No matter what you do, interest is the most important thing. Two thousand years ago in Wen Sheng, Confucius once said, "Knowing is not as good as being kind, and being kind is not as good as being happy". The following is a summary of high school Chinese knowledge points I have compiled. I hope everyone will read it carefully!
compulsory course
Quit Qin Shi with the power of candles
1. Zuo Zhuan is the first chronicled history book in China, and it is said that it was written by Zuo Qiuming, a historian of Lu at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. The full name is Zuo Zhuan in the Spring and Autumn Period, also known as Zuo's Spring and Autumn Period. It is also called "Three Biographies of Spring and Autumn" with Biography of Ram and Biography of Gu Liang.
2. In the Spring and Autumn Period, there were five titles: Gong, Hou, Bo, Zi and Gong. At the beginning of the Spring and Autumn Period, King Zhou enfeoffed the world, which was a great contribution in general. The more land he gets, the higher his title is, so he can be made a duke, such as Jin Wengong, Qin Mugong and Qi Huangong.
3. Zi: an ancient title of respect for men.
4. I: the princes are modest, and the people are few in virtue.
Deacon: an official who handles affairs. It is also used as a polite address for the other party.
6. Doctor: official title. In Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, officials were divided into three levels: Qing, doctor and scholar, and doctors were divided into upper, middle and lower levels. Later, it became a general term for people with official positions.
The emperor and the assassin
1. The Warring States Policy is a historical masterpiece in ancient China. It is a national history book, also called national policy. Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty, a total of 33 articles, divided into 12 strategies. Guoyu is the first national history book.
2. Qing: an ancient title of respect. For example, Yan called Jing Ke.
3. Vertical: a disparaging term for people. In addition, it also means "child servant" and "child".
4. Ancestor: Farewell to the Road God means farewell and farewell.
5. Ancient music can be divided into seven tones: Gong, Shang, Jiao, Zheng, Yu, Gong and Zheng. The change of the symbol is the tone change of the symbol, and the tone is sad; Feather, angry tone.
6. Chinese character: an official who manages the monarch's chariots and horses.
7. Langzhong: imperial guards. People also call doctors.
8. Jiju: Sitting on the ground, legs apart, like a basket, is a gesture of contempt and contempt for each other.
Hongmen feast —banquet offered with ill intentions
1. Historical Records is the first biographical general history of China, from the legendary Yellow Emperor to the Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. It is divided into five categories: biography, family and book list, with a total of *** 130, with more than 500,000 words. This chronicle records emperors, aristocratic families, biographies, ministers, secretaries of rites, music, temperament, calendars, astronomy, meditation, water conservancy and so on. , and record the simple memorabilia of each period. Lu Xun commented on the book as "the historian's swan song, Li Sao has no rhyme"
2. Guanzhong: west of Hanguguan, now Shaanxi area.
3. Shandong: the area east of Xiaoshan, that is, the area east of Hanguguan.
4. Ji Fu: Uncle. In ancient times, the order of elder brother and younger brother or sister was Bo, Zhong, Shu and Ji.
5. Rivers: Especially the Yellow River. Jiang, especially the Yangtze River.
6. Son and father: the honorific title for the other party, which is second only to the father.
7. Riding: Also called "riding", a person who took a bus and stood on the right side of the car as a guard in ancient times.
8. Stealing: In private, it is often used as a modest expression of personal views.
9. Vertical: If you swear, it is equivalent to "boy". (Combined with "Lizi" in Jing Ke Stabbed the King of Qin)
Beautiful Chinese characters (a little)
The form of Chinese characters has experienced the evolution of Oracle Bone Inscriptions, bronze inscription, big seal script, small seal script, official script, cursive script, running script and regular script. It can be divided into ancient writing stage (Shang Dynasty-Qin Dynasty, Oracle Bone Inscriptions-Xiao Zhuan) and official script stage (Han Dynasty-modern, official script-regular script).
Lishu is the main font used in Han Dynasty, with straight strokes, slight ups and downs and simple writing.
Cursive script, formed in the Han Dynasty, is a simple font to assist official script. It is mainly used for drafting documents and letters. Lian Bi is used to writing quickly, but it is difficult to recognize.
Running script appeared at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. After the emergence of regular script, it gradually evolved into a font between cursive script and regular script, which is easier to write and identify than cursive script.
