His father, Fang, is a good official and the people call him a "loving father". During the Renshou period of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, envoys were sent to inspect officials' achievements. As a result, it was ranked first in the world. Fang is not only an honest official, but also a learned man. Whether he is an official or at home, he attaches great importance to his sons and nephews' studies and often urges and encourages them. Fang was smart and alert since he was a child, and the classics his father asked him to read were catchy and won Fang's love. With the growth of age, under the education of his father, Fang not only wrote a good calligraphy with both cursive and cursive skills, but also was deeply influenced by his father's elegant style of writing, and his articles were also excellent and extraordinary. Fang was full of joy for his son's growth and progress, but he not only educated his son to study, but also often cultivated his son's moral character. On one occasion, the other party said, "Everyone else has made a fortune as an official, but I am still poor as an official. What I left to future generations was only an innocent reputation. " His father's words influenced Fang's life, and his later career reflected his father's teachings everywhere.
In 6 18, Li Yuan established the Tang Dynasty, and Li Shimin became the king of Qin. Fang Guan worshiped Qin Shi, and was named Linzi Hou. Li Shimin often praised Fang, and Li Yuan also said happily: "Smart and honest, it is expected to take on a big responsibility."
In the first year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong appointed Fang as the secretariat. In September this year, Emperor Taizong paid tribute to DPRK officials. As a result, Fang, Du Ruhui, Wuji, and Hou won the first prize and were rewarded.
After the award, Emperor Taizong said, "Today, we want to reward your achievements. Please speak freely. "
Li Shentong, king of Huai 'an, said: "Your Majesty, I led the troops to fight and forgot my life, while Fang, Du Ruhui and others just sat in the DPRK, dancing and writing, but the credit was in the forefront, and I was dissatisfied."
Emperor Taizong said: "You have made great contributions, but Fang plans and grasps the overall situation, and you only carry it out, so he has made the greatest contribution and should of course rank first."
Li Shentong, the king of Huai 'an, resigned in humiliation, and other ministers had nothing to say.
Fang is very modest and prudent, and he is deeply uneasy about being rewarded for his achievements. He said to Emperor Taizong, "Your majesty puts my minister first, and my heart is very uneasy."
Emperor Taizong replied, "In the past, Emperor Gaozu awarded ministers, with Xiao He at the forefront. You are like my Xiao He, and you deserve the first place. Only when the king is impartial can he win the hearts of the people. My ministers and I get food and clothing from the people every day, so the establishment of officials and posts is also for the people. The state should reuse and give preferential treatment to talented people, so that they can make better contributions to the country, and also make the whole country form a good habit of seeing Si Qi. Today is based on such a principle, not someone's preference. You deserve it, don't say it again. "
Soon, Fang was promoted to Zuo Assistant Minister of Shangshu to supervise the revision of national history and was named Duke Wei. Emperor Taizong said, "I heard that you handle official business day and night. As a servant, your most important duty is to recruit talents, but you are so busy that you don't even have time to choose talents for your country. In the future, you just need to grasp the big principles and policies, and let others do the specific things! " Fang thanked Emperor Taizong for caring so much about himself and working day and night for the country.
One day, Emperor Taizong and Fang discussed the way of governing the country. Fang said, "Policies should be loose and fair, and implementation should be strict and fair. Officials should do their best and do their duty. Don't blame others for perfection, and don't measure others' shortcomings with your own strengths. "
Emperor Taizong said, "You're right, that's what you did."
Fang Lingxuan replied, "I will do my best according to your majesty's will."
In the third year of Zhenguan (629), Fang and Wang Xuan presided over the performance appraisal of officials as prime ministers. Wan Ji, who was in charge of this book, felt unfair, so he played this book to Emperor Taizong and asked him to punish Fang and Wang Xuan. Emperor Taizong sent Hou to investigate the matter. He said, "Fang and Wang Xuan are both old ministers of the imperial court, and their loyalty is always valued by your majesty. They evaluated hundreds of officials, and the improper evaluation of one or two people can only be regarded as a hundred secrets, not because they have any selfishness. "
Emperor Taizong also thinks it makes sense. He said: "I hope we can select talented people from all over the world and let them be officials, serve the country and benefit the people. In the future, as long as the Prime Minister reviews and reports to me, it is ok. Reward for meritorious service, and punish for guilty. Who wouldn't try their best? If so, how can the world not be peaceful? "
At that time, all courtiers sincerely admired Fang Lingxuan, and Emperor Taizong paid more attention to him and praised him many times.
