"Twenty-Four Pictures of Filial Piety" was written by the famous modern writer Lu Xun and comes from Lu Xun's collection of retrospective essays "Morning Blossoms Plucked at Dusk". Did you study this article when you were in middle school? The following is the main content of the Twenty-Four Filial Piety Pictures compiled by the editor of Study La for everyone to read!
The main content of the Twenty-Four Filial Piety Pictures
The "Twenty-Four Filial Piety Pictures" was written by the famous modern writer Lu Xun and came from A collection of Lu Xun's retrospective essays "Picking Up Flowers in the Morning and Evening".
"Filial piety" is the core of Confucian ethical thought, the moral code for maintaining family relationships in Chinese society for thousands of years, and the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation. Guo Jujing of the Yuan Dynasty compiled the stories of 24 filial sons in ancient times and compiled them into "Twenty-Four Filial Piety". Later printed copies were accompanied by pictures, commonly known as "Twenty-Four Pictures of Filial Piety", which became a popular reading to promote filial piety. "Filial piety" is the essence of the traditional culture of our Chinese nation. The new "Twenty-Four Filial Piety Pictures" is a masterpiece created by Mr. Chen Shaomei in his prime when he was 41 years old. It has a rare subject matter, elegant brushwork, and clear colors. It is extraordinary and can be regarded as a national treasure.
In addition, Lu Xun believed that the main purpose of the Twenty-Four Pictures of Filial Piety was to promote feudal filial piety. He started from his own feelings of reading "Twenty-Four Filial Piety Pictures" when he was a child, and focused on describing the strong disgust he aroused when he read the two stories "Lao Lai Entertaining His Parents" and "Guo Ju Buried his Son".
The original text of Lu Xun's Twenty-Four Filial Piety Pictures
I always search high and low and get the blackest, blackest, blackest curse, first of all, to curse all those who oppose the vernacular and hinder the vernacular. . Even if a person really has a soul after death, he should fall into hell because of his most evil heart. He will never repent, but will always curse all those who oppose and hinder vernacular.
Since the so-called "literary revolution", the books provided for children are pitiful compared with those in Europe, the United States, and Japan, but there are finally pictures to talk about. As long as you can read it, you can understand it. . However, people with ulterior motives usually try their best to stop it, so that there is no fun in the children's world. People in Beijing often use the phrase "mahuzi" to scare children. In other words, it is the story of Uncle Ma who opened a river for Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty and steamed his son to death as recorded in "The Story of Kaihe". To write it correctly, it must be "Ma Beard". Then, this Ma Shumou is a barbarian. But no matter who he is, his ability to eat children is still limited after all, but it can only last his whole life. The poison that hinders vernacular speakers is worse than a scourge. It is very broad and very long-lasting. It can turn the whole of China into a numb one, and every child will die in its belly.
Anyone who attempts to harm the vernacular should perish!
Gentlemen will naturally cover their ears for these words, because it is the so-called "jumping into the sky and scolding" His body is completely damaged, and he still refuses to give up. "And the scribes must also scold him, thinking that it goes against the "literary style", that is, it damages the "personality". Isn't it "the voice of the speaker"? Of course "literature" and "people" are related. Although the world is full of strange things, there are also professors who "disrespect" the author's personality and cannot "not say that his novels are good" Special race. But I don't care about this, because fortunately I haven't climbed up to the "Ivory Tower" yet, so I don't need to be so careful. If you bump into it accidentally, just fall down immediately. However, in the middle of the fall, before reaching the ground, I have to say it again:
Anyone who attempts to harm the vernacular should perish!
Every time I see primary school students rejoicing, When I look at a rough copy of "Children's World" and think of the exquisite books used by children in other countries, I naturally feel pity for Chinese children. But when I recall the childhood of my classmate and I, I can’t help but feel that he was happy and give us a sad condolence for our eternally lost time. What did we have to read at that time? As long as there were some pictures in the book, we would be banned, scolded, and even slapped on the palms of our hands by the school teacher, who was the "senior who guided the youth" at that time. My little classmate was so bored that he died from reading "Man is by Nature Good", so he had to secretly turn to the first page and look at the ghost-like Kuixing with the four words "Literary Star Shines High". Like, to satisfy his childish nature of beauty. They saw this yesterday and they saw this today, but their eyes still shone with light of wakefulness and joy.
