Teaching essentials
This unit appreciates the poems from the pre-Qin Dynasty to the Han, Wei and Jin Dynasties, from which we can find the source of realism and romanticism in China's ancient poetry creation. The focus of teaching is to understand the thoughts and feelings in poetry on the basis of reading and reciting; Understand Fu Bixing's techniques and their artistic effects; Understand the rhythm of four-character poems, Sao-style poems and five-character poems.
The language forms of The Book of Songs, Li Sao and the poems of Han, Wei, Wei and Jin Dynasties are different. This unit focuses on the rhythm of language, aiming to let students understand the division methods of various language rhythms and read accurately and smoothly. Understand the development process of ancient poetry from four words to five words and then to seven words; Understanding this change process is also a process in which the capacity of poetry is gradually increasing and the social life reflected is gradually complicated. The Book of Songs and Chu Ci reflect the real life of our slave society. The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems in ancient China. The content is divided into three categories, among which the national style with the most ideological and artistic value is mostly lyric poetry of "Hungry people sing about their food and laborers sing about their affairs". Fu Bixing's writing technique created an excellent tradition of poetic realism. Teaching and reading three poems in The Book of Songs should guide students to understand the ancient social life and its realistic spirit widely and profoundly reflected in The Book of Songs. Understand the characteristics of the Book of Songs, such as "six meanings" and overlapping chapters and sentences. Li Sao is a famous work in the history of literature. Because of its long history, it will cause some difficulties in appreciation. It is important to understand the writing, but we should also focus on feeling Qu Yuan's noble moral integrity and patriotic thoughts and feelings of pursuing ideals, and on appreciating the artistic value of poetry.
Teaching objectives
Knowledge target
1. Understand the basic knowledge of The Book of Songs, learn The Silent Woman Without Clothes, and master the formal features of reduplication.
2. Be able to master the reading rhythm of four-character poems.
3. Learn "Meng" and deeply understand Bi Xing's artistic techniques.
capability goal
1. Cultivate students' ability to read poems with annotations.
2. Recite the text. Cultivate and improve students' ability to accurately grasp the thoughts and feelings of works.
Moral education goal
1, so that students can understand China's yearning for sincere love in ancient times and cultivate noble sentiments.
2. Cultivate students' positive patriotism.
Teaching focus
1, guide students to analyze the characters in Meng and understand the beauty of Bi Xing's artistic expression.
2. Grasp the characteristics of important duets in No Clothes and Quiet Girl.
Teaching difficulties
1. Taste the language of poetry and accurately grasp the emotions of the characters in the poem.
2. Recite the text.
teaching method
1. Let students taste the conciseness of poetic language by reading aloud.
2. Let students understand the master's feelings and the artistic features of this poem by discussion. For example, the analysis of metaphor in Meng can make students discuss it clearly.
3. Through comparative reading, we can expand the classroom content and develop students' thinking.
Preparation of teaching AIDS tape recorder teaching tape multimedia
Course arrangement 2 class hours
Teaching step
first kind
Teaching essentials
1, learn about the book of songs.
2. Read the text, understand the main idea and summarize the contents of the three poems.
Teaching course
First, solve the problem.
First of all, ask students to talk about their understanding of the Book of Songs in combination with what they have learned in the past.
Supplementary summary after class.
The Book of Songs is divided into three parts: style, elegance and vulgarity, and fu. Among them, "Feng" can be divided into Wei, Zheng, Qin, Chen, Yi, Qi, Cao, Yi, Tang, Deng, etc. 160 national styles, which are the folk songs of various governors, most of which are full of ideological significance and artistic atmosphere. "Ya" is the formal elegant music in the Western Zhou Dynasty, with 105 articles, among which "Ya" Ode is a dance music for the ruling class to worship temples. It is divided into 3 1 Zhou Song, 4 Truffles, 5 Odes to Shang Dynasty and 40 * * *.
Second, guide students to read the text
1, play the recording.
The first time, let the students pay attention to pronunciation and sentence rhythm.
The second time, let the students read after it softly.
2. Say the students' names to read aloud
3. The teacher summarizes the reading rhythm of four-character poems.
Every sentence in a four-character poem is generally read as "22".
For example, self-protection/protection, holding cloth/silk.
You can ask another classmate to read aloud, please correct me.
5. Let the students read the text collectively, and further let them read the intonation of the poem. Like the sun/naked? Rhetorical question, rising tone.
Take a son/robe. Affirmative tone, falling tone.
Wang Yu/Xing Shi, fix me/Mao Ge and be your son's enemy!
