventually become loess;
Personnel changes, audio books were cut, and I was lonely and bored.
VI. Evaluation:
The whole poem is about the scenery on a winter night, which means to be homesick. The first link points to the cold winter night; Zhuan Xu wrote down what he saw and heard at night; Necklace writing at dawn; At the end of the couplet, I wrote about Mimu Wuhou and the temples in Bai Di. Taking Zhuge Liang and Gongsun Shu as examples, it shows that both the virtuous, the foolish and the loyal ministers are mutually assured destruction, and personal loneliness is even less important. The whole poem is full of weather, vertical and horizontal, pitching ancient and modern.
Seven. Summary:
1. Cleverly combine eyes, ancient events and emotional prospects.
2. Three allusions (① I heard a woman in the distance, wailing after the war, ② Wolong, ③ prancing horse) profoundly conveyed the poet's inner pain in the cold night like water, facing the broken mountains and rivers, and his intimate friends scattered.
Eight, homework:
1. Finish the exercises after class.
Step 2 enumerate
Teaching reflection:
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