2 English reference roots [Landau Chinese-English Dictionary]
Stemona root [Xiangya medical dictionary]
Hundred books [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]
Committee on terminology of traditional Chinese medicine. Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2004)]
Committee on terminology of traditional Chinese medicine. Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2004)]
3 Overview Stemona is the name of traditional Chinese medicine, which comes from Notes on Materia Medica [1]. It is the dried root of Stemona. )Miq。 , a hundred. )Miq。 Or a hundred. Belongs to Stemonaceae.
Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China (PRC) (20 10 edition) records the pharmacopoeia standard of this Chinese medicine.
4 Latin scientific name Stemona (La) (Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2004))
5 English name Stemona root (Chinese medicine terminology (2004))
Six hundred alias cough medicine, one hundred root medicine and medicine louse medicine [1].
7 Source and place of origin. Stemona erecta ) French .. or Stemona tuber. Root tuber [1]. Stemona and Stemona erecta are mainly produced in East China. Stemona leaves are mainly produced in Hubei, Sichuan, Guangxi and Yunnan [1].
8 The taste is bitter, slightly warm and slightly toxic [1]. Into the lung meridian [1].
Efficacy: Warming lung qi, relieving cough and killing insects [1].
1. Treat tuberculosis, acute and chronic bronchitis, whooping cough, ascariasis and amebic dysentery [1]. Decocting: 3 ~ 9g [1].
2. Treat pinworm disease, fry thick liquid, and make an appointment before going to bed; Trichomoniasis, washing with decoction; Tinea, alcohol immersion or rubbing; Kill head lice and body lice, and apply them with wine paste or decoction [1].
The chemical constituents of Stemona root include Stemona, Stemona, Isostemona, Protostemona, Stemona amide, Stemona diol and so on. Stemona root contains sessile alkaloids, sessile alkaloids, protostemine and so on. Stemona root contains Stemona, Stemona, Stemona, Stemona yunnanensis, Stemona, formic acid and malic acid [1].
Pharmacological effects 1 1 decoctions and ethanol extracts have inhibitory effects on a variety of cocci, bacilli and fungi; Alcohol extract can kill head lice, body lice, crabs, bedbugs, maggots, swallows, pinworms and trichomonads [1]. Stemona alkaloids have spasmolytic effect on guinea pig bronchus. Alkaloids can also relieve cough and eliminate phlegm [1].
12 Poisoned Stemona, also known as Stemona, Bainai, Jiuchong Root, Cough Medicine, Stemona, Wild Asparagus, Stemona, Bopsy Ghost, a nest of tigers, etc. [3]. It is the root tuber of Stemonaceae, including creeping Stemona, erect Stemona or opposite Stemona [3]. It contains many alkaloids such as stemonane. It belongs to antitussive and antiasthmatic drugs [3]. Pharmacological effects include antitussive, expectorant, antiasthmatic, antibacterial, antiviral and antiparasitic [3].
Excessive Stemona alkaloids can cause poisoning [3].
12. 1 Adverse reaction mechanism: excessive alkaloids in its components can cause poisoning, gastrointestinal mucosa, and large doses can reduce the excitability of respiratory center, leading to respiratory center paralysis [3].
12.2 clinical manifestations include nausea, vomiting, epigastric discomfort, abdominal pain, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, pale face, dyspnea, and even death due to respiratory paralysis [3].
12.3 treatment of Stemona poisoning treatment points are [3]:
1. gastric lavage with L: 5000 potassium permanganate solution or 5% tannic acid, catharsis with magnesium sulfate and intravenous infusion of 5% glucose [3].
2. Symptomatic treatment: give oxygen to people with dyspnea, breathe stimulants such as nikethamide and lobeline, and intubate when necessary [3].
Pharmacopoeia standard13Stemona +03. 1 is Stemona.
Hundred steps
Stemona root
13.2 the source of this product is Stemona (Miq. )Miq..)miq。 Hundreds. )Miq。 Or a hundred. Belongs to Stemonaceae. Digging in the spring and autumn, removing fibrous roots, washing, slightly scalding in boiling water or steaming until there is no white heart, taking out and drying.