Outside of the book school, the prohibition is relatively loose, but this is my own business, and everyone may be different. What I can read with great dignity in front of the public is "The Wenchang Emperor Yin Zhaowen Illustration" and "The Jade Calendar Notes", both of which depict the story of rewarding good and punishing evil in the underworld. The God of Thunder and the Mother of Lightning stand in the clouds, The ground is full of bull-headed and horse-faced faces. Not only is it against heaven to "jump into the sky", but even if you don't agree on a word or have an accidental thought, you will have to receive considerable retribution. This is not a "resentment of Yaizhen", because in that place, ghosts and gods are kings, and "justice" is in charge. Even if you kneel down for a drink, it will all be in vain. It is simply unimaginable. In the world of China, it is extremely difficult not only to be a human being, but also to be a ghost. But after all, there is a better place than the earth: there is no such thing as "gentleman" and there are no "rumors".
In the underworld, if it is to be safe, it cannot be praised. This is especially true for people who are often fond of pen and ink. China is currently under the rule of rumors and talks about "consistency between words and deeds." As a lesson from the past, I heard that Arzhibasif once answered a girl’s question and said, “Only those who find joy in the fact of life can survive. If they don’t see anything there, they might as well die. .
So a man named Mikharov sent a letter to ridicule him, "...so I completely honestly advise you to commit suicide to bless your own life, because firstly it is logical, and secondly It is your words and actions that do not go against your will. ”
In fact, this argument is murder, and he found joy in his life in this way. Arzhibasev only complained a lot and did not commit suicide. Mr. Mikharov later I don’t know why, this joy has been lost, or I have found “something” again. It is true that at these times, courage is stable; passion is without danger. ”
However, I have finally praised the underworld and cannot revise it. Although there is a suspicion that “words and deeds do not match”, it is true that I have not received half a penny subsidy from the King of Hell or the devil, so the difference can be solved by myself. . All in all, let’s just keep writing:
The pictures of the underworld that I saw were all old books collected by my family, and they were not the first drawing books that I collected. It was a gift from an elder: "Twenty-Four Pictures of Filial Piety". Although this is only a thin book, the picture below says that there are many ghosts and it is unique to me, which makes me very happy. Everyone seems to know the story; even illiterate people, such as Chang, can tell the story of this episode just by looking at the pictures. However, after I was happy, I was disappointed, because I was disappointed. After asking people to tell twenty-four stories, I realized that "filial piety" was so difficult. I was completely disappointed with my previous wishful thinking of being a filial son.
"In the beginning, people are inherently good." Well? This is not a question that needs further study. But I still vaguely remember that when I was young, I was not deliberately disobedient, but I was very willing to be filial to my parents. However, I was young and ignorant, and I only used my prejudice to explain "filial piety". I thought it was nothing more than "obedience", "obeying orders", and feeding my elderly parents well when I grew up. After getting the textbook "Filial Son", I realized that this is not the case, and it is even more difficult. Of course, some of them can be imitated, such as "Zilu negative rice", "Huangxiang fan pillow" and so on. It is not difficult as long as a wealthy person invites me to eat. " Is Mr. Lu Xun pregnant with oranges when he is a guest?" I knelt down and replied, "The love of my maternal nature, I want to return to my deceased mother. "The rich man admired him very much, so the filial son acted steadily and it was very trouble-free. "Crying to produce bamboo shoots" is suspicious, I am afraid that my sincerity may not move the world like this. But crying can't produce bamboo shoots, it's just a shame, to " "Lying on the ice to beg for carp" is a life-threatening situation. The weather in our hometown is mild, and in the harsh winter, there is only a thin layer of ice on the water. No matter how small the weight of the child is, if he lies on it, there will definitely be a crash. When the ice broke and fell into the water, the carp had no time to swim over. Of course, one had to sacrifice one's life to show gratitude to the gods. There would be unexpected miracles, but I was still young and really didn't understand this.
Among them, the two things that puzzled me the most, and even made me disgusted, were the two incidents of "Lao Lai entertaining his parents" and "Guo Ju burying his son".
I still remember an old man lying in front of his parents. What a different feeling a child holds in his mother's hand. They both hold a "shaking drum" in one hand. This thing is called a small drum in Beijing, and the cover is also called a drum. Zhu Xi said: "It is a small drum with ears on both sides. If you hold it by the handle and shake it, the ears will hit you." However, this thing should not be held in Lao Laizi's hands. Pretending to hold on to a cane insulted the child. I didn’t look at it a second time. Once I got to this page, I quickly turned over it.
