We introduce "unpredictability" to you in detail from the following aspects:
First, click here for the full text of the debate in Cao Gui to see the details of the debate in Cao Gui.
In the spring of ten years, the army of Qi attacked our country of Lu.
Male will play, Cao Gui, please see.
The villagers said, "Carnivores look for it,
What happened? "Qi yue:
"Carnivores are contemptible and have no foresight.
"Is to meet. Q:
"Why do you want to fight?" Gong Yue:
"Food and clothing, dare to design,
We must divide people into groups. "To yue:
"Xiaohui is not times, people, from also.
"Gong said," Sacrifice jade and silk,
If you dare to add, you must believe it.
"Yes," I didn't appreciate the little letter.
God bless. "Male yue:
"Small prison, although can't visit,
Be affectionate. "To yue:
"Loyalty is also. You can go to war.
Please pay attention to this war. "There are more men than women,
Fight for a long spoon. Zhuang Gongzheng wants to order drums.
He said, "Impossible.
"Everyone three drums. Yue:
"yes." Qi Jun was completely defeated.
Their duke ordered the horse to be chased by the horse. Yue:
"No." Look at it,
Deng Shi and hope, saying:
"yes." So, the pursuit of Qi Jun was pursued.
After winning, the king asked him why he won.
He said, "In the war between husband and wife,
So is courage. With great enthusiasm,
If you fail again, you will be exhausted.
I am tired, I am surplus, so I will overcome it.
Great powers are unpredictable,
Fear is hidden. I think it's confusing,
Look at its flag, so chase it.
Two. notes
Ten years: the tenth year of Lu Zhuanggong (BC).
Cao Gui: Lu was a famous military theorist in the Spring and Autumn Period.
Gay ride: Duke Zhuang of Lu shares a chariot. , refers to Cao Gui.
Long spoon: Shandong place name, now northeast of Laiwu, Shandong.
Failure: The army was defeated.
Chi: Drive to catch up.
Track: the track of a wheel.
Stone: a crossbar used as a handrail in front of an ancient carriage.
Sui: So, just.
Chase: chase, here refers to chase.
Rick: It was defeated. Yes, it has already started. Dick, get over it
Fighting is also courage: fighting is a brave and fearless spirit. Husband, put it at the beginning of the sentence, which means that you can discuss it, but it has no practical significance.
Stick to it: the first drum beating can boost morale. Cheer up.
Again: the second time.
Three: the third time.
Their courage has been exhausted, while ours is flourishing. Peter, a pronoun, refers to the Qi army. Full, full, full, here refers to high morale.
Unpredictable: hard to guess. Measure, speculate and estimate.
V: ambush.
Amy: I fell down.
Third, the background
The title of this article is also "Battle of the Long Spoon in Qilu" or "Battle of the Long Spoon". Cao Gui Argument records that in 684 BC, the State of Qi used Lu as an excuse to help Gong Zijiu compete for the throne of Qi, and the two armies fought with Lu again. This article focuses on Cao Gui's "debate" rather than the process of war, showing Cao Gui's political foresight and military talent.
Fourthly, Zuo Qiuming's other poems.