Although Fang is famous all over the world, he never takes credit, nor is he greedy for power and profit. Emperor Taizong once called his ministers to discuss hereditary matters, and appointed them as Songzhou Secretariat and Liang Guogong. The reason why Emperor Taizong sealed Fang as the secretariat of Songzhou was to let Fang's descendants inherit. However, Fang felt that as prime minister, he should set an example for ministers and should not covet personal gain, so he said to Emperor Taizong: "I have already served as prime minister, and now I have been appointed as the secretariat of Songzhou, which is likely to make ministers fight for power and profit, making national affairs in chaos. I don't think it's appropriate. Please remove my secretariat first. "
Emperor Taizong complied with Fang's memorial and made him Liang Guogong. After Fang resigned from the secretariat of Songzhou, the ministers of the DPRK followed suit and resigned from their hereditary posts. Emperor Taizong said with great emotion: "Today, North Korean ministers can take such actions because of Ling Xuan!"
Later, Fang was made a prince. He came to the East Palace to see the Crown Prince for the first time, and the Crown Prince wanted to worship him. Fang Lingxuan hurriedly avoided to one side and took a firm attitude. The current prime minister was so humble and respectful that people could not help secretly praising him. They all say that he is an unprecedented saint.
In the sixteenth year of Zhenguan (642), Fang felt that he had been a prime minister for a long time, and it was inappropriate to stay in a high position for a long time, and he resigned many times. Emperor Taizong said to him, "It is certainly a virtue to resign oneself to fate. However, the country's dependence on you has a long history. If you lose a saint like you, it's like losing your right hand. "
Fang Lingxuan often fell ill in his later years. Emperor Taizong still entrusted him with a heavy responsibility, and wrote a letter saying, "Ling Xuan is ill, so let him work at home and stay in bed to handle official duties." When something important happened in North Korea, he ordered someone to take him to the temple. Every time I met this scene, Emperor Taizong burst into tears and said, "You are old, so am I!"
Later, Fang was critically ill. Emperor Taizong not only sent the Crown Prince to his home to offer condolences, but also personally visited him and shook hands with Fang. The monarch and ministers were deeply saddened. Fang struggled and said, "I have to leave first. May your majesty take care! "
Soon, Fang died. Emperor Taizong held a grand funeral for him by imperial edict, and dedicated it to Qiu, the governor of Bing, and posthumous title named it "".
Du Ruhui (585 ~ 630) was a minister in the early Tang Dynasty. The word Keming was born in Jingzhao Ling Du (now Chang 'an County, Shaanxi Province). He was one of the main advisers of Li Shimin of Emperor Taizong, who seized power and began the rule of Zhenguan. He was deeply trusted and reused by Li Shimin, and was a famous figure in the early years of Zhenguan.
Du Ruhui was born into an official family, and his youth was eager to learn. During the great cause, Gao, assistant minister of the official department, attached great importance to his cleverness and resourcefulness, so he was appointed as a captain of Fuyang County (now Cixian County, Hebei Province). Seeing the political corruption in the Sui Dynasty, he thought that the position of county commandant was humble, so he abandoned his official position and returned to his hometown.
At the end of the 13th year of Daye (6 17), Li Yuan and his son led the army to conquer Chang 'an, and the Tang Dynasty was established the following year. Li Shimin, the king of Qin, heard that Du Ruhui was resourceful and asked Cao Jun to join the army. When the Tang regime was first established, officials should be stationed in various places. At that time, there were many talented aides in Qin Gong, and some of them had been transferred to serve. Fang said, "Du Ruhui is smart and brave, and he is a rare talent. If you want to build an imperial industry in the future, you must have this person's assistance. It's not a pity that everything else has been transferred, but the society seems to be gloomy. " Hearing this, Li Shimin immediately hit Tang Gaozu, asking her to stay in Qin Wangmi. From then on, Du Ruhui followed Li Shimin and became the core figure of Li Shimin think tank.
