Question 1: What kind of person is Xu Xiake? "Xu Xiake's Travels" is an important work left behind by Xu Xiake who traveled all over the country. As an ordinary citizen, in order to better understand the landscape of the motherland, he spent more than thirty years traveling around the motherland with patriotic enthusiasm. It can be said that Xu Xiake was a true "patriot" of that era. Speaking of Xu Xiake's patriotism, we must know what "patriotism" is. Patriotism is not what we say in words, patriotism must be implemented in actions. No matter what you do, as long as it is beneficial to the country and the people, it should be patriotic. The reason why Xu Xiake is said to be "patriotic" is mainly because he has a different concept of patriotism from other scholars. In the feudal dynasty at that time, "the country is me" and "the world is my home". The country belonged to the emperor, so "patriotism" at that time meant being loyal to the emperor. And Xu Xiake's "patriotism" is not only loyalty to the emperor, but also love for the famous mountains and rivers of the motherland. Therefore, Xu Xiake's patriotism has gone beyond the idea of ??"loyalty to the emperor", that is, "the emperor is the emperor" and "the country is the country." Treat the king and the country separately. If you are a wise king, you can say: "Patriotism means loyalty to the king." But if you are a foolish king, you cannot be foolish and loyal. You should put the interests of the "country" first. Xu Xiake lived in the late Ming Dynasty, when the emperor was fatuous and politically corrupt. For Xu Xiake, his "patriotism" was no longer loyalty to the emperor. He transformed "patriotism" into his love and understanding of the mountains and rivers of his motherland. We say that if a person does not even have a good understanding of the great rivers and mountains of the motherland, how can we believe that this person is truly patriotic. Patriotism is not just a matter of words. I think it was under such circumstances that he decided to learn about the great rivers and mountains of his motherland. Xu Xiake's "tour" is not like other people's "tour". In addition to his early tours to famous mountains, his southwest tour was more like a scientific expedition. In addition, the route he travels is not like other people's travel routes. Xu Xiake's travel routes were basically in remote mountainous areas and border areas where ethnic minorities gathered. In these areas, he saw with his own eyes the hard life of the local people, the mutual conquests of the chieftains, and the despicable acts of dividing the motherland. After seeing all this, he had a deeper understanding of toast. It is concluded: "It is the nature of the chieftain to corrupt the people, and it interferes with the imperial court's territorial boundaries and cannot be tolerated for a long time. The Yi race suffers from the corruption of the chieftain. It is really sad and heartbreaking. They are suppressed by the power. Life and death depend on fate. They do not really have love for their masters. The old heart is unbreakable. The reason why he is willing to rebel is just because he is not familiar with Chinese and is familiar with the Yi style, so his temptation is not the result of Yin's stubbornness and Tian Hengzhi. Ke Ye, the traitor of Di Liang Fumang, used the excuse to fool the people and acted cunningly." It clearly pointed out that the majority of the people hated the chieftain deeply. The reason why they followed the chieftains to launch a rebellion was because they did not understand Chinese and were accustomed to their own customs. Therefore, they were easily fooled by the chieftains and joined the rebellion, not because they were nostalgic for the chieftains' rule. And firmly supports the country's "reforming the land and returning it to local people". In addition, he expressed indignation at the imperial court's indifference to the Southwest. He said: "The imperial court used troops in the east and west. This was not the case only for the Yi people in the southwest." In Yunnan, he also examined Tengyue's "Three Propaganda" and "Liu Wei" and pointed out that "in the past, there was no barbarian, fierce and dense land like China. Since the establishment of these eight passes by Jin Teng Qidao in the 22nd year of Wanli, all the barbarians outside the pass have been owned by Awa." Finally, it was concluded: "Probably, the 'Sanxuan' still belongs to the pass, while the 'Liuwei' belongs to the pass, and they are all placed outside the pass. "Although "Liuwei" is outside the customs, it is still Chinese territory. This is the "boundary between China and barbarians." Through these inspections, he showed anger and helplessness about the separatist regimes and the loss of territory on the border. But he resolutely recorded them. He also pointed out that no inch of land should be lost. These can all show Xu Xiake's patriotic sentiment. In addition, while traveling, he also preserved some inscriptions and poems of famous people who had been forgotten in the mountains, leaving some important information for future generations. A number of important cultural heritages of our country have been preserved. There are also inspections of caves and rivers, etc. He used his pen and paper to tell his patriotism. All of the above can show Xu Xiake's love for the motherland. He put these loves into action. His love for mountains and rivers and his love for his country all reflect Xu Xiake's patriotic spirit.
