Graceful and restrained school: Graceful and restrained school is a school of China Song Ci. Graceful, that is, tactfully implicit. Its main characteristics are that the content focuses on children's amorous feelings, the structure is profound and meticulous, the melody is euphemistic and harmonious, the language is round and beautiful, and there is a kind of femininity. The representatives of graceful and restrained school are Li Yu, Liu Yong, Yan Shu, Ouyang Xiu, Qin Guan, Zhou Bangyan and Li Qingzhao (the most famous poetess in Song Dynasty).
Romantic Poetry: Qu Yuan, Li Bai, Li He, Guo Moruo, etc. Advocating creative freedom, describing nature, attaching importance to folk literature and art, respecting innovation and anti-imitation, attaching importance to strangeness, despising triviality, having rich imagination and profound curiosity, describing strange plots with bold imagination and exaggeration, and shaping extraordinary characters. Romantic poetry is novel in form, free in rhythm, rich in rhetoric, moving in metaphor, concise in sentence and magnificent in color. Romantic poetry has different characteristics in different countries.
Frontier Poetry School, a school of poetry in the Tang Dynasty in China. During the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties, some frontier poems appeared, and the number increased continuously in Sui Dynasty. In the early Tang Dynasty, Sijie and Chen Ziang further developed it and reached full maturity in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Gao Shi, Li Jie and Wang Changling are the most famous poets in this school, while Gao and Cen have the highest achievements, so they are also called School. Their poems mainly describe the frontier war, frontier customs and habits, and various contradictions brought about by the war, such as parting, homesickness and in my heart forever. Formally, most of them are seven-character quatrains and five-character quatrains, and the poetic style is tragic enough to show the atmosphere of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. In addition to Gao and Cen, there are Wang Changling, Li Jie, Wang Zhihuan,.
Pastoral school of landscape poetry, a school of poetry in Tang Dynasty in China. The main content is to reflect rural life and describe landscapes. Inherited and developed Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems and Xie Lingyun's and Xie Tiao's landscape poems. Representative figures are Wang Wei, Meng Haoran, Chu Guangxi and Chang Jian in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and Wei and Liu Zongyuan in the middle Tang Dynasty. Their works mostly reflect leisurely thoughts and feelings, with elegant colors and deep artistic conception, and mostly adopt the form of five-character archaism and five-character rhythm. When exploring natural beauty, they can not only describe the magnificent scenery in general, but also describe the dynamics of natural things in detail; On the observation of natural scenery, he has a unique understanding, and can skillfully capture various images suitable for expressing his life interest, forming a unique artistic conception, which promoted the development of landscape poetry after the Six Dynasties. Among them, Wang Wei's achievements are high. He is a poet and a painter. He can apply painting to poetry. There are paintings in poetry and poems in painting. Besides Du Li, he also had a great influence on later generations.
Contrary to romantic poetry, realistic poetry realistically reflects human suffering and expresses the author's concern for the country and the people, which is also a school of China's poetry in the Tang Dynasty. Representative figures include Du Fu and Bai Juyi. For example, Li Sanhe and Sanbie are the most outstanding representatives in Charcoal Man.
Shangguanti is the first poetic title named after an individual in the history of Tang poetry. Refers to the court poems represented by Shangguan Yi in Longshuo period of Tang Gaozong. The theme is mainly to serve harmony, respond to the system and chant things, with vague content, paying attention to the formal skills of poetry and pursuing the beauty of poetry.
The founder of the pastoral school is Tao Yuanming. The most prosperous period of pastoral poetry was the prosperous Tang Dynasty (Tang Kaiyuan and Tianbao years). At that time, there were few wars, economic prosperity, social stability, people living and working in peace and contentment, and Buddhism and old ideas prevailed. Some poets who advocate the concept of hometown have the desire of seclusion, while others retire to Shan Ye and send their lives and thoughts to the countryside, so their works have more pastoral scenery. This kind of work is called pastoral poetry by later generations, and the poet who wrote pastoral poetry is also an pastoral poet. The representatives of the pastoral school are Wang Wei, Meng Haoran, Chen Ziang, Pei Di, Wang Jin, Zuyong and Qiu Wei. Among them, Wang Wei and Meng Haoran have the highest achievements, so the pastoral school is also called "Wang Mengshi School".
Landscape Poetry School: A school of poetry that appeared in the Southern Dynasties and the Song Dynasty in China. The master who started the school of landscape poetry was Xie Lingyun. In fact, before this, in the late Eastern Jin Dynasty, the gentry had already sent their love to mountains and rivers and visited places of interest. In their metaphysical poems, some famous sentences about scenery began to appear, praising the mountains and rivers in the south of the Yangtze River with the natural philosophy of Laozi and Zhuangzi. For example, Sun Chuo's Preface to the Orchid Pavilion and Xie Hun's A Visit to Xi Chi both contain a large number of landscape poems. In the early Song Dynasty, Xie Hun's nephew Xie Lingyun was frustrated in his official career, devoted himself to the development and innovation in this field, and created a large number of landscape poems, such as "Climbing to the Louchi" and "Entering the Lake Mouth of Peng Li", which finally made the landscape description independent from the metaphysical poems, thus establishing the dominant position of landscape poems in the literary world. Since then, landscape poetry has become a kind of poetry genre that people often create. Until Wang Wei and Meng Haoran in the Tang Dynasty, the creation of landscape poems reached an unprecedented peak.