Huang Si's maiden is full of flowers,
Thousands of flowers bent the branches.
Butterflies have been dancing,
Charming songbirds sing freely.
Jueju
Two orioles sing green willows,
A line of egrets rose into the sky.
The window contains autumn snow in Xiling,
Mambo Wu Dong Wan Li Ship.
Never dive.
Spring boat on Lake Ruoya.
Deliberate euphoria has no end,
No matter what happens, I will bear it.
Me and my boat, before the night breeze,
Pass by flowers and enter the lake.
Turn to the western valley at dusk,
I was there looking at Nanxing on the other side of the mountain.
The mist rose and circled softly,
The low moon slanted through the Woods.
I choose to put aside all worldly things,
But he became an old man with a fishing rod. ..
Niaomingjian
Wang Wei
People are idle, osmanthus flowers fall, and the night is quiet and empty.
When the moon comes out, the birds are startled, and the sound enters the spring stream.
In the mountains.
Wang Wei
The stream of the river has been flowing for less than a day, and white stones are exposed on the riverbed. The weather is getting colder and the red leaves on the branches are becoming scarce.
There is no rain on the winding mountain road, the smoke is misty in the dense pine trees, and the water vapor is heavy, as if to flow, and then the clothes of passers-by.
Du Fu
Wang Yue
What a magnificent scenery Mount Tai is!
Out of Qilu, green peaks can still be seen.
The creator endowed all the mysterious nature here with elegance,
And then what? The day immediately enters dawn and dusk. ..
Caiyun lave? My mind is free and easy,
Birds fly back and forth in front of my nervous eyes ..
Once you climb to the top of the mountain, you will see,
All the other mountains are dwarfed under the sky. ..
There is not a word "Wang" in the whole poem, and every sentence is about seeing Yue. Distance is from far to near, time is from morning to dusk, from looking forward to sunset, from looking forward to the future.
The first sentence is "the grandeur of Mount Tai! ? When I first saw Mount Tai, I was so happy that I didn't know how to describe it. Very vivid. Dai is another name for Mount Tai. Being the first of the five mountains, he was honored as Daizong. "How is the husband", that is, what is it? In ancient Chinese, the word "fu" was usually used as a function word at the beginning of a sentence. It is a novelty to integrate it into poetry here. Although the word "husband" has no substantive meaning, it is indispensable. The so-called "vivid portrayal is being blocked."
"Endless green spans Qilu and Qilu" is the answer after some pondering, which is really amazing. It is neither abstractly saying that Mount Tai is high, nor using the general language of "stabbing the sky" like Xie Lingyun's "Ode to Mount Tai", but it has written its own experience in an ingenious way-beyond the border between the two countries in ancient Qilu, Mount Tai can still be seen from a distance, and the height of Mount Tai is set off by distance. Mount Tai is the land in the south and the Qi in the north, so this sentence describes the geographical characteristics and cannot be misappropriated when writing about other mountains. In the Ming Dynasty, Mo Ruzhong's poem "Wang Yuelou in Dengdong County" said: "Qilu is not yet a teenager. Who will inherit Ling Du in the poem? " He put forward this poem in particular, and it makes sense that no one can succeed.
The phrase "the creator has given all mysterious natural grace here, and? The day immediately enters dawn and dusk. " It describes the magical beauty and lofty image of Mount Tai seen from a close look, which is the footnote of the last sentence "unfinished youth". The word "zhong" is naturally affectionate. Xiangyang in front of the mountain is "Yang" and Xiangyang behind the mountain is "Yin". Because the mountain is high, it is judged to cut on the yin and yang sides of the mountain at twilight, so it is called "cutting twilight". "Qie" is a very common word, but it is really a "strange adventure" to use it here. It can be seen that the poet Du Fu's writing style of "language is not surprising and never stops" was developed in his youth. "Ceng Yun, birds are flying back and forth in front of my nervous eyes." Two sentences were written. Seeing the endless clouds in the mountains, my heart is also rippling; Because after watching it for a long time, I feel like my eyes are going to break. A homing bird refers to a bird that has returned to its nest in the forest. It is already dusk, and the poet is still in sight. It goes without saying that it contains the poet's interest in the rivers of the motherland.
Love for mountains.