Question 2: Who is Xu Xiake? Xu Xiake (January 5, 1587 - March 8, 1641), named Hongzu, courtesy name Zhenzhi, and Xiake, was a Han nationality and a native of Jiangyin (now Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province) in the south of Ming Dynasty. Famous geographer, traveler, and author of the famous Chinese geography book "Xu Xiake's Travels". Known as the "Eternal Strange Man". Throughout his life, he aimed to live in all directions, not taking shelter from wind, rain, tigers and wolves, being accompanied by the wind and clouds, eating wild fruits to satisfy his hunger, and quenching his thirst with clear springs. He has traveled through 16 provinces including Beijing, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Shanxi, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangxi, Yunnan, and Guizhou. Wherever he went, he explored the secrets and kept travel notes to record the various things he observed. phenomena, humanities, geography, flora and fauna, etc.
"Xu Xiake's Travels" contains records of places of interest, local customs and places of interest. The opening day of Xu Xiake's travel diary (May 19) is designated as China Tourism Day.
Question three: The biography of Xu Xiake summarizes what kind of person Xu Xiake is. "), good at traveling in mountains and rivers ("His journey is from a slave or a monk; a staff, a quilt.
No need to dress up, no wrapping up
Food; able to endure hunger for several days, able to feel full when encountering food, and able to walk hundreds of miles. Climbing the cliff, there are green trees, pulling support down and up, hanging over the cliff, as agile as a green ape, as strong as a yellow calf. Use Helm Rock as your bed, use the stream as your drink and bathe, and use Shan Mei, Muke, Wang, Sun, and Orang Father as your companions. Porridge and porridge cannot be spoken; discuss mountain scriptures, identify water veins, and search for shapes and wins, and your heart will be enlightened.” , was friendly with Uncle Chen Mushu and Huang Daozhou. After Huang Daozhou was imprisoned, he specially sent his eldest son to visit him, carrying Jingwen's bones on his back, and gave the author Qiu roots, etc.). A person with a spirit of scientific inquiry (when traveling, one must conduct on-the-spot investigation. "His book contains tens of thousands of words, all of which are unmatched by Li's commentaries on the Sang Jing and the commentaries on Yu Gong by scholars from the Han and Song dynasties"). p>
Question 4: What kind of person is Xu Xiake’s mother? An old lady who has passed away for thousands of years
Question 5: Who is Xu Xiake (1587-1641) whose name is Hongzu and whose courtesy name is Zhenzhi? , was an outstanding geographer and traveler in the Ming Dynasty of my country. He was born in a declining gentry family in Nanchang Village, Mazhen, Jiangyin. He was extremely intelligent and well-read when he was young. He gave up his official career at the age of 22 and began to roam the motherland. In 34 years, he traveled to 16 countries. The famous mountains and rivers in the province have made achievements beyond previous generations in the study of mountains, waterways, geology, landforms, etc. Xu Xiake is a pioneer in the world in investigating and studying limestone landforms. A strange book. There are many cultural relics related to this in his hometown. Xu Xiake's former residence is located at the east end of Nanchang Village. It was built in the Ming Dynasty and renovated in the early Qing Dynasty. It has a hard top and four sides. It has two wings and covers an area of ??1,000 square meters. From August 1985 to October 1987, the former residence was fully renovated. There are three entrances on both sides, maintaining the original appearance. The first entrance is seven rooms wide and six bays deep. , 5.8 meters high. A plaque of "Xu Xiake's Former Residence" written by Lu Dingyi is hung in the middle. On the back of the screen is a bust of Xu Xiake. The second entrance is five bays wide and six bays deep, with a height of 5.8 meters. Various karst specimens of Xu Xiake's life and deeds are displayed. and papers and monographs written by modern experts and scholars. The third entrance is five rooms wide, eight bays deep, and 6.8 meters high. In the three rooms of the main hall, there is a plaque of "Chongli Hall" written by Shen Peng, and inscriptions by modern celebrities are displayed on the walls. The two study rooms display more than 40 scenic photos of "the places Xu Xiake visited". In 1993, the Jiangyin Municipal People's Government and the China Xu Xiake Research Association held the "Xu Xiake Memorial Exhibition of the Ancient Man" in the capital, which was a great success. In the east courtyard in front of the main hall, there stands a podocarpus tree with thick branches and lush green leaves. It was planted by Xu Xiake. The tree is now 6.50 meters tall and has a root diameter of 2.2 meters. The trunk requires two people to hug it. About 