Regular script, also known as "regular script" and "original script", was formed in the Han and Wei Dynasties, and gradually became the main font in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and it has been used ever since. "Kai" means "Zheng", the font is square and neat, the strokes are plain and round, and it is easier to write.
Chinese characters are square characters, which can be divided into single words and combined words. Monographs are mainly "hieroglyphs" and "indicators" that develop and change on the basis of graphics; The combination is based on single characters, including "cognitive characters" and "pictophonetic characters".
About the formation of Chinese characters, the predecessors had the so-called "six books": pictographic characters, fingering, knowing characters, pictographic characters, phonetic symbols, phonetic symbols and loanwords. Modern scholars believe that the first four of the six books are word-formation methods, and the last two are word-using methods.
Calligraphy and seal cutting have inserted artistic wings into Chinese characters, making plain square characters smart.
Wonderful couplets
Couplets, also called couplets, couplets and couplets, evolved from parallel prose and regular poems. It was formed in the Tang and Song Dynasties and prevailed in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Couplets are composed of upper couplet and lower couplet. The number of words is not specified, and it is required to be neat and balanced. The dual requirements are: the number of words is equal, the word form is the same, and the structure is equivalent. The coordination between levels needs the differences between levels. Flat voice is slow and short, the last word in the upper part must be flat, and the last word in the lower part must be flat.
Couplets are written with vertical lines without punctuation in the middle. When posting, the upper part is on the right and the lower part is on the left.
Compulsory Two
Two Poems in The Book of Songs
1. The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems in China, also known as "300 poems". There are 305 poems collected by * * *. The content is divided into "wind", "elegance" and "ode", and the main techniques are "Fu", "Bi" and "Xing". Created a precedent for China's realistic creation techniques.
The "six meanings" in the Book of Songs refer to style, elegance, ode, fu, comparison and honor, and the first three refer to different systems of poetry; The latter three refer to the different expressive techniques of poetry. Zhu explained in Biography of Poetry that "the giver is the one who tells the truth about Chen Qi", "the comparator is the one who compares another thing with this thing" and "the exhibitor is the one who says another thing first to arouse the recited words".
2. In ancient times, young men and women tied their hair in a bun, which was called the total angle. Later, the total angle was used to refer to their youth.
Lisao
1. Lisao is the masterpiece of Songs of the South and the longest lyric poem in ancient China. "Chu Ci Style" is a poetic form of Chu, which describes the local customs of Chu with dialect rhyme and has strong local characteristics. Also known as "Sao style", Li Sao is a typical representative. Li Sao initiated China's romantic writing technique.
2. The Book of Songs and Songs of the South are the brilliant crystallization of the northern Central Plains culture and the southern Chu culture in the pre-Qin period respectively. In the history of China literature, "Feng" and "Sao" are often called together. "Feng" refers to the national style and represents the Book of Songs. "Sao" refers to "Li Sao" and stands for "Chu Ci". The Book of Songs and Songs of the South are the two sources of realism and romanticism in China's literature respectively.
Southeast Fly the Peacocks; The Peacock Flies Southeast
1. Peacock Flying Southeast is the longest Han narrative poem in ancient China. Mulan Ci in the Northern Dynasties is also called Yuefu Shuangbi.
Wei Zhuang's Peacock Flying Southeast, Mulan Poetry and Fu Qin Yin in the Tang Dynasty.
2. Knot hair: On the wedding night in ancient times, men and women tied their hair in a right bun. Later it was called the original couple.
3. Qin Luofu: "Qin" is a common surname of beauty in ancient poetry, and "Luo Fu" is the general name of ancient beauty.
4. Fu Wei: The idiom "A subordinate speaks to a superior, and a subordinate speaks to an elder".
5. Bed: an ancient seat.
6. Bride: the address of ancient young women to their husbands' elders or peers.
7. Chu-Yang era: from the solstice, after winter, before beginning of spring.
8. Xiajiu: In the ancient calendar of China, the19th of each month is Xiajiu, which is the day for women to get together. Twenty-nine is grade nine, and grade nine is grade nine. 9. Liuhe: The ancients should choose a good day for marriage, and they should have a year, a month and a day (dry, dry, nail, b, c, d ...; Branches, branches, fingers, ugliness, yin, hair ...; Year, month and day are all suitable for * * *, such as Jiazi Year, Ugly Month and Bingyin Day. It is called Liuhe. It also refers to east, west, south, north, sky and earth.