"Once you climb to the top of the mountain, you will see that all the other mountains look short under the sky." These last two sentences are about the desire to climb Yue arising from looking at Yue. "Hui" is a spoken language in the Tang Dynasty, which means "must". For example, Wang Bo's "Ode to Spring": "I am a scavenger in one fell swoop, covering Zhu Xuan for a spring." Sometimes the word "Hui" is used alone, such as Sun Guangxian's "North Dream": "I will kill this vertical shaft one day!" In other words, there are often single users in Du Fu's poems, such as "Old Shu in this life, Qin after death!" It is inaccurate and arrogant to interpret "will" as "should". From these two inspiring and symbolic poems, we can see the ambition and spirit of the poet Du Fu who is not afraid of difficulties, dares to climb to the top and overlooks everything. This is the key for Du Fu to become a great poet, and it is also indispensable for all those who make a difference. This is why these two poems have been told by people for thousands of years and can still arouse our strong * * *. In Qing Dynasty, Pu Yin Long thought that Du Fu's poems "put righteousness first" and said that "Du Fu's soul is beautiful and impressive. Take it as a volume and make it a town. " (Reading Jie) also emphasized the symbolic significance of these two poems. This is exactly the same as Du Fu's "comparing himself with Qi State" in politics and "short-sighted Cao Liu Wall in anger" in creation. This poem was praised as a "swan song" by later generations, carved stone as a monument and stood at the foot of the mountain. Undoubtedly, it will be immortal with Mount Tai.
Climbing Yueyang Tower
I've always heard that Dongting Lake,
Now I finally climbed the tower.
My east is Wu, and my south is Chu.
I can see the endless floating of heaven and earth.
But my relatives and friends didn't give me news,
I am old and sick, and I am alone with my boat.
There are wars and mountains to the north of this wall.
How can I not cry by the railing? .
This poem is the masterpiece of the five laws in Du Fu's poems, and it was called the first of the five laws in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. On the whole, the grandeur of mountains and rivers and the breadth of the poet's mind are both inside and outside the poem. Although sad, but not depressed; Although depressed, but not depressed. In the Song Dynasty, Hu Zai's Tiaoxi Fishing in Conghua quoted Cai Taiwa's Xiqing Poetry as saying: "Dongting is a grand view, and there are many people who wrote it in the past dynasties ... However, if Meng Haoran's" a cloud rises from a dream valley and has been besieging Yueyang City "is not true, the Dongting is vast and the weather is magnificent, just like in front of him. It is impossible to read Du Zimei's poems. There is Wu in the east and Chu in the south, and you can see the endless drifting of heaven and earth.' Shaoling has swallowed many clouds and dreams in his chest. "
The whole poem is pure fu, and the narrative style is from beginning to end. In the past, some scholars thought that poetry used fu method, which had no image and poetic flavor. In fact, Fu method is an important way to visualize poetry, which is characterized by not paying attention to the language of poetry and the visualization of local things, but paying attention to creating the overall artistic conception of poetry. "The Story of Climbing Yueyang Tower" is a model of creating artistic images by using fu method. The artistic realm it has reached has made people feel that there is no artistic method or even language, but the poet's thoughts and feelings directly hit the soul.
House of Bamboo
Wang Wei
I leaned alone in the dense bamboo, playing the piano and humming a song.
It's too light for anyone to hear, except my partner, Mingyue.
The poet sat alone in the depths of the bamboo forest, playing the piano and whistling. No one knows his existence, only the bright moon accompanies him. Nature knows his inner loneliness best, and the bright moon brings him a quiet happiness. Things and I are one, things and I forget each other. Zen and poetry are in harmony.
Chai Lu
Wang Wei
No one can be seen in the silent valley, only the voice is heard.
The shadow of the sunset shone into the depths of the forest, and the scenery on the moss was pleasant.
Wang Wei is also good at capturing the touching moments of sound, color, painting and emotion, unifying them in the artistic conception that can best convey emotions and expressing them in appropriate language.
Gui Zhang Yixian water department
Zhu Qingyu
Last night, the candles in the bridal chamber were lit all night, waiting for dawn to worship the parents-in-law.
After putting on makeup, I asked my husband in a low voice: Is thrush deep and fashionable?