500 meters south of Xu Xiake's former residence in Qingshan Hall, there is a Ming-style building. It is surrounded by water on three sides, facing east from the west, with three open rooms and 10 bays in depth. It looks antique and has a high red hanging in the middle. The plaque of "Qingshan Hall" written by Mu Zhi is displayed in the hall. The lifelike statues of Xu's mother and her son are displayed in the hall. There are 76 stone carvings and a wood carving of "Qingshan Hall Post Narrative" embedded in the north, west and south walls. This is the famous "Qingshan Hall Stone Carving" at home and abroad. Qingshan Hall was originally a church built by Xu Xiake at the age of 34 in the 48th year of the Ming Dynasty (1620) to celebrate the recovery of his mother from a serious illness. The name of the hall was taken from the poetic meaning of "when April is clear and the rain suddenly clears, Nanshan becomes clear when the household changes." He also happily commissioned a painting of "Sunny Turning to Nanshan" to be hung inside. This is how "Qingshan Hall" got its name. Xu Xiake's Tomb In the backyard of Qingshan Hall is Xu Xiake's Ming-style tomb. It was rebuilt in 1985 according to the map attached to the "Xu Family Genealogy". The cemetery area is 745 square meters. In the middle is a corridor made of bricks, and on the left and right are two winding paths made of cobblestones. Both sides are planted with Podocarpus five-needled pine, juniper cypress, ground cypress, red maple, green maple, white magnolia and magnolia grandiflora. Roses, camellias, osmanthus, wintersweet and other famous flowers from the south of the Yangtze River. There is a 2.7-meter-high statue of Xu Xiake in front of the altar at the end of the corridor. There is a monument on both sides of the statue.
Question 6: Xu Xiake’s character characteristics Urgent! ! ! Erase
Question 7: Who else is like Xu Xiake? Write two. 1. Xu Xiake
Xu Xiake was born in the 14th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty. He was a native of Jiangyin, Jiangsu, named Hongzu. , Zi Zhenzhi, a great geographer, traveler and explorer. He is also known as the "Traveling Saint", "Xiaxian" and "The Patriarch of Travel Friends" by later generations. During his life, he traveled all over China's beautiful mountains and rivers, which is extremely legendary. Influenced by the culture of a farming and reading family, Xu Xiake was eager to learn when he was young and read a lot of books, especially the Dijing Tuzhi. The young man immediately set up his travel ambition of "a real man travels in the blue sea in the morning and stays in Cangwu in the evening". Xu Xiake's footprints cover today's 16 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions. He was not afraid of hardships and dangers. He was robbed three times and ran out of food several times, but he still moved forward bravely and rigorously recorded the results of his observations. Until he entered Lijiang, Yunnan, and was unable to walk due to foot illness, he still insisted on writing "Travel Notes" and "Mountain Chronicles", and basically completed the "Xu Xiake Travel Notes" with more than 2.4 million words. At the age of 53 (1640), Yunnan local officials sent Xu Xiake back to Jiangyin by car and boat. He died of illness at home in the first month of his 54th year.
"Xu Xiake's Travels", written by Xu Xiake after 30 years of investigation, has a profound influence at home and abroad, with more than 2.6 million words.
2. Xuanzang
Xuanzang (602-664), whose name was Chen, was from the Feng family in Luozhou (now the ancient city of Huaguo in Yanshi, Henan). The famous Master Tripitaka of the Tang Dynasty, a Buddhist scholar and traveler, was known as the three major translators of Chinese Buddhism along with Kumarajiva and Zhenti. One of the greatest translators in the history of Chinese Buddhism. One of the founders of the Consciousness-only Sect.
After becoming a monk, I visited famous Buddhist teachers. Feeling that the different schools had different theories and it was difficult to reach a conclusion, I decided to go to Tianzhu to study Buddhism. In the third year of Zhenguan reign of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, he left Yumen Pass from Liangzhou and traveled westward, and arrived in Tianzhu after going through hardships. He first learned from Jie Xian at Nalanda Temple. Later, he traveled to various parts of Tianzhu and debated with local scholars, and became famous in the five Zhu countries.
In the third year of Zhenguan, he set out from Chang'an and passed through Lanzhou to Liangzhou. The local Master Huiwei respected Xuanzang's ambition and ordered his apprentice to secretly send Xuanzang forward. They were afraid of being captured by officers and soldiers during the day, so they traveled at night. When he arrived at Guazhou, the horse he was riding fell dead again. Xuanzang bought an old and thin red horse that had been to Yiwu (Hami) 15 times, and traveled alone.
