Ba (different from the meaning of modern Chinese), whose political name is Bo, was changed to Ba, also known as Zhou Bo and Fang Bo, that is, the head of governors, whose duties were to welcome governors and establish emperors.
The five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period are:
Qi Huangong 1:
Respecting the king and resisting foreign countries: reigned from 685 BC to 643 BC. Qi Huangong summoned vassal states to join the alliance in Kwai Qiu. Nine princes, conquer the world? . The Zhou royal family also sent people to attend, officially recognizing the hegemony and becoming the first overlord in the Spring and Autumn Period.
2. Song Xianggong:
Justice in the Spring and Autumn Period: reigned from 650 BC to 637 BC. After Qi Huangong's death, civil strife broke out in Qi, which led Wei, Cao and Yan to fight against Qi. Qi people were at home and established Qi, so they became famous.
3. Jin Wengong:
Dominate the Central Plains: reigned from 636 BC to 628 BC. Jin Wengong invited King Xiang of Zhou to join forces with the governors of Qi and Song Dynasties. History says:? Practice league? . Zhou was appointed as? Huber? (the length of the bannerman), and gave him a black and red bow and arrow, indicating that he was allowed to conquer freely. Jin Wengong officially became the hegemon, creating the hegemony of Jin for a century.
4. Qin Mugong:
Qin Mugong (? ? 62 1 year), won the surname, good name. Also known as Qin Miaohong. Qin Degong's youngest son, the younger brother of Qin and Qin Chenggong, was the monarch of the State of Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period (reigned from 659 BC to 62 BC1), and was recognized as one of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period by posthumous title Mu.
Dominate Xirong: Born and died in 682 BC? 62 1 year ago. After Qin Mugong arrived in Qin Jin League, it gradually eliminated 12 countries established by western military. Zhou Wang congratulated Qin Mugong on defeating the Rong people and gave him a golden drum, hoping that he would continue to attack the Rong people vigorously. King Xiang of Zhou sent troops to attack the country west of Hanguguan, and opened up more than 1000 miles of territory. Therefore, King Xiang of Zhou appointed him as the uncle of the western governors, and then dominated Xirong, which laid the foundation for the unification of China by Qin in the future.
5. Chu Zhuangwang:
Winning the Central Plains: 6 13 BC? He reigned in 59 1 year BC. In 598 BC, Chu Zhuangwang led an army to fight the Jin Army in Zhai (now Zhengzhou, Henan) and defeated the Jin Army. Countries in the Central Plains have abandoned gold and returned to Chu, becoming the overlord of the Central Plains.
In the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period, not only Qin Mugong but also Qin Mugong made great contributions to history. His main achievements are as follows:
Politically:
Qin Mugong recruited wise men, boldly appointed foreign talents, and set a precedent for Qin. Inspired by him, called? Dr. Wuyi? Bai Xixi, Xiang Ma expert Bole and Jiu Fanggao all voted for him. Because he always takes it away? Get the essence and forget the coarseness, forget the outside? Therefore, it has achieved great success. He didn't want to reuse the nobles of his country, because he was afraid that the nobles would be so powerful that the monarch would be restrained by them. He would rather reuse foreign guests. No matter how powerful a foreigner is, he is the only one. They can't build their own power and threaten the monarch like the giants. During his administration? Guo Yi 12, driving a thousand miles? The whole vast western region is under his sole control.
Militarily:
Qin Mugong runs the army well, and the Qin people have a tradition of raising horses since ancient times, which can be said to be a nation on horseback. After Qin Mugong came to power, he took advantage of this to set up a cavalry unit and equipped every soldier with a dagger. This was much earlier than Zhao Yong, King of Wuling of Zhao, reorganized Khufu's riding and shooting. Idiom? Unarmed? That's why it came.
