Paragraph 1, describes the scene of a night tour in Red Cliff. The author "goes boating under Red Cliff with guests", falls into the embrace of nature, and enjoys the beauty of the breeze, white dew, mountains, flowing water, moonlight, and skylight. When he was excited, he recited the first chapter of "The Book of Songs: Moonrise": "The moonrise is bright, and there are outstanding people. It is comfortable and graceful, and the hard work is quiet." The bright moon is compared to a delicate beauty, looking forward to it. Watching her rise. Echoing the poem "Moonrise", "A little while ago, the moon rose above the east mountain, wandering among the bullfights." It also leads to the author's own song below: "Looking at the beauty in the sky", with consistent emotion and literary style. The word "wandering" vividly and vividly depicts the soft moonlight that seems to be extremely attached and affectionate to tourists. Under the bright moonlight, a vast white mist enveloped the river, and the skylight and water colors merged into one, as the saying goes, "Autumn water always has the same color as the sky" (Wang Bo's "Preface to Prince Teng's Pavilion"). At this time, tourists are open-minded, comfortable and unrestrained, so "as far as a reed is concerned, the vast expanse of land is at a loss", riding a small boat, drifting with the waves on the vast and endless river where "the waves are calm", it's like Flying on the wind in space, leaving the world leisurely, detached and independent; it is like growing wings and soaring into fairyland. The vast river and the free and easy mind leap out of the author's writing, and the joy of boating is beyond words. This is the front part of this article describing the "boating" tour to enjoy the scenery. It expresses emotions with the scenery, blends the emotions into the scenery, and the scene is beautiful.
The second paragraph describes the joy of the author drinking and singing and the sad sound of the flute of the guests. The author was extremely happy while drinking, and sang while leaning on the boat to express his melancholy and frustration about missing the "beauty". The "beauty" mentioned here is actually the author's ideal and the embodiment of all beautiful things. The song says: "The osmanthus is on the orchid oar, and the sky is bright and the flowing light is traced. It is dim and vague, and I look forward to the beauty in the sky." These lyrics are all adapted from "Chu Ci? Shao Siming": "Looking at the beauty and looking at the future. , The meaning of "Songs of Havoc in the Wind" is embodied in the content of "Reciting the poem of the bright moon and singing the graceful chapter" above. Because he longed for the beautiful woman but could not see her, he had already expressed his frustration and sadness. In addition, the guests played the flute and sang in harmony with her. The tone of the flute was sad and resentful, "like resentment, like admiration, like crying, like complaining, and the lingering sound lingered endlessly." "Like a thread" actually caused the dragon hidden in the ravine to dance and made the widow who was alone in the boat cry. A Dongxiao song is sad and graceful, and its sad and low tone is deeply touching, causing the author's emotions to suddenly change, from joy to sadness, and the article also rises and falls due to this, and the literary spirit is lifted.
In the third paragraph, write about the guest’s lament about the shortness and impermanence of life. This section switches from describing the natural scenery of Chibi to describing the historical monuments of Chibi. The host asked "Why is it so?" and the guest answered with the historical monuments of Chibi. The cultural and scientific transition was natural. But the article does not state the matter directly, but uses two questions in succession. First, he asked Cao Cao's "Dan Ge Xing": "Isn't this a poem by Cao Mengde?" Then he asked based on the mountains and rivers in front of him: "Isn't this a poem by Mengde who was trapped by Zhou Lang?" The two questions made the article more general. Make waves. Then, it recounted the past events when Cao Cao defeated Jingzhou and forced Liu Cong to surrender. At that time, Cao Cao's mighty army came down the river from Jiangling, with warships connected for thousands of miles, and battle flags covering the sky and the sun. Cao Cao was full of ambition and arrogance. He drank wine across the river from the bow of the boat and composed poems across the river. He could be called "the hero of his lifetime"! Where is he now? Heroes like Cao Cao are only famous for a short time, let alone my generation! Therefore, now I can only lament the shortness of my life, envy the endless flow of the river, and hope to interact with the gods and be with the bright moon. But those are all unrealistic fantasies, so the sorrow and sorrow are "left in the sad wind" and conveyed through the sound of the flute. The guest's answer showed a nihilistic thought and a negative outlook on life, which was one aspect of Su Shi's thoughts that he expressed through the guest's mouth.
