Yan Zhenqing, a native of Langya Yanshi, was a scholar in the 22nd year of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (734). He used to be the censor and an assistant in the temple. Later, because he offended Yang, the powerful minister, he was demoted to be the prefect of the plain and was called "Yan Plain" by the world. During the Anshi Rebellion, Yan Zhenqing led the rebels to fight against the rebels and once recovered Hebei. Later, he went to Fengxiang and was made a minister. When Tang Daizong was an official, he went to the official department of Shangshu Province, and a prince and a surname named him Duke Lu, which was called Duke Yan Lu in history. In the first year of Xingyuan (784), he was sent to tell the rebel Li Xilie that he refused the thief in awe and was finally slapped to death. After he was killed, Cao's heirs and soldiers of the three armed forces cried. Posthumous title Si Tuleideng, posthumous title "in the text".
Yan Zhenqing's calligraphy is exquisite and good at it. Chu Suiliang, a beginner, studied under Zhang Xu and got his brushwork. Its regular script is dignified and majestic, and its running script is vigorous and powerful, which has created a "Yan style" regular script and has a great influence on later generations. Together with Zhao Mengfu, Liu Gongquan and Ou Yangxun, they are also called "four masters of regular script". Together with Liu Gongquan, they are called "Yan Liu" and "Yangu". He is also good at poetry, such as You, Ji, Wu, Ji, Lu Ji and Linchuan Ji, all of which have been lost. The Song people compiled Yan Ji.
Editing and broadcasting of characters' lives
Official voice
Yan Zhenqing likes [4]?
Tang Zhongzong Jinglong three years (709), Yan Zhenqing was born in Dunhua Square, Wannian County, Jingzhao Prefecture. The Yanshi family originally came from Linyi, but after Yan Zhitui, the fifth ancestor of Yan Zhenqing, the Yanshi family moved to Jing Zhao Chang 'an. [5]?
Yan Zhenqing lost his father when he was three years old, and was personally educated by his mother, Mrs. Yin. When I grow up, I am knowledgeable, good at writing articles and very filial to my mother, Mrs. Yin [6]? . In July of the 9th year of Kaiyuan (72 1), Yan Zhenqing went south with Mrs. Yin and lived with her grandfather in Suzhou. In the 21st year of Kaiyuan (733), he studied at Fushan Temple in Chang 'an, the capital of Beijing. /kloc-go to the official department for an exam in October [7]? .
In February of the 22nd year of Kaiyuan (734), Yan Zhenqing Zhongjinshijia [7]? [8]? . In the twenty-fourth year of Kaiyuan (736), he was selected by the official department as a school book lang. [7]?
In the 26th year of Kaiyuan (738), Yan Zhenqing went to Luoyang for three years because of the death of Mrs. Yin. [7]?
In the first year of Tianbao (742), Yan Zhenqing returned to Chang 'an and took the course of "Xiu Yi Ke" (an exam). . In October, was appointed as liquan county commandant being? . Tianbao five years (746), in March, moved to Chang 'an county commandant [7]? . According to "Friends of Cloud Creek", Yan Zhenqing used to be Linchuan's literature and history, which made him "a scholar in politics and politics" and was highly respected [9]? . After two promotions, he was appointed as the army supervisor and was ordered to inspect Hedong and Longzhou. During the inspection, he rehabilitated Wuyuan's unjust prison and was praised by the people. When Zheng Xun, the unfilial magistrate of Shuofang County, visited Hedong, he was illegally dismissed by the court and banned for life. [ 10]?
In the eighth year of Tianbao (749), Yan Zhenqing was promoted to the imperial palace. Because he was disgusted by Prime Minister Yang, he was transferred to interview the judge [7]? . The following year, he was appointed as a temple adviser? . In the eleventh year of Tianbao (752), he was transferred to the Ministry of War as Foreign Minister [7]? Yang was transferred from Beijing in the second year because of his exclusion, and became the prefect of the plain. [ 1 1]?
Sing the first song "Dashun"
Main item: An Shi Rebellion
Pingyuan county belongs to the jurisdiction of Pinglu, Fanyang and Hedong, which is the time of our Anshi rebellion. At that time, the signs of Anshi Rebellion had been revealed. Under the cover of continuous rain, Yan Zhenqing secretly raised the city wall, dredged the moat, recruited able-bodied men and stored up grain and grass. On the surface, he drinks with guests in the same boat every day, paralyzing An Lushan. An Lushan really thinks he is a scholar and has nothing to worry about. In the 14th year of Tianbao (755), under the pretext of "worrying about the country and the people", An Lushan secretly punished Yang and set up an army in Fanyang. Most counties in Hebei were captured by rebels, and only Pingyuan City was well defended. Yan Zhenqing sent his troops to join the army, and Li Ping rode a fast horse to Chang 'an to report to Xuanzong. At first, Xuanzong heard the news of An Lushan's rebellion and sighed, "Don't all the 24 counties in Hebei have loyal ministers?" When Li Ping arrived in Beijing, Xuanzong was overjoyed and said to the officials around him, "I don't know Yan Zhenqing's character. He did a great job! " [ 12]? At that time, there were 3,000 soldiers in Pingyuan County. He recruited another 10,000 soldiers, sent clerks to join the army, and appointed Long Live Diao, He Lin, Ma Xiangru, Gao Kanglang and others as generals, respectively, to command the army and treat the soldiers grandly at the west gate of the city. Yan Zhenqing's speech burst into tears, and the whole army was moved. Raoyang satrap Lv Quancheng, Jinan satrap Li Sui, Qinghe Changshi, Jincheng Sima Li and Ye Jun satrap Wang Tao all led the troops to vote. The court ordered Helan Jin Ming, the governor of Beihai, to lead 5,000 elite soldiers across the river to help. [ 13]?