13.3 characteristics 13.3. 1 Stemona is spindle-shaped, with slender upper end, shrinking and bending, 5 ~ 12 cm long and 0.5~lcm in diameter. The surface is yellowish white or light brown, with irregular deep longitudinal grooves and occasional transverse wrinkles. Brittle, easily broken, flat cross section, horny, yellow-brown or yellow-white, wide skin, flat column. Slight gas, sweet and bitter.
13.3.2 Stemona is slightly narrow at both ends, with many irregular wrinkles and horizontal wrinkles on the surface.
13.3.3 Stemona leaves are spindle-shaped or elongated, 8-24 cm long and 0.8-2 cm in diameter. The surface is yellowish brown to grayish brown, with shallow longitudinal wrinkles or irregular longitudinal grooves. Solid texture, yellow-white to dark brown cross section, large stele and white flesh.
13.4 Identification (1) Cross section of this product: Stemona root cap is 3-4 rows of cells, with cork wall, wood and dense fine stripes. The cortex is wider. There are 65438 phloem bundles and 19 ~ 27 xylem bundles in the stele, which are arranged at intervals, and there are a few non-lignified fibers in the phloem bundles; Xylem has 2 ~ 5 bundles of wood fibers and tracheids. The catheter is polygonal, with a radial diameter of about 48μm, and occasionally goes deep into the marrow. There are some tiny fibers scattered in the pulp.
Stemona root has 3 ~ 6 rows of cells. Lignification of bast fiber. The radial diameter of the catheter is about 184um, which usually goes deep into the medulla and is arranged with the lateral catheter bundle for 2 ~ 3 times.
Stemona root has three rows of cells, and the cell wall has no fine stripes, and the inner wall of the innermost cell is extremely thick. There are scattered fibers outside the cortex, which are square and slightly lignified. There are 32 ~ 40 phloem bundles and 32 ~ 40 xylem bundles in the stele. The xylem bundle is polygonal, with a diameter of 107μm, and its inner side is connected with woody fibers and lignified parenchyma cells to form a ring layer.
(2) Take 5g of this product powder, add 50ml of 70% ethanol, heat and reflux for 65438+/-0h, filter, evaporate the ethanol from the filtrate, add concentrated ammonia solution to the residue to adjust the pH value to10 ~1,add 5ml of chloroform for shaking extraction, separate the chloroform layer, evaporate to dryness, and add 65430 to the residue. The filtrate is divided into two parts: one part drops bismuth potassium iodide test solution to generate orange-red precipitate; Dropping silicotungstic acid test solution into another part to generate milky white precipitate.
13.5 According to the hot dip method under the water-soluble extract determination method (Appendix ⅹ a of Pharmacopoeia I, 20 10), the extract content shall not be less than 50.0%.
13.6 radix stemonae decoction pieces 13.6. 1 processing 13.6. 1 radix stemonae, removing impurities, cleaning, moistening, cutting into thick slices and drying.
This product is an irregular thick tablet or an irregular strip inclined tablet; The surface is grayish white and brownish yellow with deep longitudinal wrinkles; The cut surface is grayish white, yellowish brown or yellowish white, with horniness; The epidermis is thick and the stele is flat. Combine rigidity with softness. Slight gas, sweet and bitter.
13.6.10.2 slice Stemona honey, and fry it according to the honey-baking method (Appendix II D of Pharmacopoeia I, 20 10) until it is not sticky.
Every 100kg of stem, honey is refined with 12.5kg.
This product is similar to Stemona tablets, with brown or brown surface, slightly burnt spots and slightly sticky. It tastes sweet.
13.6.2 taste, sweet, bitter and mild in meridian tropism. Return to lung meridian.
13.6.3 Functions and indications: moistening lung, relieving cough, killing insects and ticks. Used for chronic cough, tuberculosis cough and sudden cough; Topical treatment of head lice, body lice, pinworm, vulvar itching. Stemona honey moistens lung and relieves cough. Can be used for treating cough due to yin deficiency.
13.6.4 Usage and dosage 3 ~ 9g. Appropriate amount for external use, decocting in water or soaking in wine.
13.6.5 stored in a ventilated and dry place, moisture-proof.
13.7 source