Restore the true colors of Cao Cao from the real history. Is he a hero or a traitor?

In the history of China, the most accomplished emperors: Qin Shihuang, Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, Emperor Taizong and Ming Taizu ... In the history of China, the most capable emperors: Ming Taizu, Emperor Taizong and Emperor Gaozu ... In the history of China, the most capable emperors: Emperor Taizong, Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty and Ming Taizu ... If compared with these top super cows in history, Cao Cao, Emperor Wu of Wei in the Three Kingdoms period, naturally succeeded from ability. However, compared with these people, it is undeniable that Cao Cao is also an outstanding politician, strategist and writer. Cao Cao started in the troubled times at the end of the Han Dynasty and struggled for more than ten years to pacify Yuan Shao, Yuan Shu brothers, Lu Bu, Liu Biao, Zhang Xiu, Ma Chao and Han Sui and unify the Central Plains. At the same time, it resumed production, stabilized people's hearts, suppressed strongmen, recruited refugees, cultivated land, advised farmers and mulberry to build water conservancy projects, so that the people under its rule could have adequate food and clothing, and the productivity in northern China was greatly restored. Cao Cao is broad-minded, breaking the old rules, appointing people on their merits, innovating politics and being proficient in the art of war. He is good at poetry, prose and martial arts, and they are all exquisite. He was named the best, the most extraordinary and the most outstanding person by Chen Shou, the author of Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Zhuge Liang, the contemporary enemy minister, was also impressed by Cao Cao's personal ability: Cao Cao's wisdom and tactics were unique to others, and he used his troops like Sun Wu. Another great contribution of Cao Cao goes down in history, that is, in the chaos of ten rooms and nine empty spaces at the end of the Han Dynasty, almost one man and one * * * moved to the northern part of the Central Plains, and one * * * commanded eleven victories to fight against the Yidi army, wiped out Wuhuan, suppressed the Xiongnu, pacified the frontier and surrendered Xianbei, which made all parties invading the Central Plains a disaster. You know, in A.D. 177, that is, seven years before the Yellow turban insurrectionary uprising, three armies of the Eastern Han Dynasty, with a total of 50,000 fighters, went to conquer the Xianbei people in the unified desert and were directly defeated by the enemy. The adult horses lost 70% to 80% and only fled back to 20%. As for the Xiqiang tribe, it dragged the Eastern Han Dynasty into the Hundred Years' War, which made the overwhelmed Han court once intend to give up Liangzhou. Finally, Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Cao Zhen solved this century-old problem. It can even be said that in the 200 years since the Eastern Han Dynasty, except for Dou Xian's Ran Yan Xerox, it wiped out the northern Xiongnu and Ban Chao's western regions, and defeated the Guishuang Imperial Expeditionary Force, which ruled Central Asia and North India, that is, the years when Cao Cao was prime minister. Later, in the orthodox history books from Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties to Sui and Tang Dynasties, Cao Cao was regarded as a generation of emperors dominated by talent, because he had both literary talent and martial arts, and was often compared with Liu Xiu, Guangwu Emperor. Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, praised Cao Cao for "being brave and good at fighting, facing difficulties, being a pillar, and making meritorious mistakes". Posthumous title of Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, was taken from A Xin by Cao Cao. In the Tang Dynasty, the emperor's temple was formally established. At the end of the Han Dynasty, Cao Cao was the only monarch selected, accompanied by Zhong You and Yu Xun. On the other hand, Cao Cao also killed the Empress of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Prince and a number of ministers loyal to the Han Dynasty because of the initiative of "holding the emperor to make the princes", but he did not become an emperor before his death, so he did not have the "immunity" of the founding emperor. Therefore, since the Song Dynasty, with the imperial examination bureaucrats replacing aristocratic families, the interests of the monarch have been greatly strengthened. Cao Cao was attacked by Confucian scholars in the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, and was regarded as a "Han thief" and a traitor by feudal orthodoxy. He was also a representative of usurping power and chaos with Wang Mang. At the same time, it gradually became a negative figure in the public impression and was smeared on the stage of Peking Opera in later generations. In the Qing Dynasty, Cao Cao, who occupied Kyushu in the Central Plains, was regarded as a tyrant and puppet regime. Instead, Liu Bei, who was the only orthodox dynasty in Yizhou, was replaced by Zhuge Liang and Zhao Yun in the imperial temples of past dynasties. Romance of the Three Kingdoms is one of China's four classical novels. It was written at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, and it inherited the ideological atmosphere of "supporting Liu and opposing Cao" from the official to the folk. After the book was widely circulated, dramas, movies and games