The struggle with Kim
In the winter of the thirty-second year of Qin Mugong (628 BC), Jin Wengong died. At this time, Qi Zi sent a letter from Zheng to Qin. Zheng's men gave me the key to the north gate. If I send troops quietly, Zheng can get it. ? Zhao asked Shujian and Baijila, both of whom advised him not to take such military action. Qin Mugong didn't listen, but sent Meng, the son of Priscilla, Uncle Xiqi and Uncle Baiqi C 3, the sons of Uncle Jian. Qin made an expedition to Zheng, but failed to return. On the way back, he wiped out the slippery country. Sliding is a country with the same surname as Jin. At that time, Jin Wengong had not been buried. Prince xianggong said angrily:? Qin deceived me and lost my father, taking the opportunity to attack and destroy my country with the same surname. ? So they dyed their mourning clothes black, sent troops to the mountains to stop the attack, defeated Qin Jun, and captured three generals of Qin. Jin Wengong's wife, Wenbo, tricked Jin Xianggong into releasing the three generals of Qin. After Meng, Xi Gai and Bai Gai returned to the State of Qin, instead of punishing them, they were restored to their official positions and trusted them more. Thirty-four years ago (626 BC), Zhao Paimeng and others led the troops eastward to fight the Jin Army in (now northeast of Baishui, Shaanxi) and failed again.
Dominate Xirong
In the first year of Qin Mugong (659 BC), the Rong people who personally led troops to crusade against Jin Mao (now Ruicheng East, Shaanxi Province) began to expand their territory. In the thirty-second year of Zhao (624 BC), Qin Mugong Zhao personally led an army to crusade against the State of Jin. After crossing the Yellow River, all the ferries were burned, which showed his determination to fight to the death with the enemy. Qin Jun captured Wang Guan (now west of wenxi county) and its suburbs. Jin refused to take part in the war, crossed the Yellow River to Nan 'an hillock, where he erected a monument for the soldiers who died, and then returned to China. Turn to the west.
Qin Mugong tried to compete for hegemony in the Central Plains of the East, but because the eastern passage was blocked by gold, the three generations of kings of the State of Jin watched helplessly and became the hegemon, which was really furious. He ignored the death of the old minister Priscilla and Uncle Jian, and took advantage of his recent death to move eastward three times, but only learned the lesson of numerous bones and blood. In the last few years in power, Qin Mugong finally changed its eastward strategy, turned westward, annexed twenty countries in Xirong, and expanded its territory, which laid the foundation for Qin to unify China after 400 years, and Qin dominated the area west of Hanguguan. Dominate Xirong? . ? And the twelfth country is thousands of miles away? .
In the thirty-sixth year of Qin Mugong (624 BC), Qin Jun captured Wang Guan (now west of wenxi county, Shaanxi) and its suburbs. In the thirty-seventh year of Qin Mugong (623 BC), Qin Jun went to Xirong, surrounded Mianzhu with lightning speed, and captured Mianzhu alive under the bottle. Qin Mugong struggled forward, and more than 20 small Rong Di countries surrendered to Qin one after another. The territory of the State of Qin is thousands of miles, with its national boundaries stretching south to the Qinling Mountains, west to Dida Road (now Lintao, Gansu), north to Yan Rong (now Yanchi, Ningxia) and east to the Yellow River. Mu Zhaogong Ba Xi Rong? . King Xiang of Zhou sent Zhao Gong to Qin Mugong with a golden drum to congratulate him.
Diplomatically:
In the ninth year of Qin Mugong (65 BC1), Jin Xiangong died, and Li Jizhi succeeded to the throne, and was immediately killed by his minister Li Ke. Qin Mugong sent hundreds of miles of troops to send Yiwu back to China to succeed him, for Jin. Yiwu promised in advance to cut the eight cities in Hexi to Qin as a thank-you gift, but he broke the contract after he succeeded to the throne. Pipao, the minister of the Jin Dynasty, fled to the State of Qin and was highly valued by Qin Mugong. In the 12th year of Qin Mugong (648 BC), the State of Jin suffered from drought, and a large amount of millet was transported to the State of Jin.