In August of the first year of Wude (6 18), Xue Ju, who was stationed in Longyou today, strengthened Mazhuang and took advantage of the unstable position of Li Tang regime to send troops to the east. Gaozu sent Li Shimin to lead the army to conquer, and Du Ruhui served as a strategist. After two battles, Tang Jun completely defeated the Western Qin forces and relieved the threat from the northwest. In order to reward Li Shimin for his meritorious military service, Tang Gaozu ordered him to host a festival in Shaanxi. Du Ruhui was accompanied by a very famous doctor, from Jianping County, and there were 300 households in the food city. Subsequently, the armies of Liu Wuzhou, Wang and other armed separatist forces continued to advance eastward, and Du Ruhui often accompanied them, taking the lead and winning the battle. He handles official business quickly and accurately, and is the most capable talent among his colleagues. In the fourth year of Wude (62 1), in October, Li Shimin set up a literature museum, recruiting talents and scholars, and studying literary works, with 18 bachelors. Du Ruhui was chosen as a bachelor.
With the consolidation and development of the regime in the Tang Dynasty, the battle for the throne was gradually launched between Prince Li and the King of Qin. Du Ruhui and Fang gave an idea to encourage him to pre-empt and launch a coup to get rid of Li Yuanji. Cheng Jian and Yuanji are also stepping up their planning to divide and disintegrate the backbone of Qin. He knew that "the only thing to be feared in Qin was society, such as Huihefang". So he told Gaozu that the government agency was not conducive to the court. High-impedance ordered the people in the palace and the people in the club to be driven out of Qin Gong, and they were not allowed to serve the people of Li See privately in the future. When Li Shimin made up his mind to fight with the Fuehrer for the last time, he sent Wei Chijingde to the convenor and Du Ruhui's family to discuss. Du Ruhui disguised himself as a Taoist and followed Sun Chang into Qin Gong. After careful arrangement, in the early morning of June 4th, the 9th year of Wude (626), Li Shimin led Du Ruhui and other soldiers to launch the famous "Xuanwu Gate Incident", which killed Li and Li Yuanji and wiped out political opponents. Li Shimin is the Crown Prince and worships Ruhui as the prince's left illegitimate child.
In August of the same year, Tang Gaozu was forced to abdicate and Li Shimin became emperor. Du Ruhui worked with counselor Li Shimin for many years, especially in the process of plotting a coup and helping Li Shimin seize the throne. He was promoted to be the minister of war, named Cai Guogong, and there were 65,438+0,300 households in the food city. In the second year of Zhenguan (628), he took this officer as a proofreader, assistant, branch minister and director of horse affairs for East officers and soldiers. In February of three years, he was promoted to the right assistant of Shangshu, still in charge of selecting officials and co-managing state affairs with Fang. In that year1February, he resigned due to illness.
At the beginning of his reign, Li Shimin made great efforts to carry out a series of political reforms. As Li Shimin's main adviser, Du Ruhui played an important role. All major military and political events participated in the consultation, which played an important role in assisting Emperor Taizong to establish the imperial edict system, select officials and establish the legal system. At that time, the ruling class learned the lessons from the demise of the Sui Dynasty and adopted some preferential policies for farmers, which made the productive forces develop, the national political situation stable and the economy gradually prosperous, and created the famous "chastity rule" in history. It was a famous phenomenon at that time that Fang was good at planning and Du Ruhui was good at judging.
At the beginning of the fourth year of Zhenguan (630), Du Ruhui was seriously ill, and Taizong personally visited his home. In that year1February, Du Ruhui died of illness at the age of 46. Emperor Taizong abandoned the court for three days to show his condolences. And ordered Yu Shinan to write an inscription for it. I sent a letter to the same three divisions of Kaifu Instrument, which was added as Sikong and renamed Lai Guogong.