with the theme of Three Kingdoms were all based on it, which was widely circulated even in the network age of 2 1 century, and made Cao Cao one of the most famous and controversial figures in ancient China. But Luo Guanzhong, the author, is actually very positive about Cao Cao's ability, and in his book, he is highly praised: Wei Taizu is a hero, and the world has swept away the smoke. Wisdom is stored in all actions, making good use of high and low-level talents. Drive millions of people and pay close attention to Article 13. Heroes rise at the same time, who dares to whip? Another example is that when Cao Cao burned the letters of his subordinates who had an affair with Yuan Shao after the Battle of Guandu, Luo Guanzhong also nominated for praise: burning private books in the fire and generously spreading kindness. Cao Gong's original height won the mountains and rivers to pay his descendants. Of course, The Romance of the Three Kingdoms focuses on the villain Cao Cao from the perspective of Liu Bei. Therefore, many readers' understanding of Cao Cao's life focuses on his many encounters with heroes such as Yuan Shao, Lu Bu, Liu Bei and Sun Quan, but they know almost nothing about Cao Cao's political, economic and military actions. Therefore, they naturally do not have a comprehensive understanding of Cao Cao's historical achievements and status. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, many ordinary people, with their literacy rate at that time, had a historical understanding of the Three Kingdoms at the end of the Han Dynasty a thousand years ago, and their judgment on the loyalty and treachery of Cao Cao, an important historical figure, was subtly instilled by feudal ruling groups and Confucian scholars through plays and novels. For example, Mao Zonggang and his son, the pedants in the Qing Dynasty, greatly deleted the praise of Cao Cao's ability and achievements from Luo Guanzhong's original works, because it was more in line with feudal orthodoxy, and this version became a popular version of the romance. Therefore, the generation of great men who reversed Cao Cao's conviction once said: Cao Cao is a white-faced traitor. It is written in the book, played in the play, and said by the people. It is an unjust case created by feudal orthodoxy. Those reactionary gentry are monopolists of feudal culture and written to safeguard feudal orthodoxy. This case should be overturned. It is true that Cao Cao, as a feudal monarch who grew up as a feudal warlord, certainly has its historical limitations. The oppressed side of the people cannot be white and flawless. During the conquest of Xuzhou, there were many butchers. After the battle of Guandu, 70,000 soldiers were killed. It is of course normal and correct to criticize Cao Cao's slaughter of prisoners from the standpoint of humanitarianism and people-oriented. But for Cao Cao as a whole, the merits and demerits are definitely greater than the merits and demerits. Some heroes who have made outstanding historical contributions to the country and the nation must be denied as much as possible because of their mistakes. We all know whether they sincerely sympathize with the unfortunate Xuzhou people and Guandu's surrender, or whether they presuppose their position first and then deliberately find the punishment. Look at countless people who have gone to great lengths to vindicate the death of 400,000 Zhao in the battle of Changping, and to vindicate all kinds of alliances and treachery of Qin in the Warring States. Even this view has gained the upper hand in the mainstream, which shows how ridiculous the "pink circle theory of history" is especially aimed at the Cao Cao massacre and Sun Quan's betrayal of the alliance. What's more, some people with a little knowledge still cling to the theory of "Han thief" in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms and the legacy of the Qing Dynasty, and even talk nonsense about "Cao Cao belongs to Yi Zhongtian * * *", "People who like Cao Cao only look at the history of Yi Zhongtian". In the face of conclusive evidence that all kinds of great men have cleared Cao Cao's name, they must desperately deny it and then confuse other ignorant people. However, there is still a long way to go to follow the teachings of great men, treat history realistically, stress truth, and completely break feudal orthodoxy, just like the "Han thief Cao Cao". However, no matter how far we go, we must follow the path pioneered by our predecessors, even if it is one thousand or two thousand years. At the beginning of 20 19, the box office was a great success, and it was highly praised by major official media and even China's sci-fi masterpiece "Clock: Wandering Earth". The ending song was adapted from Cao Cao's "Looking at the Sea". Surprise! Wei Wu brandished a whip, which not only left a legacy in Jieshi in the East, but also traveled in space with the rapid development of China films, and was widely publicized to all mankind. Finally, with the great historical process of the rise and rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the patriotic trend of thought is unprecedentedly high. Okoyi of Sifang, as a national hero who pacified Qiang Lu, destroyed Wu Huan, suppressed Huns and subdued Xianbei before his death, could not have taken the opportunity to make trouble in the troubled times at the end of the Han Dynasty, and his historical position would only be higher and higher in the future. We can wait and see.