Comparing the love relationship between husband and wife or men and women with friends, teachers, students and other social relationships is a traditional way of expression in China's classical poems, which appeared in The Songs of the South and developed afterwards. This poem is also written in this way.
The title of this poem is also "Dedicated to Secretary Zhang on the eve of the government examination". This title can help readers understand the meaning of this poem. In the Tang Dynasty, scholars who wanted to take the imperial examination had the habit of writing papers for celebrities, hoping to praise them and introduce them to the assistant minister who presided over the examination. The object of Zhu Qingyu's poem is Dr. Zhang Ji from the Ministry of Water Resources. At that time, Zhang Jihe Han Yu was equally famous because he was good at literature and was willing to be promoted. Zhu Qingyu usually writes papers for him and has always been appreciated by him. The exam is coming, and he is afraid that his work may not meet the requirements of the examiner. Therefore, he compared himself with the bride, groom and in-laws as an examiner, and wrote this poem for Zhang Ji's advice.
It is an ancient custom for a bride to get married the night before meeting her in-laws. The focus of this poem is her psychological state before she went to visit. The first sentence is married. New house, here refers to the new house. Stop and get in position. Stop the red candle, that is, let the red candle burn for a night. Write an interview in the second sentence. Because the visit is a big event, she got up early, dressed up under the red candle lamp, and waited for the morning salute in front of the hall. At this time, she couldn't help wondering whether her dress was fashionable. Is whether you can please your in-laws? So the second half will continue to write her words and deeds in this mood. I carefully combed my makeup and drew my eyebrows, but I still felt uncertain, so I had to ask my husband's opinion. As a bride, of course I'm a little shy. Moreover, it is not easy to say this idea out loud for others to hear, so it is very reasonable to ask in a low voice. This writing is really meticulous.
Just like Boudoir, this poem is complete and beautiful. But the author's original intention is to express his unique anxiety and expectation when facing an exam related to his political future. For intellectuals at that time, the imperial examination for learning was as important as the marriage of girls. If you pass the exam, you will have a very broad future, otherwise, you may spend your whole life. This is like a woman marrying a family. If she is loved by her husband and in-laws, her position will be stable and her situation will be smooth. Otherwise, life will be hard. The poet's metaphor comes from the real social life and is typical under the historical conditions at that time. Even today, we can't help but marvel at his ability to kill two birds with one stone.
This poem by Zhu Qingyu was clearly answered by Zhang Ji. In Zhu Qing language, he wrote:
"Yue Nv new makeup mirror heart, self-knowledge Yan Ming more thoughtful.
When Wan Qi was young, people were expensive, and a classic soul song was the enemy of ten thousand gold. "
Because Zhu's poems are comparative, so are Zhang's poems. In this poem, he compared Zhu Qingyu to a girl who picked on ling. She is beautiful and has a nice voice. So she must be appreciated, suggesting that she doesn't have to worry about this exam.
The first sentence is about the identity and appearance of the girl. She is a ling-picking girl in Yuezhou. At this time, she just dressed up and appeared in the middle of Jinghu Lake, singing while picking diamonds. Write her mood in the second sentence. Of course she knows that she is beautiful and radiant. But I meditated again because I had too many hobbies. (thoughtfully, this means meditation and taste, and it is extended to secretly ponder and think. Zhu Qingyu is a native of Yuezhou (now Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province). There are many beautiful women in Yuezhou, and Jinghu Lake is a scenic spot. So Zhang Ji compared him to Yue Nv and appeared in the mirror. These two sentences are responses to the last two sentences in Zhu Xi's poems. "New makeup" is relative to "thrush", and "more thoughtful" is relative to "outdated". In the second half, she further affirmed her outstanding talent, saying: Although there are many other girls wearing clothes made of precious silk from Tiqi (now Shandong), it is not worthy of attention. On the contrary, the beaded throat of this diamond-picking girl is really worth thousands of dollars. This is to further dispel Zhu Qingyu's concerns about "untimely", so he is particularly opposed to "timely". Zhu's poem of giving a reply is well written, and Zhang's answer is wonderful, which can be described as a perfect match, and has been circulated in poetry for thousands of years.
(Shen Zufen)
Isn't this a little too much?
I think so too!
Just make do with it. ...