The cuckoo is the name of a migratory bird, which looks like a large bird. It flies from the north to the south every spring equinox and roosts in the alpine woods. It cries day and night with a shrill cry until the beginning of autumn. Returned to the north. According to legend, the bird crows until the mouth bleeds and stops, but the blood does not splash on the grass. Therefore, it is said that "the cuckoo cries for blood", and its cry is like the sound of "it is better to go home".
According to records in ancient books, this bird originally came from the Kingdom of Shu and was transformed by King Du Yu of the Kingdom of Shu. This legend was first recorded in "The Book of the King of Shu" written by Yang Xiong of the Western Han Dynasty. It is said that Du Yu was the name of an emperor of the Shu Kingdom during the Warring States Period, named Emperor Wang. It is said that during his reign, the Shu Kingdom suffered a huge flood disaster, which was the same as the flood disaster during the reign of Emperor Yao. Du Yu couldn't cure it, but his Prime Minister Turtle Spirit cured the flood. Du Yu thought his merits were inferior, so he abdicated the throne to him, but he went to Xishan Mountain to live in seclusion. Later, he wanted to restore the throne but could not, so he died of resentment. After death, the resentful spirit persisted and turned into a cuckoo bird, constantly crying "it's better to go back", expressing its resentment that it wanted to return but could not. The cuckoo bird, also known as Du Yu and Wangdi, was named based on this legend. This legend is now recorded in scattered ancient books and is compiled here:
Li Jianguo's "Explanation of Strange Novels in the Pre-Tang Dynasty" compiled by Yang Xiong's "The Book of the King of Shu? Emperor Wang": "...there was a man behind him. His name was Du Yu, who fell from heaven to Zhu Ti. ① There was a woman named Du Yu who came out of the well at the source of the river. ② Yu established himself as King of Shu, named Wangdi, and ruled under the Wen Mountain. ③... When Emperor Wang was more than a hundred years old, there was a dead man named Turtle Ling in Jing. His body was dead and the people of Jing couldn't find it. 4. The corpse of Turtle Ling followed the river to the county and came back to life. He met Emperor Wang. 5. At that time, the water came out of Yushan. , If Yao's flood occurred, I hope the emperor could not control the water, so the turtle spirit broke through the jade mountain, and the people were on land. ⑥ After the turtle spirit was gone to control the flood, I expected the emperor to communicate with his wife. The spirit left, just like Yao and Shun. ⑦Bie Ling came to the throne, and his name was Kaiming. The emperor gave birth to Lu Bao, also named Kaiming... When the emperor died (Gui Niao, the word "Gui" on the left is "bird" on the right). , the computer cannot input it, so I write these two characters instead of "Ming", so the people of Shu mourned the son (Gui bird) and thought about the emperor. ⑧ Yu died, as the saying goes, Yun Yu turned into a son ----. "Gui Niao" is also the name of the bird. When people in Shu heard the song of "Gui Niao", they all called it "Wang Di Ye". Li Ying of the Later Han Dynasty "Shu Zhi" said: "Wang Di practiced Taoism and hid in the west mountain. It turns into a cuckoo bird, or the cloud turns into a Du Yu bird, also called a Zigui bird. It sings at the vernal equinox, and those who hear it feel sad. "
The anonymous "Erya Shiniao" of Han Dynasty: "Xi Zhou. "Guo Pu of Jin Dynasty noted: "Zixun Bird came out of Sichuan." "Selected Works of the Warring States Period, Chu Song Yu's "Ode to the High Tang Dynasty"" Li Shan of the Tang Dynasty quoted "Erya" as saying: "'Xun Zhou'. Guo Pu said: "Zixunniao came out of Shuzhong. It is also said that Zigui, a sister returned to Xun, Hu Guiqie"
Jin? "Shu Zhi": "Later there was a king named Du Yu, who taught the people to farm, and was the first Du Zhu. At that time, Zhu Ti had a daughter of the Liang family who traveled to the source of the Yangtze River. Yu liked her and took her as his concubine. She moved to Piyi or Qushang. The Seven Kingdoms were called King Du Yu proclaimed himself emperor, named Wangdi, and changed his name to Pu Bei. Since then, the kings with high merits have made Baoxie the front gate, Xiong'er and Lingguan the back gates, Yulei and Emei the city walls, and Jiang, Qian, and Mian. , Luo was used as a pond, Wenshan was used as a livestock farm, and Nanzhong was used as a garden. There would be floods, so Xiang Kaiming decided to cut off Yulei Mountain to eliminate the floods. Located in Kaiming, the emperor ascended to the west mountain to hide in Yan. It was the second month and the cuckoos were singing, so the people of Shu mourned the cuckoos and devoted themselves to farming. So far, the people of Ba and Shu have worshiped Du Zhujun first. "
Volume 60 of "Shuo Yong" written by Tao Zongyi of the Yuan Dynasty quoted Song Dynasty's Yue Shi "Taiping Huanyu Ji": "Wang Di... His own virtue is not as good as that of the turtle spirit, so he gives up the throne, and the turtle spirit stands up, and his name is Enlightenment. After Emperor Wang fled, he was unable to return to his throne. He died and turned into a cuckoo. Every spring and moon, he screamed day and night. People in Shu heard it and said, "I am Wang Emperor's soul." It was also called Du Yu, also known as Du Yu. "Zigui."
①天 fallen: falling from the sky. Zhu Ti: The name of the mountain is located in the southwest of Yibin County, Sichuan Province today.
②Jiangyuan: the source of the Yangtze River. One theory is that it is an ancient place name, located in the east of Chongqing County, Sichuan Province today.
③Wenshan: Minshan. Wen is pronounced as "Min". Minshan Mountain is located at the junction of Sichuan and Gansu in northern Sichuan Province. One branch extends southward, also known as Minshan Mountain. Emeishan Mountain is its southern end. There is Qingcheng Mountain in the southwest of Guan County, which is the peak of Minshan Mountain. The term "Wenshan" immediately refers to Qingcheng Mountain. Pi: The sound is pi, located in the north of Pixian County in present-day Sichuan.
④Jing: The state of Chu at that time. Turtle: Sounds like bi. A variation of "turtle". Kang Yin: Volume 14 of "Classic Collection of Forests" cites "The Book of the King of Shu" and also writes it as "Tie Ling". Die: lost. Seek: to find.
⑤ On the river: According to this original meaning, it should be a corpse swimming upstream. Prime Minister: Prime Minister, Prime Minister.
⑥Yushan: The name of the mountain, near Kunlun Mountain. Floods of Yao: Yao, one of the five ancient emperors of the Central Plains, is said to have suffered from severe floods for ten consecutive years during his reign. Jue: refers to excavation. Lu Chu: Live on land.
⑦ Tong: Adultery. 慙: means “shame”. Yao's Zen and Shun: Yao and Shun were both one of the five ancient emperors. According to legend, Emperor Yao valued the virtuous and loved talents. In his later years, he saw that Emperor Shun was very talented and gave up the throne to Shun. Zen, abdication, abdication.
⑧Ming: Cry.