(Express military emergency, pick up quickly) (sigh, falling tone)
Third, on the basis of reading the text aloud, master the content of the text.
1. Ask students to dredge the content of poems with the help of after-class notes, and pay attention to some common words, special uses of words and common words.
Jon: Yes, please. Joint inspection: disaster.
Bribery (benefits): property. Extreme: standard.
Morality: thoughts, feelings. D: indulgence.
Word count: 1 word completed. Auxiliary words have no practical significance.
2 The syllable auxiliary words of quiet words and quiet thoughts have no practical significance.
"Yu" means "Xu", metaphor and sigh. The "disk" leads to the "disk" and the edge bank.
"Say" means "take off" and get rid of it.
"Naked" clothes: tops. Robe: a robe, equivalent to a cloak or cloak now.
Shawn: Take off your clothes.
"Quiet Girl" 1: (Si) Wait a minute. Luan: Beautiful.
There is: adjective prefix, which has no practical meaning. "Say" means "Yue".
Yi: I like it. "Return" means "feed" and giving away.
Pedicle: thatched buds. Xun: It's true.
2. Summarize the gist of the three poems.
After the group discussion of four students, it is obvious that:
Dream is a narrative poem, which narrates the heroine's and "dream"' s painful experience from first love, marriage to abandonment in the first person. Expressed her resentful feelings and resolute attitude, and created a hard-working, gentle and strong female image.
"No Clothes" is an army battle song of Qin people against Xirong's invasion, and it is a patriotic song. It shows the fighting will and optimism of the soldiers who share weal and woe, care for each other, unite as one, share weal and woe.
"Fine Girl" is about an exciting date between a young man and a young woman, which shows the loyalty of young people to their girlfriends.
Fourth, class summary.
Today, in this lesson, we learned three kinds of "styles" in the Book of Songs and mastered the reading part of four-character poems.
Play, get a general idea of the text, then how to understand the specific content of the text? Let's discuss it next class.
Second lesson
Teaching essentials
1, cute plot.
2. Meng's artistic expression.
3. The heroine image in Meng's works.
4. Contrast in Meng.
Teaching step
First, students read the text in groups.
Second, call the roll to ask students to summarize the abstract of the text.
Third, grasp the text as a whole.
1, let the students read the text and sort out the writing ideas of the text.
After the discussion in groups of four, it is clear that the full text of Meng consists of six chapters, which are described according to the idea of "love-marriage-rejection".
Writing on the blackboard: love (chapter 1 or chapter 2)
Marriage (Chapters 3, 4 and 5)
Quatrains (Chapter VI)
2. The author writes in the first person in the order of the trilogy of love and marriage. What kind of writing is used?
Law?
Clarity: memory and contrast.
Fourth, the process of solving key and difficult problems.
1, learn the part of "love"
(1) Name what the students read aloud.
(2) Teacher's question: In the first section, the narrative rhythm of the poem is quite similar to the montage technique of the film, and three scenes with strong visual effects are selected to express it. Please summarize these three scenarios in concise language.
Clear: the date of appointment is different when we meet for the first time.
(3) Question: What are their personalities in these scenes? The girl and her lover agreed on a wedding date. What kind of performance did the girl have in the long waiting process?
Clear: Young men are impatient and willful, while young women are gentle and considerate.
Six sentences, such as Riding on the Wall, vividly describe the psychology and performance of a girl in love.
"Reentry" is probably the residence of young men. The girl "cries" for a while and "laughs" for a while, which shows her yearning and affection for young men. Girls in love are so naive, lively and warm.
(4) Question: "Erbur" and other four sentences indicate that love has finally come to fruition. What kind of marriage is this?
Clear: the gods show that this is a godsend. "I bribed to move", and the bride wished her daughter happiness with a generous dowry. The girl married a young man who longed for a happy life. At this point, a complete narrative paragraph ends.
(5) Let students think about the following two questions:
What is the emotional tone of this paragraph?
Judging from this memory of the heroine, is her marriage like the marriage of "parents' orders and matchmakers' words" that we often see?
Clarity: (blackboard writing) Emotional tone: enthusiasm and happiness
No, from her memory, they were free to fall in love and get married independently.
(6) Ask students to read the first and second paragraphs aloud.
2. Learn about the changes in marriage.
(1) Read this section in groups.
(2) Question: What kind of expression is used in this part?
Clear: discussion and lyricism.