10. Lu Qing: The wedding was held in a tent made of green cloth. Prevalent from the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty.
1 1. Zizou: an ancient stringed instrument with 23 strings or 25 strings, divided into horizontal and vertical.
12. concubine: a humble self-proclaimed woman in the old society.
13. Grandpa: Grandpa and mother-in-law.
14. Suitable for: marriage. (Returning to China for the first time: divorced soon after marriage)
15. Dusk: one of twelve o'clock, which is the same time (equivalent to 19: 00 to 2 1: 00 now).
16. People decide: it is the time at sea (equivalent to 2 1: 00 to 23: 00 now), which refers to the dead of night.
17. Twelve o'clock system was adopted in the Western Zhou Dynasty. In the Han Dynasty, it was named Midnight, Crow, Pingdan, Sunrise, Food Time, Horn, Japan-China, Sundial, Sunset, Dusk and Man's Decision. It is also expressed by the twelve earthly branches, and it is the child time from 23: 00 to 1 at midnight, the ugly time from 1 to 3: 00, and the Yin Shi time from 3: 00 to 5: 00, which are recursive in turn.
18. Ancient nights were divided into five periods, called five nights or five nights.
19. Jian 'an: the year number of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty. In addition to their names, emperors in ancient China often had temple names, posthumous title, honorific titles and year numbers. These titles are common in history books. (1) Temple number: The temple number began in the Western Han Dynasty and ended in the Qing Dynasty. It was the name of the feudal emperor when he died to worship the ancestral temple. Generally, the founding emperor is called Zu, and the successor is called Zong. For example, Zhao Kuangyin in the Song Dynasty was called Taizong, and later Zhao Guangyi was called Taizong. There are also some emperors who called their ancestors. For example, Zhu Yuanzhang of the Ming Dynasty called himself an ancestor, and his son Judy called himself an ancestor. In Qing Dynasty, Nuerhachi was called Taizu, Fu Lin (Shunzhi) was called Shizu, and Michelle Ye (Kangxi) was called Shengzu. But before the Sui Dynasty, not every emperor had a temple name, because according to the canon system, only people with outstanding literary talent and virtue could worship in the temple. After the Tang Dynasty, every emperor had a temple name. (2) posthumous title: posthumous title is a title evaluated by later generations according to the deeds of the deceased, which means praise or blame. As the saying goes, "people who make mistakes are traces of their actions", "big lines are famous, and small lines are famous." Do it for yourself, and you will be born in the world. "posthumous title has an emperor's obituary, which is discussed by the ritual officer; There was a minister's obituary, which was given by the court. There is also the name Shi, who went to posthumous title as a mentor. The death of the emperor appeared in the Western Zhou Dynasty. The Qin dynasty was abolished and the Han dynasty was restored until the late Qing dynasty. Personal grudges may have started in the Eastern Han Dynasty, or in the Spring and Autumn Period. After the Republic of China, the name stone still existed for some time. There are fixed words in the obituary law: love the people, say "Wen", "Wu", "De" and "Yuan", which are beautiful. Killing innocent people, being polite to others and offering sacrifices to ghosts and gods are all evil. There are also expressions of sympathy, sadness and nostalgia. Posthumous title generally uses two words, such as Yue Fei's name is Wu Mu and Harry's name is Jie Zhong. (3) Honorary title: Honorary title is a special title for the emperor, which consists of words expressing respect and praise. Either before or after death. Plus is posthumous title. It is generally believed that honorifics originated in the Tang Dynasty. In fact, as early as the Qin Dynasty unified China, Reese and others once addressed the King of Qin as "Qin Huang". But the meaning of honorific words at this time is not the same as that after Tang Dynasty. Your respectful name begins with a few words. For example, Tang Gaozu tang gaozu's honorific title is "Emperor Xiaoguang, Great Sage God". The farther back, the longer the honorific title. For example, all titles of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty are "Gao Zongfa Tianlong Yun, Sincere and Foresighted, Li Yuanji, Wen Fu Fenwu, Qin Xiaoming Ci, Sheng Jing Di", and besides the temple name "Gao Zong", there are more than 20 words of honorific titles. (4) Year number: Year number is the name of the year number of Emperor China, which was initiated by Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty. His first year number was "Jianyuan". In the future, every new monarch in every dynasty will change the title of the year, which is called Yuan Reform. Before the Ming Dynasty, feudal emperors often changed their positions whenever they encountered military events or major auspicious disasters. For example, in the fifty-fourth year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, eleven titles such as Jianyuan, Yuanguang, Yuanshuo, Yuanshou, Ding Yuan, Yuanfeng, Taichu, Tianhan, Taishi, Zhenghe and Hou Yuan were used successively. In his thirty-three years in office, Tang Gaozong used Yonghui, Xianqing, Longshuo, Linde, Ganfeng and Zhang Zong successively. Xianheng, Shangyuan, Yifeng, Tiaolu, Yonglong, Yao Kai, Yongchun and Hongdao have fourteen titles. From Zhu Yuanzhang, the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty, including the Ming and Qing Dynasties, every emperor used only one title, regardless of the length of his reign. For example, Ming Taizu only used Hongwu, and the Qing Dynasty only used Qianlong.
