Teaching objectives
1. Read poetry, grasp emotions and feel the rhythmic beauty of poetry.
2. Analyze the core image "lark" and master the use of symbolism.
3. Analyze the expressive effect of metaphor, contrast and other rhetorical devices in the text, and understand the expressive methods of romanticism.
Emphasis and difficulty in teaching
By appreciating the image of "lark", we can understand the spiritual ideal expressed in the whole poem.
teaching method
Use the methods of recitation, appreciation and cooperative inquiry to achieve the teaching objectives.
Teaching hours 1 hour
teaching process
First, the introduction of new courses.
"If winter comes, can spring be far behind?" I believe everyone is familiar with this sentence, which comes from the English poet Shelley's ode to the west wind. This poem gives people a good hope in the cold winter. Although it is a cold and bleak winter, winter has passed and spring is coming. At that time, the earth will recover, the spring breeze will be warm, and the spring will be bright, full of sunshine and hope. Today, we are going to learn another poem by Shelley-To a lark.
Second, the writer's brief introduction
1. Meet the author-Shelley
Percy bysshe shelley (English original name: Percybysheshelley) (1792—1822) is a famous British writer and a romantic democratic poet. He is regarded as one of the best English poets in history, the first socialist poet, novelist, philosopher, prose and political writer, reformer, Platonist and idealist.
Shelley was born in Wernham, near horsham, Sussex. /kloc-entered Eton College at the age of 0/2, 1, 8 1, and was expelled from Oxford University on March 25th because of the necessity of spreading atheism. 18 1 165438 completed the narrative poem Queen Mabu in October, and from 18 18 to19, Prometheus was liberated and "Prometheus was liberated" 1822 died on July 8th. Engels called him a "genius prophet".
Anecdotes of characters
1822, Shelley's Greek was published, and he moved to the town of Lerridge near Bezia Bay. 1June, 822, began to write the long poem "Triumph of Life". Before the poem was finished, he went to see his good friend Lee Hunt. On July 8 of the same year, the two men returned to Shelley's home by Shelley's Don Juan. But suddenly there was a strong wind off the sea of spezia, and the storm overturned their boat.
In the end, both of them fell into the sea. It was not until a few days later that a swollen body was found at the seaside that they recognized it as Shelley by the unfinished poems in his pocket.
In this way, a generation of master Shelley died in an accident. In view of Shelley's influence on British literature and the confusion of his private life, the whole world celebrated after the British learned of Shelley's death.
Although Britain is now proud of Shelley as a poet, Shelley was so rejected by the British at that time that the news of his death can still cheer the British up.
2. Understand the writing background
When the poet wrote this poem, darkness and terror were hanging over England. Large-scale "enclosure movement" displaced, a large number of workers living on the streets, the law of the jungle everywhere; The severe economic crisis has led to soaring prices, plummeting wages of workers and poor people's lives. Angry workers went on strike, smashed machines and marched and petitioned, but all these actions were brutally suppressed by the ruling class. This dark tyranny is almost overwhelming, so people's yearning for a bright and happy life is very urgent. This poem by Shelley reflects this urgent desire of people at that time to some extent.
Know larks
Lark is a kind of bird, slightly bigger than sparrow. It is famous for its lively and pleasant singing. It will sing when flying at high altitude, then make a spectacular dive and return to the ground. Habitat in grasslands, arid plains, swamps and wetlands. Because it nests on the ground and likes to fly high, it often rises from its "territory" and flies directly into the sky, screaming and flying higher and higher. Therefore, the lark is often chosen as the object of eulogy by poets.
Third, recitation perception
Listen and read aloud.
2. Mark the rhythm and stress of the whole poem and read the whole poem.
Hello, Happy/Genie!
You seem/have never been/a bird,
From or near heaven,
With a hearty/pleasant voice,
Don't be elegant, pour out your heart.
Up, up/up,
Jump up from the ground/you,
Like a/burning/faint cloud,
Left/blue/heavenly heart,
Always/sing/fly, fly/sing.
3. Reading teaching
The whole poem To the Lark is ***2 1, which is long, but the overall center around a core image "Lark" is clear, but attention should be paid to grasping emotional clues and understanding different emotional expressions around a core when reading aloud. When reciting, we should grasp the cheerful tone, and pause mainly at two or three meals and two or two meals. Because the rhythm is cheerful, we should do more treatments such as light, rising and rising at the end.
4. Teachers demonstrate reading.
Fourth, overall perception.