In the 14th year of Qin Mugong (646 BC), there was a famine in the State of Qin. Jin not only refused to provide food relief to Qin, but took the opportunity to send troops to attack Qin the following year. The two sides fought in Hanyuan and finally captured Kim alive. At the request of Zhou Xiang Wang He, Zhao allied with Jin and took it back. Jin sent a prince to Qin as a proton and dedicated the west of the Yellow River to Qin. The eastern border of Qin extends to Longmen.
In the 23rd year of Qin Mugong (637 BC), Jin died, and his son fled back to China to succeed him, in order to continue persecuting his fugitive son. So, Qin Mugong welcomed Zhong Er from Chu, gave him a grand reception, married his daughter Wenbo and the daughters of four sons, and the next year, for the sake of Jin Wengong, sent Zhong Er back to China to be your husband. Jin Wengong killed Zi Cong, and with the participation of Qin, Zunwang defeated Cheng Chunpu and became the overlord.
In 30 years (630 BC), Qin sent troops to help encircle Zheng. Zheng Laochen hanged himself at night and escaped from the besieged city. When he met Qin Mugong, he said? The downfall of Zheng was not good for Qin. The strength of the state of Jin is enhanced, which is equivalent to the weakening of the state of Qin. Besides, the Jin people opened a territory in the East this time and will fight Qin in the West next time. Why do you want to harm the interests of your own country and help the state of Jin? ? He said that he had formed an alliance with Zheng, stayed together, defended the village, and withdrew.
Many celebrities in history spoke highly of Mu Gong:
Gentleman at that time: Qin Mugong was widely beneficial to the country, the east was stronger than Jin, and the west was weaker than Yi. But not a vassal leader, it is also appropriate. Die and abandon the people, accept their good ministers and die. Besides, the collapse of the late king is still a moral issue. What about the good people, the good ministers, and the people who were taken away? Therefore, it is known that Qin Dongzheng cannot be recovered. ?
Confucius:? Although its country is small, its ambition is great; Although the place is remote, but politically. His actions are also fruitful, his plans are harmonious, and the law is selfless and unpleasant. He was the first doctor to be disdained. After talking with him for three days, he was granted political power. Take this as an example. Although Kelly is strong, its bully is few. ?
Qin Xiaogong Quliang:? I once practiced virtue and martial arts between Mu Gong and Yong. Dongping Jin rebellion, with the river as the boundary. Xiba Rongzhai is a vast land. The son of heaven sent a message to Bo, and his ministers paid tribute to him. It is very beautiful to start a business for future generations. ?
Historical records of Sima Qian: 1. Since the Qin Dynasty, Xiang Gong, Zhang, Miao, Xian and Xiao have slightly invaded the six countries for hundreds of years, and it was not until the first emperor (Ying Zheng) that they got married. ? 2.？ Mu Gong is righteous and sorrowful; Man is a sacrifice, and poetry is a yellow bird. ? 3.？ Yan Yue attacked Shanrong, Zhao Lingyue took Khan as a mere Zhao Fu, took Baili as Xirong, and Chu as a vassal. ?
"Zuo Zhuan" Lu Wengong for six years. Mu Gong was a good minion. The three sons of Ziche family, Yan Xi, Zhong Xing and Zhen Xuan, were all good people of Qin. China people mourned it and gave it a "yellow bird". ?
Zuo Qiuming's Zuo Zhuan: A gentleman knows that Qin Mugong is a gentleman, and he is also a member of the people. ?
Jia Yi's On Qin: Since Mu Gong, as for more than 20 kings of Qin, they are often governors. ?
Zhu:? According to historical records, 66 people died at the beginning. To Mu Gong, there are 177 people, and the three virtues are strict. From the beginning, the flag was changed out of the custom of honor house, and no wise kings and scholars condemned it. So I'm used to it, although I have to be a sage of Mu Gong. ?