Controversy, Uncle Jian cried for the teacher, the candle was defeated by Teacher Qin, and Zheng Boke was sworn to death in Yan/Duoxing. V. Translation
In the spring of ten years, the army of Qi attacked our country of Lu. Male will play, Cao Gui, please see. His fellow countryman said, "People in power will plan this. Why do you want to participate?" ? ""Those in power are short-sighted and unable to think deeply, "Cao Gui said." Then they went to the court to see the duke. "What are you fighting for?" Cao Gui asked. Zhuang Gong said, "I never dared to know what to eat and wear. I must give it to the ministers around me. "Yes, I said," Xiao En does not repeat, and people are obedient. Zhuang Gong said, "I never dare to exaggerate the number of pigs, sheep, jade articles, silks and so on. I must tell God the truth." . Cao Gui said: "Mix has no credit and cannot be trusted by the gods. The gods will not bless you." . "."Zhuang Gong said, "Even if you can't see all the litigation cases in Mix, I must be based on facts." Yes: "Loyalty belongs to you. You can go to war. Please follow the war. "
In the spring of the tenth year of Duke Zhuang of Lu, the Qi army attacked Lu. Duke Zhuang of Lu can fight. Cao Gui asked to meet Duke Zhuang of Lu. His fellow countryman said, "People in power will plan their own wars. Why do you take part?" Cao Gui said: "Those in power are short-sighted and cannot have foresight." So he went to North Korea to see Duke Zhuang of Lu. Cao Gui asked, "What are you fighting for?" Duke Zhuang of Lu said, "Food and clothing are a kind of livelihood. You can't have them for yourself, but give them to others." Cao Gui replied: "These small favors can't be spread to the people, and the people won't listen to you." Duke Zhuang of Lu said: "I (never) dare to falsely report the number of cattle, sheep, jade and silk sacrificed to the gods." I must be honest and trustworthy. " Cao Gui said, "This is only a small contribution. You cannot convince the gods. God will not bless you. " Lv Zhuanggong said: "Even if we can't understand all the cases clearly, we should handle them reasonably." Cao Gui replied, "This is the only thing we can do. We can fight a war under this condition. If you fight, please allow me to go with you. "
On that day, Qi Huangong and Cao Gui sat in a chariot and fought with Qi Jun in Beidou. Zhuang Gongzheng wants to order drums. "Not now," said Cao Gui. "Wait until after Qi Jun drummed three times. Cao Gui said, "You can play the drums. "."Qi Jun was completely defeated. Their duke ordered the horse to be chased by the horse. "Not now," said Cao Gui. Then he got off the chariot, looked at the tracks of Qi Jun's wheels, climbed on the chariot, supported the front railing of the chariot and looked at Qi Jun's formation, and said, "We can pursue. "."So, the pursuit of Qi Jun was pursued.
Duke Zhuang of Lu and he * * * sat in a chariot and fought the Qi army in the ladle. Duke Zhuang of Lu will order drums to advance. Cao Gui said, "Not now." Wait until the Qi army drums three times. Cao Gui said, "You can beat the drums." The Qi army was defeated. Duke Zhuang of Lu wants to order horses to chase the Qi army. Cao Gui said, "Not yet." Say that finish, he got out of the chariot, looked at the trace of Qi's wheels, boarded the chariot again, held the crossbar in front of the chariot and watched the formation of Qi. Then he said, "You can pursue it." So I chased the Qi army.
After winning, the king asked him why he won. He said: "It takes courage to fight. High spirits, then decline, three exhausted. I am tired, I am surplus, so I will overcome it. Great powers are unpredictable and frightening. I regard it as chaos and look at its flag, so I chase it. "
After defeating the Qi army, Duke Zhuang of Lu asked him why he did it. Cao Gui replied, "Fighting depends on courage and fearlessness. Playing drums for the first time can boost morale. After the second drum beat, the morale of soldiers began to decline, and after the third drum beat, they were even more exhausted. Their morale was gone, and our army was full of morale, so we defeated them. In a big country like Qi, it is difficult to speculate on their situation, for fear that they will set an ambush. I saw the traces of their wheels scattered and the flags fell, so I decided to chase them. "
Sixth, appreciate
This paper tells the comments on this war in the battle of the Long Spoon, and the historical fact that he repelled the powerful Qi army with the principle of "gathering is defeated, dispersing is exhausted" in wartime. The language of the article, whether narrative or dialogue between characters, is extremely concise, expressive, logical and easy to understand. There are scattered sentences, parallelism and even broken sentences in the writing, which enhances the vivid effect of the narrator. Among them, Cao Gui's language is particularly wonderful, such as the command language on the battlefield, which is short and clear, which not only shows that the war is urgent and there is no time to analyze the tactics, but also shows Cao Gui's quick thinking, firm and confident mentality when facing the war.
The first paragraph: from the beginning to "please follow the war." Write about the political preparations before the war-win the trust of the people. This paragraph can be divided into two layers.
