Summer quatrains [1]
Li Qingzhao (Song Dynasty)
Living as an outstanding person,
Death is also a ghost.
I still miss Xiang Yu,
Refuse to cross the river east. [2]
To annotate ...
1 outstanding person: a hero among people. Emperor Gaozu once praised the founding heroes Sean, Xiao He and Han Xin as "outstanding figures".
2 also: also.
Ghost hero: the hero in the ghost. Qu Yuan's "Mourning the Nation": "When you die, your soul is a ghost."
④ Xiang Yu (232- 202 BC): Born in the late Qin Dynasty (now Suqian, Jiangsu). He led the rebel army to destroy the main force of Qin Jun and became the overlord of Chu. After being defeated by Liu Bang, he broke through to Wujiang (now Hexian County, Anhui Province) and committed suicide.
⑤ Jiangdong: the place where Xiang Yu fought with his uncle Xiang Liang. [3]
Literary form/style/genre
The genre of this poem is five-character quatrains.
Rules and forms of classical poetry creation
The rhyme of the poem "Summer quatrains" belongs to the blank beginning form of the first sentence.
(○ Pingsheng ● Pingsheng ⊙ Pinkequ △ Yunping ▲ Yunyun)
Live and be a man among men; Die and become the soul in the soul.
○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○1.5 (difficult to save)
Today, people still miss Xiang Yu because he refused to live and returned to the East.
⊙○○●●,⊙●●○△。
translate
People living in this world must be human and make outstanding contributions! Even if you die, you will become the overlord of the devil and lead the inferno! I (referring to Li Qingzhao) still miss Xiang Yu when Chu and Han fought for the title. Because of defeat, I would rather die than face my elders in Jiangdong! What a spirit this is! [9]
author
Li Qingzhao takes a clear picture
(1084- about 1 15 1) Yi, an outstanding female writer in the Southern Song Dynasty, was born in Jinan, Shandong Province in the Northern Song Dynasty for seven years and died in Lin 'an at the age of 72. In history, it is also called "Jinan Er 'an" with Xin Qiji, a native of Licheng, Jinan. Father Li was a famous scholar and essayist at that time. He inherited his family studies and became famous early. He is famous for his poems, poems and poems, and enjoys a high reputation in the history of China literature. Zhao Mingcheng is a textual research scientist of epigraphy. In his early years, he lived comfortably, and once cooperated with Ming City to collect and sort out calligraphy and painting stones. The nomads from the army entered the Central Plains and lived in the south. Ming Cheng died of illness and was in a lonely situation. In his lyrics, he wrote about his leisure life in the early stage, lamented his life experience in the later stage, and was deeply touched. Some of them also showed nostalgia for the Central Plains. In form, it makes good use of line drawing, forms its own school and has beautiful language. On the theory of ci, he emphasized harmony, advocated elegance and affection, put forward the theory that ci is different from one family, and opposed the method of writing poetry. He can write poems, but he doesn't keep much. Some of his poems are old and lyrical, which is different from his style of ci. "Words, to be unique. "China is the only woman whose name is used as a crater in outer space. There are Collected Works of Yi 'an Jushi and Yi 'an Ci, which have been lost. Later generations have a collection of Yu Shu's ci. There is a collection of Li Qingzhao's school notes today. [4]
background
It is reported that in A.D. 1 127, powerful nomadic people invaded the Central Plains, destroyed the Qionglou Yuyuan Garden in the Song Dynasty and took away the Hui and Qin emperors. Zhao Songcang fled south. Li Qingzhao and his wife also began to wander and flee.
Soon, her husband Zhao Mingcheng was appointed as the magistrate of Beijing Jiankang. One night, there was a rebellion in the city. As a magistrate, Zhao Mingcheng didn't do his duty of commanding repression, but ran away quietly with a rope. After the decision of rebellion, Zhao Mingcheng was dismissed by the court. Li Qingzhao was deeply ashamed of her husband's chicken out. Although there was no quarrel, the harmony between fish and water in the past is gone forever. From then on, she was cold and distant from Zhao Mingcheng.
1/kloc-0 fled to Jiangxi in 28, and they were relatively speechless along the way. Standing in the place where Xiang Yu, the overlord of Chu, committed suicide after his defeat, Li Qingzhao could not help but imagine and was filled with emotion. Facing the vast river, I recited this poem casually. Zhao Mingcheng stood behind her, and when she heard this, she felt sorry for herself and deeply blamed herself. From then on, he was depressed and soon died of an acute illness. [5]
Make an appreciative comment
The poem borrows the historical story of Xiang Yu, the overlord of the western Chu Dynasty, who refused to drag out an ignoble existence and committed suicide in Wujiang after satirizing the surrender and escape from reality of the small court in the Southern Song Dynasty, and expresses his thoughts and feelings of hoping to resist Japan and restore his homeland. The sentence "Life is a hero and death is a hero" is particularly powerful.
Li Qingzhao's poem, which begins with a pen, is correct and dignified, penetrating people's hearts and pointing directly at people's backs. "Life is a hero, death is a ghost" is not a subtle combination of words, nor is it a clever touch-up of a few words; It is the essence of conciseness, the boldness of spirit and the fearless attitude towards life. That awe-inspiring character and awe-inspiring righteousness fill the space between heaven and earth, making ghosts and gods change color in vain. The place of "as" is "as", woman! Thin boneless hands, delicate body, soft interpretation, wrapped around fingers and heart, sad and touching, delicate and touching beyond measure. Because of her consistent writing style, she is known as an "elegant school" in the literary world. When the power of the pen tip is prominent, the power of the pen tip appears. How many people in the world can match this power and momentum? "I still miss Xiang Yu and refuse to cross Jiangdong." The poetess remembered that the fierce overlord of Chu was named Xiang Yu, followed the spirit and integrity of Xiang Yu, and hated the powerful people of the current dynasty for stealing the peaceful political affairs of the Song Dynasty. They all say take a step back and broaden the horizon. A river is the dividing line between life and death, but there is only one thought, which is the difference between life and death. In order to live up to the hero's honor, Xiang Yu innocently became a seven-foot man, innocently entrusted by his elders in Jiangdong, and paid the price for his own death. "no"! Not "can't", not "don't want to", not "don't want to", not "don't go". The charm of a pen with the word "nothing" is better than uncanny workmanship and higher than heaven and earth. A heroic spirit of "killing without humiliation" and "dying without fear without humiliation" permeates the page and permeates the back of the page, which is self-evident!
This poem clearly puts forward the value orientation of life: people should be heroes in life and make contributions to the country; Even if you die, you have to die for your country and become a hero in ghosts. Patriotic passion, beyond words, was really inspiring. The rulers of the southern song dynasty ignored the lives of the people and only cared about their own escape; Abandon the rivers and mountains of the Central Plains and drag out an ignoble existence. Then, the poet remembered Xiang Yu. Xiang Yu broke through to Wujiang River, and the director of Wujiang Pavilion advised him to cross the river quickly, return to Jiangdong and beat the drums again. Xiang Yu felt ashamed to see his elders in Jiangdong, so he turned around and killed hundreds of enemy troops, and then committed suicide. The poet lashed out at the shameless behavior of the rulers in the Southern Song Dynasty, and used the ancient times to satirize the present, which was awe-inspiring. There are only twenty words in the whole poem, and three allusions are used in succession, but it's no harm to pile them up, because they are all the poet's voices. The poems that hit the floor are so generous and vigorous, all written by women, which really makes people overwhelmed. [6]