1. After reading Shelley's To the Lark, please try to summarize the main contents?
Obviously, it depicts the image of a lark calling for dawn in the dark. The poet wrote his spiritual realm, aesthetic ideal and artistic reward with full passion. In the poem, he imitates the rhythm of the lark flying high, and the lark sings while flying, and the song becomes brighter and brighter, flying higher and higher. While listening to the lark's singing, the poet hopes that his singing can also bring happiness and hope to people. The "cloud" in To the Lark is described as something with great vitality. It absorbs water from rivers, lakes and seas, and then rains on the earth to cultivate beautiful flowers.
2. Analysis of the image of "lark"
6 1548; The first part:
Section 1 gives an overall evaluation and praise to the lark and its singing.
In the second paragraph, the lark jumped up from the ground and sang while flying.
3-4 larks rise into the clear sky to welcome the sunrise or send away the sunset.
Verses 5-7 compare the singing of larks with the sharp arrows of starlight, the brightness of bright moon and the beautiful rain falling in neon clouds.
Summary: Created a happy lark image.
6 1548; The second part:
Section 8 compares larks to poets.
Section 9- 1 1 compares the singing of larks to the sweet singing of noble girls, fireflies and glittering streamers, roses and intoxicating fragrance.
In the 12 section, writing larks is not only clear, fresh and happy.
Summary: It has shaped the image of lark spreading love and light.
6 1548; The third part:
Section 13- 15 discusses the root of beauty.
Section 16- 17 explores the real source of happiness.
Section 18-20, the root of unhappiness.
Summary: Created the image of a lark and a rich car.
6 1548; The fourth part:
Paragraph 2 1 expresses his wishes and ambitions in a sigh tone-the joy of having larks.
Abstract: It created the ideal image of harmony and passion of lark.
To sum up, the lark image in Shelley's poems is not a pure lark in essence, but an ideal self-image of the poet, or an ideal image carrier of the poet. Poets and larks are similar in many ways: they both pursue light, despise the ground and yearn for an ideal world. The only difference is that the poet painfully felt the huge gap between ideal and reality, which does not exist for larks. Judging from the tone of the whole poem, although Shelley felt the pain of distant ideals, he still surpassed sentimentality with a rising positive emotion.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) taste appreciation
(A) image analysis
1. What are the characteristics of "lark" in poetry? How to understand the image of "lark"?
Clarity: The lark image in the poem is not a lark in essence, but the poet's ideal self-image or the image carrier of the poet's ideal. Poets and larks are similar in many ways.
The lark flies high, reflecting the poet's persistent and cynical attitude. Larks broadcast songs invisibly, which shows that poets do not seek fame and fortune.
Larks represent light, joy, freedom and full love for life. This image is the poet's idealized self, which shows the ideal image in the romantic era. Through the image of lark, the poet expressed his feelings of pursuing light, despising darkness and yearning for an ideal world.
2. What does the image of lark symbolize in the poem?
Exploration: In the poet's pen, the lark is a symbol of joy, light and beauty.
(B) Appreciation skills
1. Q: How did the poet shape the happy ideal image of "lark"?
It is clear (1) that it is "like a faint cloud of fire", and it vividly depicts the lark jumping up and singing while flying by using figurative rhetoric, which is also the spiritual portrayal of the poet's contempt for dark reality, pursuit of bright truth and courage to devote himself to his ideal.
② Using metaphor, synaesthesia and other visual images, the beautiful feeling of hearing is described by "sharp arrow of starlight" and "bright moon", which makes the abstraction become concrete.
(3) The poet used his unique imagination to compare the lark to a poet, to a girl in a boudoir, and to a firefly, so that the beautiful image of the lark was vividly displayed in front of readers, highlighting that the lark could bring hope to people and awaken people's souls. .
The poet compared the lark's singing with the spring rain, the chorus at the wedding and the song of victory, highlighting the great power of the lark's singing.
Summary: The poet uses peculiar imagination and flexible rhetorical devices such as metaphor, analogy, contrast, questioning and synaesthesia to describe the lark, and then praises the lark, which has profound implications.
2. What are the language styles and expressive skills of poetry?
Exploration: Poetry is very skillful in artistic expression, with concise words, strong sense of rhythm, beautiful and lively style, and the article is magnificent and open. Poetry is full of vitality and spirit, and it has a forward force. Shelley attached great importance to the social significance of art and thought that the creation of art promoted the transformation of life according to the principles of justice and beauty. Poets exaggerate noble sentiments in order to arouse readers' general excitement, express their desire for virtue and awaken people's strong feelings about the incompatibility of despicable desires. He said, "A great poem is an inexhaustible source of wisdom and happiness." To the lark embodies and contains almost all the main points of Shelley's poetic theory.