The "Twenty-Four Pictures of Filial Piety" at that time had already disappeared. Now, all I have is a book drawn by the Japanese fairy Oda Uizen, which narrates the story of Lao Laizi: "When he was seventy years old, he never said he was old. He always wore colorful clothes and played with his babies for his parents. side. He often takes the water to the hall, pretends to fall to the ground, and makes baby cries to entertain his relatives. "The old version is about the same, but what disgusts me is "cheating". No matter how disobedient or filial, children are not willing to "cheat", and they don't like rumors when listening to stories. This is the reason for children who pay a little attention to Everyone knows about psychology.
However, a search in older books shows that it is not so hypocritical. Shi Juexue's "The Biography of Filial Sons" says, "Lao Laizi... always wears colorful clothes." , Fetching drinks for relatives, falling down when going to the hall, fearing to hurt the parents' hearts, the stiff servant cries for the baby. " (quoted from "Taiping Yulan" 413) Compared with today, it seems to be a little closer to human feelings. Somehow, later gentlemen must change him to "deceive" in order to feel comfortable. Deng Bodao abandoned his son to save his nephew. , thinking about it, it is just "abandonment". The foolish person must also say that he tied his son to a tree so that he could not catch up before he would stop. Just like treating "sickness as fun", taking ruthlessness as a moral code and slandering him. Lao Laizi is an example. When the Taoist teacher thought he was flawless, he was already dead in the children's hearts.
As for playing "shaking". Guo Ju's son is really worthy of sympathy. He was held in his mother's arms, smiling happily; but his father was digging a hole to bury him. Ming Yun said, "Guo Ju's family in Han Dynasty was poor. , I have a three-year-old son, and my mother tries to reduce his food intake. Ju said to his wife that she was too poor to provide for her mother, and the son shared her mother's food. Bury this child?" But what Liu Xiang said in "The Biography of Filial Sons" is somewhat different: The Ju family was rich, and he gave it to his two younger brothers; the child was just born, and he was not three years old.
The end of the sentence is roughly similar again, "When I dug a pit two feet, I found a cauldron of gold, and it said: God has given Guo Ju, and officials cannot take it, and the people cannot take it away!"
I felt really sorry for this child at first. After sweating a lot, I felt relieved when I dug out a cauldron of gold. However, not only did I no longer dare to be a filial son, but I was also afraid that my father would become a filial son. The family situation is deteriorating, and I often hear my parents worry about firewood and rice; my grandmother is getting old. If my father actually imitates Guo Ju, then wouldn’t it be me who should be buried? If nothing goes wrong, a cauldron of gold can be dug out. , that was naturally a blessing from heaven. However, even though I was young at that time, I seemed to understand that such coincidences might not happen in the world.
Looking back, I feel really stupid. This is because people already know these old tricks and no one would practice them. There are often messages and messages to improve moral conduct, but it is rare to see a gentleman lying naked on the ice or a general jumping out of his car to carry rice. What's more, I have grown up long ago. I have read several ancient books and bought several new books, such as "Taiping Yulan", "The Biography of Ancient Filial Sons", "Population Issues", "Birth Control", "Twentieth Century It’s a children’s world.” There are many reasons to resist being buried. But at that moment, at this moment, I was really a little scared: I dug a deep hole, but there was no gold. I buried it with the "shake-gu-dong", covered it with soil, and stepped on it solidly. What else could I do? I think, although things may not come true, from now on I am always afraid of hearing that my parents are worried about poverty, and I am afraid of seeing my gray-haired grandmother. I always feel that she is at odds with me, or at least, is someone who has some obstacles in my life. people. Later, this impression gradually faded, but there was always some legacy left until her death - this was probably something the Confucian scholar who gave the "Twenty-Four Pictures of Filial Piety" never expected.
Annotations to the original text of Lu Xun's Twenty-Four Filial Piety Pictures
1. This article was originally published in the tenth issue of the first volume of the fortnightly magazine "Mangyuan" on May 25, 1926.
2. "Literary Revolution": the movement that opposed old literature and promoted new literature during the "May Fourth" period.
3. "The Story of Kaihe": a legendary novel written by the Song Dynasty.
4. Hu people: The name used by the Han people in ancient China to refer to ethnic groups other than the Han people. It usually refers to the nomadic peoples in northern China and the west, mainly including the Xiongnu, Xianbei, Di, Qiang, Tubo, Turks, and Mongolia. , Khitan, Jurchen and other tribes, with a contemptuous meaning, referring to them as uncivilized and uncivilized people.
5. "Jumping into the sky" and other phrases were used by Chen Xiying to attack Lu Xun in "To Zhimo" published in "Morning Post Supplement" on January 30, 1926.