After seventeen years of unremitting asceticism, Master Xuanzang returned to Chang'an in the 19th year of Zhenguan.
His stories have been widely circulated among the people in the past dynasties, such as the drama "Tang San Tian Qi Jing" by Wu Changling in the Yuan Dynasty, and the novel "Journey to the West" by Wu Chengen in the Ming Dynasty, all of which are derived from his deeds.
3. Zhang Qian
Zhang Qian (about 164 BC to 114 BC), Han nationality, courtesy name Ziwen, was born in Chenggu, Hanzhong County (now Chenggu County, Shaanxi Province), China The outstanding explorers, travelers and diplomats of the Han Dynasty made significant contributions to the development of the Silk Road. The Han Dynasty opened up the north-south road leading to the Western Regions, and introduced sweat horses, grapes, alfalfa, pomegranates, walnuts, flax, etc. from the countries in the Western Regions.
Zhang Qian left Longxi in the third year of Jianyuan (138 BC), passed through the Xiongnu, and was captured. During the more than ten years of the Xiongnu period, although Zhang Qian married a wife and had children, he always adhered to the Han Dynasty. Later, he finally escaped and traveled west to Dawan, passed through Kangju, arrived at Dayuezhi, and then to Daxia, where he stayed for more than a year before returning. On his way back, Zhang Qian changed his route to the south, near Nanshan, but was captured by the Huns and detained for more than a year. In the third year of Yuanshuo (126 BC), the Huns were in civil strife. Zhang Qian took the opportunity to escape back to the Han Dynasty and reported in detail the situation in the Western Regions to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Emperor Wu granted him the title of Taizhong Dafu. When Zhang Qian was in Daxia, he learned that Daxia could be reached by taking the road from the southwest of Shu (today's Sichuan Basin) to Shendu (today's India). He persuaded Emperor Wu to open a southwest barbarian road, but it was blocked by the Kunming barbarians and could not be passed. In the sixth year of Yuanshuo, Zhang Qian followed Wei Qing to conquer the Xiongnu, and for his meritorious service, he was granted the title of Marquis of Bowang. Later, Zhang Qian persuaded Emperor Wu to unite with Wusun (in today's Ili River Basin). Emperor Wu then worshiped Qian as Zhonglang General. In 119 BC, he led 300 people, tens of thousands of cattle, sheep, gold and silk, as an envoy to Wusun. Zhang Qian went to Wusun and sent deputy envoys to Dayuan, Kangju, Yuezhi, Daxia and other neighboring countries. This trip also achieved great results. Countries in the Western Regions also sent envoys to visit Chang'an. Wusun sent an envoy to send Zhang Qian back to the Han Dynasty and offered a horse to express his gratitude.
In the second year of Yuanding (115 BC), Zhang Qian returned. Zhang Qian was the first to achieve Han's expansion into the Western Regions. Because of Zhang Qian's prestige in the Western Regions, the envoys sent by the Han Dynasty were often called Bowang Hou to win the trust of other countries.
4. Zheng He
Zheng He was born in the fourth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1371), and his original name was Ma Sanbao. In the winter of 1381, the thirteenth year of Hongwu, the Ming Dynasty army attacked Yunnan. When Ma Sanbao was 10 years old, he was taken captive to the Ming camp, raped as an eunuch, and then entered Zhu Di's Prince Yan's palace. During the Jingnan Incident, Ma Sanbao made military exploits for King Zhu Di of Yan in Zhengzhou, Hebei (now Renqiubei, Hebei, not Zhengzhou, Henan). In the second year of Yongle (1404), Zhu Di, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, believed that the surname Ma could not be used in the Three Treasures Palace, so he gave Ma Sanbao the character "Zheng" in the Nanjing imperial book... >>
Question 8: Is Xu Xiake a What kind of person is he? There is an article about traditional Chinese virtues that introduces him
Question 9: Xu Xiake was a strange person in the late Ming Dynasty. What is so strange about him? What is so strange about Xu Xiake?
1. Not seeking fame, but determined to explore
2. Not afraid of hardships and dangers, with extraordinary perseverance
3. Seeking truth and perseverance
Achievements for the ages A strange book
The book - "Xu Xiake's Travels" has high scientific and literary value.