The first layer describes the reason why Cao Gui sought audience with Duke Zhuang of Lu. At the beginning, I pointed out the time when it happened, and then pointed out that "Qi attacked me", indicating that the war was caused by Qi attacking Lu, and Duke Zhuang of Lu was ready to resist. The above brief introduction provided the necessary background for Cao Gui's interview and debate.
The second story tells that Cao Gui asked Zhuang Gong to make political preparations before the war, which is the focus of the first paragraph. When meeting with Duke Zhuang of Lu, Cao Gui asked "Why the War" from the beginning, and grasped the key issue of political preparation before the war. Inspired by Cao Gui again and again, Duke Zhuang of Lu put forward three conditions in turn: aristocratic support, the blessing of ghosts and gods, and emotional supervision. Cao Gui denied the first two conditions and affirmed the latter. In the face of the invasion of Qi, he volunteered to see Duke Zhuang, and the author recorded his conversation with his fellow villagers.
The second paragraph: from "taking advantage of the public" to "chasing the teacher of Qi". Write the story of Cao Gui commanding the army of Lu to defeat the army of Qi.
Cao Gui's thought of "winning the trust of the people" was approved by Zhuang Gong, and "taking the right way" reflected Zhuang Gong's trust and esteem for Cao Gui. This paper first explains the position that is conducive to Lu's counterattack, and the long spoon is in Lu's territory. For Lu, being familiar with the terrain and landforms is convenient for obtaining manpower support and material supply, and it is also conducive to the transformation of Lu's morale into a favorable aspect. Then there is a concrete description of the battle, focusing on two things: "beating gongs and drums" and "marching by division", in which Cao Gui commanded the Lu army to start a counterattack after the "three drums of the Qi army", and in which Cao Gui decided to pursue after observing the situation that the Qi army was defeated and fled, both of which were described very briefly. In this part, there is not much ink to write about the actual situation of the engagement between the two armies, but how the Lu army attacked and pursued and how the Qi army fled in defeat. Cao Gui chose the right time to attack and pursue, and he adopted the tactics of attacking the enemy from behind and winning with wisdom.
The third paragraph: From Bicycle to the end. Writing the reason why Cao Gui won the battle is the center of this article.
The word "Keke" means that the climax of the campaign has passed and the atmosphere has suddenly eased. It's time for the puzzling Duke Zhuang of Lu to ask the truth. Cao Gui's answer can be divided into two aspects.
The first is to discuss the opportunity to start the counterattack-when the other side is tired and I am profitable: Lu Jun stays put and saves his strength. The Qi army beat drums for the first time, and its morale was booming. The second drum sounded and morale began to decline; Beating the drum for the third time completely exhausted morale. At this critical moment, Cao Gui adopted the policy of "when the enemy is exhausted, we will fight", and finally turned the disadvantages into advantages.
Secondly, it discusses the time when the pursuit began-when the flag was in chaos. Although the Lu army won the initial victory in the counterattack, it did not underestimate the enemy. "Husband is a big country, unpredictable and fearful." This reflects that Cao Gui has never forgotten that he is a weak enemy, and a weak enemy is strong. War is unscrupulous, so we must remain vigilant. Cao Gui personally inspected the enemy's situation and found that the enemy was "chaotic" and "depressed". He confirmed that the Qi army fled in panic and fled, and this was the only way to pursue it and finally won the battle.
Finally, after the battle, Cao Gui showed the choice of tactics and the reasons for defeating the enemy. This part is actually the focus of the full text, which embodies the characteristics of Cao Gui's operational command. This passage is a rational analysis and discussion of the second paragraph of the war.
Cao Gui's debates are rich in content, focusing on the basic principles of strategic defense. Only by mastering these principles correctly can we achieve the goal of defeating the strong with the weak.
Poetry of the same dynasty
The Song Dynasty adopted Wei, the first month of the Spring King, the Song people made peace with the Chu people, established miscellaneous employment, destroyed xia yang and Zheng Boke in the Jin Dynasty, served as a cook for Zeng Shen, and Naoko was suspicious of his neighbors, collided with others, and was lax.
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