(3) Question: In the third and fourth chapters, before summing up their own life experiences and their married life, they used the phrase "before the mulberry leaves fall, its leaves can be fat". "When the mulberry falls, it falls yellow." What kind of artistic technique is this?
Bi xing's artistic technique.
(4) Question: We learned the artistic technique of Bixing in junior high school. Please always remember, give one or two examples and talk about the characteristics of Bixing.
Students discuss, and the teacher makes it clear: The third chapter begins with the traditional competition, first depicting one's youth with lush mulberry trees, and then comparing attractive mulberries to intoxicating love, comparing girls in love to greedy and happy birds, and earnestly warning people not to indulge in love. Otherwise, the outcome will be tragic, and it will be too late to regret.
The fourth chapter is closely related to the previous section, "Mulberries are not fallen, but their leaves are fat." The beginning is "the autumn of mulberry, which falls yellow." Compared with the youth taken away by the fleeting time, the once radiant girl wasted her beautiful face in the years. Coupled with the long-term poverty after marriage, the fate of being abandoned came to her at this time.
The third and fourth chapters compare the changes of the heroine's love life with natural phenomena, and lead to poems expressing emotional life from rising poems, which stimulate readers' association, enhance meaning and produce vivid and poetic artistic effects.
(6) Question: What is the role of Chapter III in writing?
Clarity: The lyricism and discussion in the first two chapters have caused obvious pause and isolation in the reader's psychology. It implies that the tragic fate of the heroine has begun.
(7) Question: Combining with the third, fourth and fifth chapters of the article, the heroine reviews her marriage life and the reasons for her marriage failure in recent years with lyrical and epistemological methods. What about her thoughts and feelings?
Clear: (blackboard writing) Regret, sad, but not sad.
(8) Read this part together.
3. Study the "decisive" part.
(1) Name what the students read aloud.
(2) Question: Through the above memories and introspection, the heroine made a choice in this chapter. What kind of choice?
Mingming: "If you don't think about it, it's already embarrassing!"
(3) What kind of personality characteristics does this reflect?
Clear: (blackboard writing) sober and firm.
(4) Question: Students can discuss and think about what kind of writing is used in this chapter: comparative method (blackboard writing).
(5) Question: What is compared with what?
Clarity: Compare past "vows" with today's ending.
(6) There are many other chapters about the use of contrast. Please look for them and give some examples.
Clear: The attitude of Mongolians before and after marriage is in sharp contrast.
The attitudes of the heroine and Meng are in sharp contrast.
Comparison of the heroine's personality before and after marriage.
The heroine's thoughts and feelings are in sharp contrast before and after marriage.
(7) Read Chapter 6 together.
4. Question: From the text, what kind of image characteristics can we see about the heroine?
Clear: (blackboard writing) hardworking, gentle and strong.
5. Question: When the heroine recalled the past and made a sober decision, she didn't make any modification or rendering. So, how did she express it?
Clear: direct statement.
The teacher added: it is the expression of "fu". We learned the application of "Fu" in junior high school. For example, in Mulan Poetry, "Buy horses in the east market and saddles in the west market. Buy halters in the south and whips in the north. When I said goodbye to my parents, I was by the Yellow River at dusk. I didn't hear my parents shouting female voices, but I heard the Yellow River splashing. "
6. Question: What do you think of the heroine's marriage tragedy? What do you think of Meng?
Clear; The heroine's tragedy has certain inevitability and universality, which is determined by social characteristics. In a patriarchal society, women are in a subordinate position economically and politically. Their life is very narrow, and the happiness of life depends on their husbands. If they meet a husband who is irresponsible for feelings and family, her tragedy is inevitable.
The hero "Meng" can be said to be a representative figure in a patriarchal society. When he proposed, his feelings for the heroine were sincere, but with the passage of time, the heroine's appearance gradually declined and his love disappeared with the wind. He completely forgot his old love and abandoned his wife mercilessly. He is an irresponsible man who abandoned his family from the beginning.
Summary of intransitive verbs:
The whole poem tells the whole story of this tragedy roughly according to the process of factual development. The third chapter is the turning point of the whole poem. This poem has a strong spirit of realism. By using the artistic technique of contrast and contrast, lyric, narrative and discussion are integrated into one furnace, which increases the appeal of narrative and the depth of lyric. The rhythm of the whole poem is harmonious, which shapes a hard-working, gentle and strong female image. Her experience deserves our sympathy, her personality deserves our respect, and the practices of young men should be spurned by us.
Seven. homework
1, after-class exercises 1 and 2.
2. Recite Naked and Quiet Girl.