Songlines
1. Du Kang: According to legend, he was the first person to make wine. Later generations regarded Du Kang as Dionysus, and the wine industry regarded Du Kang as the ancestor, so it was called "Dionysus". Later generations often use "Du Kang" to refer to wine.
2. Zi: a courtesy title for the other party. Quilt: An antique collar. Youth: It's the dress of Zhou scholars, which refers to learned people here.
3. Building: building, north-south path; Strange things go to the path of the field.
4. Jian 'an's character is the same literary trend as the literati group formed with Cao Shi and his son as the center. They hold lofty political ideals, show a strong personality, have a strong tragic color, show the turbulent times at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and form an impassioned and vigorous poetic style, so they are called "Jian 'an figures". The main representatives are "Three Cao", "Seven Zi" and Cai Yan. "Three Caos" refers to Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Cao Zhi's "Seven Sons" refers to Kong Rong, Chen Lin, RoyceWong, Xu Gan, Ruan Yu, Angelababy and Liu Zhen.
5. After the establishment of Cao Wei, Cao Cao was honored as "Emperor Wu", and his temple name was "Taizu", which was called Wei Wudi in history.
6. Nineteen Ancient Poems is a collection of five-character poems created by literati in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. It first appeared in the Selected Works of Liang Xiao Tong in the Southern Dynasties, representing the highest achievement of the five-character lyric poetry of the Han Dynasty. Liu Xie called it "the crown of five words", and Zhong Rong praised it as "flawless and golden".
handicraftsmen
1. Gui Chou: The ancients often used the cross of heaven and earth to indicate the order of year, month and day. This refers to Yonghe nine years.
2. Late spring: the last month of spring. Meng, Zhong and Ji represent the order of each month, Meng represents the first month of each quarter, Zhong represents the second month and Ji represents the last month, that is, the third month. For example, Meng Chun refers to the first month of spring.
3. Hey, it's a ceremony. In ancient times, the "Si" Day in early March was the restoration day; After the Wei Dynasty in the Three Kingdoms, the third day of March was used instead of the fourth day. On March 3, people went to the water to wash and play, which is an ancient custom to pray for disaster.
4. Deed: Carved with wood or bamboo, divided into two halves, which can be used together for verification.
Red wall fu
1. Hope: 15th day of the first lunar month. Hope: the sixteenth day of the lunar calendar.
Hui: The last day of the lunar calendar. New moon: the first day of the lunar month.
2. Beauty: The ancients often regarded it as a symbol of saints or beautiful ideals.
3. Bullfighting: Dou Su and Niu Su are the names of stars.
4. Dong Xiao: A wind instrument.
5.baa bottle: a wine container made of gourd.
6. Mayfly: a small flying insect, born near the water at the turn of summer and autumn, with a short life span. The ancients called it a flash in the pan.
7. Su Shi, Su Xun and Su Zhe are all famous for their literature, and they are also called "Three Sus"; It is the same as "Cao San and his son" (Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Zhi) at the end of Han Dynasty. He made great achievements in calligraphy, and was called "Song Sijia" with Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Mi Fei and Cai Xiang.