Yan Zhenqing Edition Engraving [14]?
The rebels occupied Luoyang and sent Duan Ziguang to bring the heads of Li Lin, Lu Yi and Jiang Qing to Hebei. Yan Zhenqing worried that everyone was afraid and coaxed the generals into saying, "I have always known Li Yi and others, and these heads are not theirs." So he killed Duan Shuguang and hid the three heads. After a while, they made people out of straw, connected their heads together, held a funeral, and set up a coffin to cry for them [15]? . At this point, Yan Zhenqing's cousin Yan Gaoqing was appointed as the prefect of Changshan (now Zhengding, Hebei), killed the rebel general Li and others, and wiped out the enemy of Tumen. Seventeen counties surrendered to the imperial court automatically on the same day, and elected Yan Zhenqing as the leader, with 200,000 troops, thus cutting off the traffic links in Zhao Yan. The court appointed Yan Zhenqing as assistant minister to assist Li Guangbi in the crusade against Hedong rebels. Yan Zhenqing appointed Li Hui as deputy, and Li Xi, Jia Zai and Shen Zhen as judges. Was quickly recruited by Garber [16] as an interview ambassador for Hebei? .
Li E, a native of Qinghe County, turned to Yan Zhenqing for help. Li Chen suggested that Yan Zhenqing join Qinghe County and use its money and grain. Yan Zhenqing sent 6000 reinforcements and asked Li Jue for advice. Li Jue said, "The imperial court sent a hundred thousand troops from the eastern foot of Taihang Mountain, ready to retreat to stop the rebels from advancing. If you attack Wei county, kill Yuan Zhitai, the rebel general, and hit the mouth of "Mountain Guo" with a good soldier. The army that greeted the imperial court went out of "Mountain Guo" to attack Yecheng and Youling, and 100,000 troops from Pingyuan and Qinghe counties attacked Luoyang, separating elite troops to control the key points. If we persist in not fighting the enemy for more than a few days, the rebels will be defeated and kill each other. " Yan Zhenqing agreed to send a message to Qinghe and other counties, and sent general Li Zejiao, lieutenant Fan Dongfu, He Lin, Xu Hao and five thousand troops from Qinghe and Boping counties to be stationed in Tangyi. Yuan Zhitai sent Bai and Yi to lead 20,000 soldiers to battle. The rebels were defeated and more than ten thousand people were beheaded. Yuan Zhitai fled to Ji Jun. [ 17]?
Rebel general Shi Siming besieged Raoyang and sent troops to patrol and cut off reinforcements from Pingyuan County. Yan Zhenqing was worried about losing to the rebels, so he wrote to Helan Jin Ming to let him go with him, and promised to recruit a special envoy for him in Hebei. Helan's defeat in Xindu coincided with the uprising of Pinglu general Liu in Yuyang. Yan Zhenqing wanted to strengthen his confidence, sent Jia Zi across the sea to send more than 100,000 military expenses, and took his 10-year-old son Yan Po as a hostage. They insisted that Yan Po stay, but Yan Zhenqing wouldn't listen. [ 18]?
At this time, Prince Hengli (Tang Suzong) has been enthroned in Lingwu. Yan Zhenqing repeatedly sent messengers to report military and political affairs to Hengli with letters of sealing wax pills. Hengli appointed him as the minister of the Ministry of Industry and an ancient scholar, and re-appointed him as the ambassador to Hebei. At that time, military expenditure was difficult. Li Chen suggested that Yan Zhenqing collect the salt resources of Jingcheng, so that the counties could adjust their economies to ensure the supply of military expenditure. Wu Qi, a wealth manager, followed this rule later and enriched the army. [ 19]?
Fuxing dynasty
An Lushan stepped in and sent Shi Siming and Yin to attack Hebei, and the counties fell again. Only Pingyuan County, Boping County and Qinghe County were firmly defended. But people are in a panic and can't cheer up anymore. After consulting with others, Yan Zhenqing gave up Pingyuan County in 756 10, crossed the Yellow River, embarked on a rugged road, and visited Hengli in Fengxiang. Hengli appointed him as the Minister of Constitutional Affairs and transferred him to Yushi. At this time, the imperial court was in chaos, but Yan Zhenqing still ruled by law as usual, and Cui Yi, assistant minister of the Ministry of War, and Li Heji, doctor of the suggestion institute, were all impeached and demoted by him. [20]?