6. "The voice of the speaker": It means that language and articles are expressions of people's thoughts.
7. We cannot "not say that his novels are good": Chen Xiying said in "Gossip" in "Modern Review": "I cannot not say that Mr. Lu Xun's novels are good just because I don't respect his personality. Well, I can’t praise the rest of his articles just because I admire his novels.”
8. “Ivory Tower”: later used as a metaphor for an artist’s small world that is divorced from real life.
9. "Children's World": a weekly magazine for children of upper primary school level to read. The content is divided into poems, fairy tales, stories, riddles, jokes and children's creations.
10. "Man's original nature is good": the first two sentences of the "Three Character Classic", a primer commonly used in schools in the old days.
11. Kuixing: The common name of Kuixing was originally one of the twenty-eight constellations in ancient Chinese astronomy.
12. "Illustrated Commentary on Emperor Wenchang's Yin Stall": It is a collection of paintings promoting karma and retribution. Yin stallion is Yin virtue.
13. "The Legend of the Jade Calendar": The full name is "The Legend of the Jade Calendar", which is a book that promotes superstition.
14. "Resentment of Yaizhen": It means small hatred.
15. Talk about "consistency between words and deeds": Chen Xiying once said: "It is not that rare to have words and deeds consistent with each other. There are many people like this in the world. Those who talk about revolution become bureaucrats, and those who talk about freedom of speech burn newspaper offices. ."
16. Arzhibasuifu (1878-1927): Russian novelist.
17. "Twenty-Four Pictures of Filial Piety": It is an old popular book that promotes feudal filial piety.
18. "Zilu bears rice": Zilu, whose surname was Zhong and whose given name was You, was from Bian, the state of Lu (in today's Sishui, Shandong) during the Spring and Autumn Period. A student of Confucius.
19. "Huang Xiang Fan Pillow": Huang Xiang, a native of Anlu (now Hubei) in the Eastern Han Dynasty. His mother died when he was nine years old. "Dong Guan Han Ji" said that he "devoted himself to his father... He fanned the bed and pillow when it was hot, and warmed the mat with his body when it was cold."
20. "Lu Ji cherishes oranges": Lu Ji was a native of Wu County (now Suzhou), Wu County during the Three Kingdoms period.
21. "Weeping bamboo shoots grow": the story of Meng Zong of Wu State during the Three Kingdoms period.
22. "Lying on the Ice Seeking Carp": The story of Wang Xiang in the Jin Dynasty.
23. "Lao Lai entertains relatives": Lao Lai is said to be a native of Chu State in the Spring and Autumn Period. "Art and Literature Collection·People's Department" records the story of when he was seventy years old, wearing colorful clothes and pretending to be "entertaining relatives".
24. "Guo Ju buried his son": Guo Ju was born in Longli (now Linxian County, Henan) in the Jin Dynasty.
25. Zhu Xi (1130-1200): Zi Yuanhui, a native of Wuyuan, Huizhou (now part of Jiangxi).
26. Oda Kaisen (1785-1862): a literati painter in Japan at the end of the Edo shogunate.
27. Shi Jueshuo: a native of Nieyang (now Pingnan, Zhenping, Henan) in the Southern Song Dynasty.
28. "Taiping Yulan": a book-like title.
In the second year of the Taiping and Xingguo reign of the Song Dynasty (977), Li Fang and others were commissioned to write it.
29. Deng Bodao abandoned his son to save his nephew: Deng Bodao, named You, was from Xiangling (now part of Shanxi) in Pingyang during the Jin Dynasty. According to the "Book of Jin·Biography of Deng You", during the war between Shi Le and Jin Dynasty, his family fled and abandoned his son to save his nephew on the way.
30. Ethics: Ethics and ethics refer to the rules of mutual relations that people should abide by as stipulated in feudal ethics.
31. Mr. Taoism: Mr. Taoism refers to people who believe in and promote this doctrine.
32. Liu Xiang (77 BC - 6 BC): named Zizheng, a native of Pei (now Peixian County, Jiangsu Province) of the Western Han Dynasty.
33. "The Biography of Ancient Filial Sons": compiled by Mao Panlin in the Qing Dynasty, which compiled Liu Xiang, Xiao Guangji, Wang Xin, Wang Shaozhi, Zhou Jingshi, Shi Juexue, Song Gong, Yu Panyou, etc. from "Leishu" The lost "The Biography of Filial Son" by Zheng Ji and others was compiled into a book, which was collected in "Mei Ruixuan's Ten Kinds of Ancient Essays".