6 1548; The beauty of phonology and form
The poem "To the Lark" is neat in form, with five lines in each section, one short and one long. Moreover, the first four short lines of each poem are composed of three iambic pentameter, and the last long line is composed of six iambic pentameter. This innovative phonological form is that the poet is deliberately imitating the lark's song, thus achieving a fusion and correspondence in the rhythm and sensory effect of poetry. Each section of the poem is composed of the ending rhyme of AABB, which is catchy to read and full of musical sense.
6 1548; Contrast of rhetoric language
Poetry is a unique language form, and clever use of rhetoric is an important means to enhance the image and artistry of poetry language, "enriching the connotation of poetry and enhancing the artistic tension of poetry". Mr. Gu once said that poetry is written by metaphor, and the same is true for larks. The metaphor in the poem covers the whole article, accurately describes the cheerful singing and extraordinary spirit of the lark, and introduces the image of the lark repeatedly praised by many poets from a brand-new perspective, which makes people shine.
The first section of the opening chapter uses metaphor to break through the world's consistent understanding of the lark, and compares the lark to an elf, which embodies its implicit meaning of putting the spirit of the lark above the form and highlights the spiritual significance of this poem.
6 1548; Poetic sublimation
In the opening sentence, the poet called lark an elf, which laid the bright tone of the whole poem. Shelley once said, "Poetry is the record of the happiest and most perfect moment in the happiest and kindest mind." Larks have become the symbol of freedom, the embodiment of happiness and the source of strength in the poet's mind, and readers have also been infected by them, igniting the yearning for freedom. In the whole poem, Shelley praised the lark's high-spirited, brave and free image by using various phonological and rhetorical devices, and also showed readers a series of beautiful things such as beautiful colors, beautiful voices and beautiful fragrance. Shelley compared the lark to "a poet who undertakes a historical mission". At this time, the artistic conception of the work has been expanded and deepened, and the lark has become the embodiment and spokesperson of the poet. The song of lark is a free song, which has become the poet's ideal self-image and ideal image carrier.
Question: This is a decisive sentence, which implies that I have conquered one height after another, the gap between goals and efforts, and some kind of "take a breath first" decision.
Sixth, clarify the main idea.
For the lark, there is no place not to write about the lark, and there is no place not to find Shelley's self, which is the poet's idealized self-portrayal. As brandeis said, Shelley's ego is big enough to contain the whole universe. Poetry enthusiastically praises larks with romanticism, which shows the poet's own beautiful ideal and pursuit of light.
Seven, expand reading
Ode to the west wind (excerpt)
Wild west wind, you are the breath of late autumn,
Because of your invisible existence, dead leaves are scattered everywhere,
As the devil saw the guide, he had to avoid it:
Those dead leaves are black and white, red and yellow,
Like a group of people suffering from the plague, oh, you,
West wind, you let the seeds spread their wings,
Fly to the dark winter bed, lie down coldly,
Like a body buried in a grave until
Your blue Yangchun sister returned home in triumph,
Blow her horn to the sleeping earth,
Accelerating germination is like driving a flock of sheep to eat grass.
Let the mountains and plains be filled with the fragrance of life;
Evil spirit, you are everywhere,
Oh, listen, you're destroying and saving!
Think about the context and understand that "you are destroying and saving!" This poem is about what the west wind is destroying and what it is saving.
Clear away the damage: let the dead leaves flee everywhere and hide in succession. Preservation: Let the seeds spread their wings, blow her horn to the sleeping earth, fill the mountains and plains with the fragrance of life, and bring vitality and hope to mankind.
Eight, the accumulation of Shelley's famous sentences
1. Winter has come, can spring be far behind?
2. The past belongs to death, and the future belongs to oneself.
Hard-working bees never have time to be sad.
Hope will make you young, because hope and youth are brothers.
The more we learn, the poorer we feel.
6. Smile is really a symbol of kindness, a source of happiness and a medium to get close to others. With laughter, human feelings communicate.
7. If a person has no real morality, it is impossible to have real wisdom.
8. Kissing is when souls meet on the lips of lovers. Lips are the place where two lovers and two souls meet.
Nine, homework
Choose a favorite object as the center and write a poem.