Yan Zhenqing Shaanxi Marbles [2 1]?
Guangping King Li Chu (later renamed Li Yu and Tang Daizong) led 200,000 troops to recover Chang 'an. On the day of farewell, he didn't dare to get on the horse in front of the palace, so he quickly stepped out of the fence before getting on the horse. Guan Chongsi got on the horse before Li Chu and Yan Zhenqing impeached him. Hengli wrote back and said, "Every time my son goes out, I inculcate him and dare not be rude. Guan Chongsi is old and lame. Please forgive him for the time being. " Therefore, Guan Bai is serious and ceremonial. [22]?
After recovering Chang 'an, Hengli sent Zuo Sirang and Li Xuan to the ancestral temple to offer sacrifices, and signed the proclamation of "heir emperor". Yan Zhenqing said to Cui Qi, a senior official, "The emperor's father is still in Sichuan, in Sichuan. Is that all right? " Cui Qi immediately reported the change of Hengli, so Hengli appreciated the talents in Yan Zhenqing. Yan Zhenqing also suggested building an altar in Chang 'an Township to make Hengli cry and sacrifice to the East, and then sending a ceremonial envoy. Hengli did not adopt this suggestion. The Prime Minister didn't like Yan Zhenqing's outspoken admonition, and sent him out of Beijing to be the prefect of Feng Yi. He was transferred to Zhou Pu Secretariat and sealed Danyang County. It was framed by Tang Min, the imperial censor, and was demoted as the secretariat of Raozhou. [23]?
In the second year of Gan Yuan (759), Yan Zhenqing was appointed as the envoy to western Zhejiang. Zhan Liu, our time in Huaixi, was about to rebel, and Yan Zhenqing instructed him to prepare for the war in advance. Li Jiao, the viceroy, thought he was making much ado about nothing, but attacked him, so Hengli called Yan Zhenqing assistant minister of punishments. After the Zhan Liu Uprising, after crossing the Huaihe River, Li Jiao fled to Jiangxi. Li, the ruler, moved the emperor's father to the Nishinomiya, and Yan Zhenqing led the officials to see him off, which aroused Li's antipathy and reduced him to the secretariat of Peng. [24]?
In the first year of Baoying (762), Prince Li Yu ascended the throne, and Yan Zhenqing was appointed as the secretariat of Lizhou. He was appointed assistant minister of the official department without a letter of appointment. He also granted Jingnan our time, but he has not yet arrived, and he has changed to worship Shangshu Youcheng. [25]?
In October of the first year of Guangde (763), Li Yu took refuge in Shaanxi to avoid the invasion of Tubo. Yan Zhenqing asked to summon him back to South Korea, but Li Yu disagreed. In December, Li Yu returned to Beijing, and Yan Zhenqing asked Li Yu to visit the mausoleum and ancestral temple first, and then acceded to the throne in the main hall. Prime Minister Yuan Zai thought he was pedantic, and Yan Zhenqing said angrily, "This suggestion is useless to you. What is the crime of the person who advised him? But how can the rules of the imperial court stand up to your destruction twice? " Yuan Zai bears a grudge. [26]? [27]?
In the first month of the second year of Guangde (764), Li Yu appointed Yan Zhenqing as the minister of punishments, as the messenger of the camp in the north, to persuade Pugu Huaien to enter the DPRK. Yan Zhenqing replied, "When your majesty was in Shaanxi, I questioned him with loyalty and let him come to the national disaster. He still has a reason. Now that your majesty has returned to the palace, I can't explain to you how to get in and out. Called at this time, how could he come? In addition, only Xin Yunjing, Luo Fengxian, Li Baoyu and Yu Chaoen accused Bu Guhuai of rebellion, and other ministers said that he was wronged. Your Majesty might as well replace Puguhuai with Guo Ziyi, so that he can surrender without fighting. " [27]? Li Yu agreed. Yan Zhenqing therefore stayed in Beijing to preside over the affairs of Shangshu Province, and changed the county magistrate. [28]?
Yuan Zai was afraid that the ministers would report back to Li Yu, so he asked him to write a letter and let the ministers speak before they could type. Yan Zhenqing played to dissuade him, so the eunuch spread the matter all over the court. [29]?
In the seventh year of Dali (772), Huai Su returned to his hometown, bypassed Luoyang, the eastern capital, and visited Yan Zhenqing. Yan Zhenqing is a man who loves talents. He taught Huai Su "twelve strokes of meaning", that is, "pointing horizontally, pointing vertically, indicating both the international and the secret international". Yan Zhenqing also wrote "Preface to Master Huai Su's cursive script" for Huai Su, which is regarded as the representative work of Huai Su's cursive script. It can be seen from the original paper of Huai Su's cursive thousand-character script written in his later years that Huai Su's cursive script also benefited from the brushwork taught by Yan Zhenqing, and their meeting became a much-told story in the history of China's calligraphy. [ 136]