8. Fu began in the Warring States Period and prevailed in the Han Dynasty. Between poetry and prose, it is a relatively free style. There are three main characteristics: (1) a sentence pattern based on four or six sentences, pursuing parallel pairs; (2) Require sound harmony; (3) Pay attention to algae decoration and allusions in the diction. Ask and answer questions and explain methods. In addition to the initial stage of Chu Ci, Fu has gone through several stages: Han Fu, Parallel Fu, Law Fu and Wen Fu.
Travel to Baochan Mountain
1. Futu: Also known as "Pagoda" and "Buddha Map", it means Buddha or Buddhist, and also refers to monks and stupas.
2. Yin and Yang: the water in the south of the mountain is Yang, and the water in the north of the mountain is Yin. Many place names in China are related to this, such as Jiangyin, Huaiyin, Hanyang, Hanyin, Huayin and Heyang. "Gong Yu Yishan": "It refers to the south of Henan and reaches Hanyin." "Hanyin" refers to the south of Hanshui River. "Climbing Mount Tai": "On the day of Mount Tai, wenshui flows westward; It is cloudy and the water flows eastward. " "You Bao Chan": "The so-called Huayang Cave, also known as the sun of Huashan."
3. Wang Anshi and "Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe, Ceng Gong" are also called "Eight Great Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties".
The origin and cultural roots of surnames
1. In ancient times, surnames were different. The radical of surname is "female", which reflects the characteristics of matriarchal clan society in the early Republic of China. We only know that there is a mother, but we don't know that there is a father. Only by different surnames can different tribes be distinguished.
2. During the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the surname was divided into two parts, and the noble name was the surname, while the bitch name was not the surname. Surnames are used to distinguish marriages and avoid intermarriage with the same surname.
3. In Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the names of fief, country, official position, residence, vocational skills and ancestors were often used as surnames.
4. In Qin and Han Dynasties, surnames were combined into one, and ordinary people only had first names, but they didn't deserve surnames.
Compulsory three
Three Poems by Du Fu
1. Bai Di: the name of an ancient city, located on the Dongbai Mountain in Fengjie, Chongqing. Gongsun Shu was built in the early years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and Gongsun Shu was named Bai Di, hence the name "Bai Di City".
2. Zhong Qing refers to the tomb of Wang Zhaojun. According to legend, the grass on the tomb is evergreen all the year round, hence the name "Green Tomb".
The road to Shu, so steep, steeper than Heaven.
Rules: Rhododendron, also known as Rhododendron. According to legend, it was transformed by the soul of the ancient Shu king, and the crying was sad and moving. Often used as a symbol of hurting spring and mourning.
Pipa tour
1. Pipa line: line, a genre of ancient poetry. The common genres of ancient poetry are songs, songs, quotations, songs and so on.
2. Yuanhe Decade: Yuanhe, the year number of Tang Xianzong.
3. Move to the left: demote. When Bai Juyi was appointed as an admonition officer, he angered the emperor by repeatedly criticizing state affairs and was demoted to Jiangzhou Sima.
4. Sima: The deputy envoy of the state secretariat, at that time, actually had a position but no right.
5. Kyoto tone: a musical tone popular in Chang 'an, Beijing in the Tang Dynasty.
6. Jia people: businessmen.
7. Official: (Beijing official) transferred.
8. Orchestral music: refers to music. Wind, flute, flute and other wind music. A string, such as a string, harp or pipa.
9. Jiao Fang: The official organization in charge of conducting musical acrobatics and directing songs and dances in the Tang Dynasty.
10. Juvenile Wuling: refers to the children of wealthy families in Beijing. Tombs of Five Emperors (Gao, Hui, Jing, Wu and Zhao) in Han Dynasty.
1 1. Blue shirt, black coat, low official position in the Tang Dynasty. Later generations often use "Sima's blue shirt" to describe sad feelings.
Two Poems by Li Shangyin
1. Wangdi: the title of King of Shu in the late Zhou Dynasty. It is said that after his death, his soul became a bird, named cuckoo, crying sadly and singing in late spring: Wounded spring is gone. And mourn the country's demise. Spring heart is the heart that hurts spring, which is a metaphor for nostalgia for beautiful things.