Question 10: What kind of person is Xu Xiake? "Xu Xiake's Travels" is an important work left by Xu Xiake who traveled all over the country. As an ordinary citizen, in order to better understand the landscape of the motherland, he spent more than thirty years traveling around the motherland with patriotic enthusiasm. It can be said that Xu Xiake was a true "patriot" of that era. Speaking of Xu Xiake's patriotism, we must know what "patriotism" is. Patriotism is not what we say in words, patriotism must be implemented in actions. No matter what you do, as long as it is beneficial to the country and the people, it should be patriotic. The reason why Xu Xiake is said to be "patriotic" is mainly because he has a different concept of patriotism from other scholars. In the feudal dynasty at that time, "the country is me" and "the world is my home". The country belonged to the emperor, so "patriotism" at that time meant being loyal to the emperor.
And Xu Xiake's "patriotism" is not only loyalty to the emperor, but also love for the famous mountains and rivers of the motherland. Therefore, Xu Xiake's patriotism has gone beyond the idea of ??"loyalty to the emperor", that is, "the emperor is the emperor" and "the country is the country." Treat the king and the country separately. If you are a wise king, you can say: "Patriotism means loyalty to the king." But if you are a foolish king, you cannot be foolish and loyal. You should put the interests of the "country" first. Xu Xiake lived in the late Ming Dynasty, when the emperor was fatuous and politically corrupt. For Xu Xiake, his "patriotism" was no longer loyalty to the emperor. He transformed "patriotism" into his love and understanding of the mountains and rivers of his motherland. We say that if a person does not even have a good understanding of the great rivers and mountains of the motherland, how can we believe that this person is truly patriotic. Patriotism is not just a matter of words. I think it was under such circumstances that he decided to learn about the great rivers and mountains of his motherland. Xu Xiake's "tour" is not like other people's "tour". In addition to his early tours to famous mountains, his southwest tour was more like a scientific expedition. In addition, the route he travels is not like other people's travel routes. Xu Xiake's travel routes were basically in remote mountainous areas and border areas where ethnic minorities gathered. In these areas, he saw with his own eyes the hard life of the local people, the mutual conquests of the chieftains, and the despicable acts of dividing the motherland. After seeing all this, he had a deeper understanding of toast. It is concluded: "It is the nature of the chieftain to corrupt the people, and it interferes with the imperial court's territorial boundaries and cannot be tolerated for a long time. The Yi race suffers from the corruption of the chieftain. It is really sad and heartbreaking. They are suppressed by the power. Life and death depend on fate. They do not really have love for their masters. The old heart is unbreakable. The reason why he is willing to rebel is just because he is not familiar with Chinese and is familiar with the Yi style, so his temptation is not the result of Yin's stubbornness and Tian Hengzhi. Ke Ye, the traitor of Di Liang Fumang, used the excuse to fool the people and acted cunningly." It clearly pointed out that the majority of the people hated the chieftain deeply. The reason why they followed the chieftains to launch a rebellion was because they did not understand Chinese and were accustomed to their own customs. Therefore, they were easily fooled by the chieftains and joined the rebellion, not because they were nostalgic for the chieftains' rule. And firmly supports the country's "reform of the land and return to local people". In addition, he expressed indignation at the imperial court's indifference to the Southwest. He said: "The imperial court used troops in the east and west, and this was not the case only for the Yi people in the southwest." In Yunnan, he also examined Tengyue's "Three Propaganda" and "Liu Wei" and pointed out that "in the past, there was no barbarian, fierce and dense land like China. Since the establishment of these eight passes by Jin Teng Qidao in the 22nd year of Wanli, all the barbarians outside the pass have been owned by Awa." Finally, it was concluded: "Probably the 'Sanxuan' still belongs to the pass, while the 'Liuwei' belongs to the pass, and they are all placed outside the pass. "Although "Liuwei" is outside the customs, it is still China's territory. This is the "boundary between China and barbarians." Through these inspections, he showed anger and helplessness about the separatist regimes and the loss of territory on the border. But he resolutely recorded them. He also pointed out that no inch of land should be lost. These can all show Xu Xiake's patriotic sentiment. In addition, while traveling, he also preserved some inscriptions and poems of famous people who had been forgotten in the mountains, leaving some important information for future generations. A number of important cultural heritages of our country have been preserved. There are also inspections of caves and rivers, etc. He used his pen and paper to tell his patriotism. All of the above can show Xu Xiake's love for the motherland. He put these loves into action. His love for mountains and rivers and his love for his country all reflect Xu Xiake's patriotic spirit.