Paragraph 4 is Su Shi’s statement of his own opinions on the guest’s emotion about the impermanence of life, in order to comfort him. The guest once "envied the infinity of the Yangtze River" and wished to "hold the bright moon forever". Su Shi used rivers and bright moons as metaphors and put forward the understanding that "the dead are like this, but they have not yet passed; the ups and downs are like that, but the dead are not waxing and waning." If you look at things from the perspective of change, the existence of heaven and earth only lasts for a moment; if you look at it from the perspective of change, then things and human beings are endless, so why envy the rivers, the bright moon and the heaven and earth! Naturally, there is no need to "sorrow for a moment of my life"! This reflects Su Shi's open-minded outlook on the universe and life. He favors looking at problems from multiple angles but does not agree to make them absolute. Therefore, he can maintain an open-minded, detached, optimistic and adaptable mental state even in adversity. And can be freed from the uncertainty of life and treat life rationally. Then, the author further explained that everything in heaven and earth has its own owner and individuals cannot force it. So what do we have? The breeze on the river has sounds, the bright moon in the mountains has color, the mountains and rivers are endless, the wind and moon last forever, the heaven and earth are selfless, the sounds and colors are entertaining, we can just wander around and enjoy ourselves. This feeling and scene are due to Li Bai's "Song of Xiangyang": "You don't need a penny to buy the cool breeze and the bright moon, and Yushan has fallen by itself and no one can recommend it." It is further deepened.
In paragraph 5, after listening to the author's talk, the writer turned from sadness to joy and drank happily. "We were sleeping together in the boat, not knowing how white the east was." Echoing the beginning, it describes the joy of travel and appreciation, and the state of forgetting gains and losses, and transcending things.
Fang Bao, an ancient writer in the Qing Dynasty, commented on this article and said: "Everything I see is extraordinary, but the literary realm is inaccessible. Liangyou's body is free and the ground is wide, his chest is clear of debris, and his touch is exposed. It is full of consideration, but I don't know why it is so. Why can't others imitate it? Even if Zizhan does it better, he can't be so adjusted and smooth." (Quoted from "Commentaries on Ancient Chinese Ci") Su Shi used various artistic techniques. Showing his magnanimity, only by forgetting gains and losses and being magnanimous can he write "Chibi Fu" with "unattainable literary realm".
Its characteristics are
(1) Combination of parallel prose and prose
This article not only retains the characteristics and charm of poetry in traditional fu style, but at the same time It absorbs the style and techniques of prose, breaks the constraints of sentence structure, and the duality of pronunciation and rhythm. It is more of a composition of prose, making the article have both the deep emotional charm of poetry and the penetrating ideas of prose. The style and tone of the prose make the whole article gloomy and frustrating, like "a spring of ten thousand dendrobiums gushing out". Different from Fu's emphasis on duality, it is relatively freer. For example, the opening paragraph "In the autumn of Renxu, in July, Su Zi and his guests went boating under Red Cliff". They are all in prose, and there are some scattered among them. Due to tidying up. From the following to the end of the article, most of it rhymes, but the rhyme changes are quick, and the rhyme change is often a paragraph of literary meaning. This makes this article particularly suitable for reading, and it is very beautiful in sound and rhyme, reflecting the strengths of rhyme.
(2) Beautiful image, good at taking examples
For example, describing the sound of the flute: "The sound is whining, like resentment, like admiration, like crying, like complaining, and the lingering sound is lingering. , like a strand of silk, dancing in the deep valley, weeping in the lonely boat." The six metaphors used in succession exaggerate the sadness of the flute sound, and convey the abstract and elusive sound to the reader's vision and hearing. It is tangible and the effect is excellent.