The fiery red sunset is as beautiful as a sea of fire.
Pears in the sky are falling like snow.
A bunch of morning glory hangs on the wall like many small speakers.
The sun hangs in the sky like a big stove.
1. Concept:
Comparison is to describe and illustrate one thing as another. Comparable figures of speech compare people with crops, things with people, or materialize A into B. The use of such figures of speech can achieve unique rhetorical effects: or add unique flavor, or write things vividly to express love and hate. Poetry, novels, essays, fables, fairy tales and so on often use comparable figures of speech.
2. Role:
(1) adds a unique flavor.
(2) Write things vividly and express love and hate.
(3) It can stimulate readers' imagination and make the article more vivid.
3. Classification: Analogy can be divided into personification and imitation.
(1) personification. Personification is to write things as adults and endow things with human actions or thoughts and feelings.
The essential characteristics of thinking, labor, creation and emotion are the most familiar, understandable, acceptable and easy to produce * * * sounds. In order to express needs, people's essential characteristics are transferred to other things, so that they have certain characteristics of people, and things are described concretely, vividly and vividly, which makes people feel cordial and susceptible to infection.
Anthropomorphic animals:
1) ... An exploratory bee is buzzing around the golden flower covered with willow branches. Invisible larks tremble and sing in velvety green fields and fields covered with ice after harvest; Tianfu wailed on the swamp full of pond water; Cranes and geese fly high in the sky, making spring calls; Cattle whose hair falls off and does not reach the full length growl on the pasture; The lamb with bent legs jumped around the mother who had lost her hair and bleated; ..... the real spring has arrived. -(Anna karenin of Tolstoy)
This paper briefly analyzes Levin's lovelorn depression, but the spring breeze brings him comfort, hope and confidence. The above words specifically and hierarchically describe the changes that spring brings to animals. The author personifies animals and endows them with humanity. Bees are "exploring", larks are "singing", fields are "moaning", cranes and Hongyan are "shouting", and lambs are jumping around their mothers. The author writes these animals vividly, and the picture is full of the vitality of spring.
Anthropomorphic plants:
2) Sorghum is like a team of "red scarves", quietly observing the surrounding roads; Sunflowers shook their heads and smiled, looking at the red horizon rising from the sun; Short and tall weeping willows, stroking fast-maturing crops with green leaves; Dense reeds carefully guard the wildflowers that secretly open under their feet. -(Guo Xiaochuan's Autumn in Tuanbowa)
A brief analysis of the poet's passionate anthropomorphic description of Tuanbowa's colorful, vibrant and touching autumn scenery: sorghum is quietly observing, sunflower is shaking its head and smiling, weeping willows are stroking crops, and reeds are carefully guarding secretly opened wildflowers. Such personification makes these natural scenery on the screen quiet, beautiful, affectionate, harmonious and lifelike, and makes all the feelings of the poet in a specific environment vivid.
Personification of inanimate objects:
3) The gun pointed at the star, and the star was surprised! Watch it, hide, watch it, jump and jump. Stars, don't be afraid, soldiers' eyes are the clearest! We fight air robbers, aim at you, just practice. The star smiled and jumped on the sight with a smile. Eyes-stars, a line, how many dawns! -(Shi Xiang's "Looking at the Starry Sky")
Simply analyze the star, how can it be "surprised", how can it be "avoided", how can it be "laughed", and how can it be "jumped on the sight" because the soldier pointed a gun at it? Then the author explained that it was acrobatics. The reason why he writes so vividly is that the author spreads the wings of imagination, personalizes the stars according to their image characteristics, and endows human beings with action and modality.
Personize people through reason:
4) The so-called abolition of stereotyped foreign writing is actually advocated by some comrades. Call it empty and abstract, turn around and sing less, and some comrades insist on singing more. This place is called dogmatic rest, but some comrades tell it to get up. ——(? Mao Zedong "against stereotyped Party writing")
A brief analysis of "dogmatism" is an abstract concept, which is invisible and intangible. But it is harmful to people when it is put into practice. Many comrades who oppose dogmatism want it to stop, but some comrades insist on pushing it out. The author personifies dogmatism and vividly explains that it is safe and sound when lying down to rest; If you take the initiative, it will do great harm to people.
(2) simulacra. There are two kinds of parody: one is to write people as things, so that people have the action or modality of things; The second is to write something A as something B.
Everything has its own "personality". If birds can fly, insects can sing, trees can blossom, water can flow, and solar energy can emit light and heat, truth can spread? Imitation is often carried out in a certain language environment, which can give people a sense of image, novelty and vivid and interesting expression.
Imitation can be divided into the following categories:
One is to describe people as animals, plants or inanimate objects, giving people some characteristics of animals, plants or inanimate objects.
Man should be an animal;
1) golden sunshine shines on golden wheat, but the fields are rippling with songs of multiplication and harvest; Uygur girls put on golden wings and fly in the vast world. -("Female Tractor Driver" by Abdul Rexiti)
Brief analysis of wings belonging to birds. The author gives the Uighur girl wings and eulogizes enthusiastically: Uighur female tractor drivers are driving iron cows and galloping freely in fertile fields.
Man is a plant;
2) Under the fat lotus leaf, there is a person's face, and the lower body grows in the water. Lotus has become a human being. Isn't that our aquatic life? Looking around again, it didn't take long for everyone to find her husband's face. Ah, it's them! ——(? Sun Li's Lotus Lake)
A brief analysis of several women visiting their husbands in front. In Lianhua Lake, I saw people under the lotus leaf "the lower body grows in the water". I hope the soldier hiding under the lotus leaf is materialized and looks so fresh, beautiful and lovely.
The second is to imitate things as things. Including treating living things as inanimate objects, treating inanimate objects as living things, treating things as abstract objects and treating abstract objects as things.
Quasi-inanimate objects are animals;
(3) in Baling, in Dongting Lake. Take a distant mountain, swallow the Yangtze River, and make a vast soup, boundless; It's sunny in the morning and cloudy at night. This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower. ——(? Fan Zhongyan's Yueyang Tower)
A brief analysis of "title" and "swallow" are both verbs, which can express the actions of people or animals. According to the context, the author intends that "Dongting Lake" is an animal. The towering mountains can "hold" the Yangtze River rolling forward, which shows the breadth and grandeur of Dongting Lake.
Quasi-abstract things:
4) Three hundred years have passed. The Tiber River still flows like that. The sunshine in Apennine Peninsula is as warm as it was then. Rome experienced war and bloodshed. Materialist warrior? Bruno's thoughts soar among free men. ——(? Zheng "Fire")
"Soaring" is a unique skill of birds. "Thinking" is not a bird, but an abstract concept, which can spread rapidly between people. The author grasps this point, endows Bruno's thought with powerful wings by analogy, makes the "thought" alive, and vividly shows that his materialistic thought has great power.