2. Chickens announce the dawn: Under the Han Dynasty system, chickens were not raised in the palace, but were sung to announce the dawn. Chicken man, the guardian of time in the palace. Lift, lift and tap the bamboo stick to tell time, which means time here.
3. "Six armies": the weekly system, the son of heaven has six armies, and 12,500 people are one army. Later refers to the army.
The reference varies from time to time: (1) refers to the army commanded by the son of heaven. Zhou Li Xia Guan Xu Guan: "Where there is an army, there is an army of 2,500 people. Wang Liujun, three armies of a big country, two armies of a second country and one army of a small country. " Later, the "Sixth Army" was taken as the collective name of the national army. For example, "The Biography of the Three Kingdoms, Wei Zhi and Xin Pi": "And the bandits from all directions are bigger than Hebei; If there is peace in Hebei, the six armies will prosper and the world will be shocked. " Fan Chengda's poem "Qiao Zhou" in Song Dynasty: "The north and south of Qiao Zhou are heavenly streets, and the elderly are waiting to ride. She asked the messenger with tears: When will the Sixth Army really come? " (2) The rulers called the leaders, guards, left and right guards, Xiao Qi and guerrillas the "Six Armies". According to the official records of Nanqi, "the leading general, the leading general of China, the general protecting the army, and the general protecting the army of China ... there are about two generals Wei, the general and the guerrilla general. Since the Jin Dynasty, it has been called the first of the six armies. " (3) refers to the sixth army of the Tang Dynasty. "Four Official Records of the New Tang Dynasty": "Left and right longwu, left and right SHEN WOO, left and right Ce Shen, the Sixth Army." The Book of the Old Tang Dynasty Official History III says that the Sixth Army refers to longwu, SHEN WOO and Yulin.
4. At that time, Tanabata laughed at cattle: it refers to the vows of eternal love between Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei on July 7, five years ago. On Qixi, the night of the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, it is said that the cowherd and the Weaver Girl in the sky meet in Tianhe every year, and women will beg for skills from the Weaver Girl in the middle of their yard on this night, so it is also called the Begging Festival.
5. Four cycles: In ancient times, Jupiter circled the sun once (12 years) as a cycle, and the fourth cycle was 48 years.
I am loyal to my country.
1. I: A man with few virtues is a humble title given to himself by an ancient monarch.
2. Hanoi fierce: Hanoi suffered from famine. Hanoi is north of the Yellow River in present-day Henan Province. Fierce, crop failure, famine year.
3. Hedong: East of the Yellow River, in the southwest of Shanxi. The Yellow River flows through Shanxi Province from north to south, so the area east of the Yellow River in Shanxi Province is called Hedong.
4. Xiaomi: Xiaomi, after hulling, becomes Xiaomi, also known as Xiaomi.
5. Xu Xiang: In the ancient school, Shang (Yin) was called Xu and Zhou Dynasty was called Yu.
Persuasive learning
1. Gentleman: This refers to a learned and cultivated person.
2. Gold: refers to metal swords, etc.
3. Step: In ancient times, stepping out one foot is a step, and stepping out two feet is a step.
On Qin dynasty
1. Kanhan, Kanshan and Hanguguan. Xiaoshan, east of Hanguguan. Hanguguan, in today's Lingbao, Henan.
2. Eight Barrens: The most remote places in all directions also refer to the world.
3. Lian Heng and Qin adopted a strategy of alienating the six countries and uniting with Qin to achieve the goal of splitting into two. Also known as "Lian Heng".
4. Cooperation (cooperation, communication "vertical"): The six countries unite to use the same strategy to deal with Qin.
5. Qi Youmeng Chang, Zhao Youping Yuan, Chu Youchun Shen, Wei Youxinling: Qi aristocrat, surnamed Tian; Zhao's aristocrat, surnamed Zhao; Chun, a nobleman of Chu, surnamed Huang; Xin Lingjun, a nobleman of Wei State, was surnamed Wei Ming Wuji. They were the famous "Four Childes" in the Warring States Period, and they were all famous for attracting guests.
6. Follow the supreme rule and make Liuhe: ascend the throne of the emperor and control the world. Follow the supreme rule and ascend to the throne. Liuhe is the square of heaven and earth.