Qi Jiguang (1528165438+1October12-1588 65438+1October 5), whose name is Jing, was named Nantang, and later died. Han nationality, Penglai, Shandong (Dingyuan, Anhui, Luqiao Town, Weishan County, Jining, Shandong). Famous anti-Japanese warrior, outstanding strategist, calligrapher, poet and national hero in Ming Dynasty.
Qi Jiguang has been fighting against the Japanese pirates in the southeast coast for more than ten years, eliminating the Japanese pirates who invaded and plundered the coast for many years, and ensuring the safety of people's lives and property along the coast. Later, it fought against the northern Mongolian tribes for more than ten years, which defended the security of the northern territory and promoted the peaceful development of the Mongolian and Han nationalities. He wrote eighteen new books about Ji Xiao and fourteen practical records of training soldiers, as well as Zhi Zhi Tangji who reported to the court in different historical periods.
At the same time, Qi Jiguang is an outstanding weapon expert and military engineer. He reformed and invented all kinds of fire weapons. The warships and chariots he built made the waterway equipment of the Ming army superior to the enemy; He creatively built a hollow enemy platform on the Great Wall, which can be attacked, retreated and defended. This is a distinctive military project.
The life of the character
Early experience
Qi Jiguang is a young man with great charm and personality. Although his family is poor, he likes reading and is familiar with Confucianism, classics and history books.
In the 23rd year of Jiajing (1544), Qi Jiguang succeeded to the throne and was appointed as the director of Deng Zhouwei.
In the 25th year of Jiajing (1546), Qi Jiguang was in charge of reclamation affairs in Dengzhou Health Center. At that time, the Shandong coast was burned and looted by the Japanese army. Qi Jiguang had the intention of killing thieves, and wrote the poem "I hope Hou is not my intention, I hope the sea is flat".
In the thirty-second year of Jiajing (1553), Qi Jiguang was appointed as the director of the Ministry of Health on Zhang's recommendation, and managed 25 health centers including Dengzhou, Wendeng and Jimoying to defend against the Japanese pirates along the Shandong coast.
In the thirty-fourth year of Jiajing (1555), Qi Jiguang was transferred to Zhejiang Dusi as a general, guarding Ningbo, Shaoxing and Taizhou.
Conquer the enemy in the south
Battle of cengang
In the thirty-sixth year of Jiajing (1557), the Japanese invaded Yueqing, Ruian, Linhai and other places, and Qi Jiguang led the troops to rescue them. However, Qi Jiguang's crime was not cured before the court was cut off from the road. Then, the figurehead made an insurrection in cengang, and Qi Jiguang joined forces to besiege. But it didn't come down for a long time, so the court dismissed Qi Jiguang, Yu and others and let them kill the enemy for their crimes. The enemy troops stationed in cengang could not resist the attack of Qi Jiguang and Yu, and planned to escape.
In the thirty-seventh year of Jiajing (1558), the enemy built a big ship and prepared to sail at night. Yu and Qi Jiguang took the opportunity to attack, sank the Japanese ship, and the rest of the party fled to southern Fujian. The Japanese who escaped from cengang burned, killed and looted in Taizhou. They impeached Qi Jiguang for deliberately letting the Japanese in cengang go, and were suspected of communicating with the Japanese. Was about to be punished, but because of pacify's contribution, Qi Jiguang was reinstated, and let Qi Jiguang guard Shoutai, Jin and Yan counties.
After Qi Jiguang went to Zhejiang for his post, he found that the officers and men in Weifang had average combat capability, while the officers and men in Jinhua and Yiwu were tough, so Qi Jiguang recruited 3,000 people and trained them into an elite army under the guidance of Qi Jiguang, which was later called "Qijiajun". Qi Jiguang made laws according to the geographical characteristics of the southern swamp, and equipped its troops with firearms, weapons, warships and other equipment, so the Qijiajun became famous all over the world.
Battle of Taizhou
In the 40th year of Jiajing (156 1), the Japanese army attacked Tao Zhu and Qitou on a large scale. Qi Jiguang led an army to defend Tao Zhu, and Yulong Mountain defeated the Japanese. Qi Jiguang has been chasing Yanmenling. After the enemy fled, he took advantage of his weakness to attack Taizhou, and Qi Jiguang took the lead in beheading the enemy leader. The remaining group was cornered and all fell into the Gualing River and drowned. However, the Qitou enemy invaded Taizhou again, and Qi Jiguang led an army to destroy it in Xianju. After the victory in Taizhou, Qi Jiguang was promoted to the third class. Then, the enemy of Fujian and Guangzhou flowed into Jiangxi for insurrection, and Governor Hu Zongxian could not pacify it, so he asked Qi Jiguang for reinforcements. Qi Jiguang led the army to break in the nest, the enemy rushed to Jianning, and Qi Jiguang led the army back to Zhejiang.
Battle of Fujian
In the forty-first year of Jiajing (1562), the Japanese invaders invaded Fujian and jointly captured Shouning, Zhenghe and Ningde. Japanese invaders jointly captured Xuanzhong from Nan 'ao, Fuqing and Changle in Guangdong, and successively occupied Longyan, Songxi, Datian, Gutian and Putian.
The enemy was so powerful that local loyalists dared not attack. Hu Zongxian ordered Qi Jiguang to lead the troops to suppress thieves. Qi Jiguang led the troops to attack Yuheng first, and the waterway around Yuheng was narrow and difficult to pass. Qi Jiguang ordered the soldiers to fill the trenches with a pile of straw, because Heng defeated the enemy and beheaded more than 2,200 people. Then, Qi Jiguang pursued her victory, killed Fuqing, destroyed the cattle farm and ended the enemy's lair. The enemy figurehead hurriedly fled to Xinghua, and Qi Jiguang pursued all the way, destroying more than 60 enemy strongholds and beheading countless people.
After Qi Jiguang pacified the enemy in Fujian, he moved back to Zhejiang and went to Fuqing. Encountered a small number of Japanese pirates who landed from the Japanese depression, Qi Jiguang led the troops to attack and beheaded 200 people. After several battles, the enemy in Fujian-Guangzhou area was almost killed by Qi Jiguang.
Battle of Xinghua
After Qi Jiguang returned to Zhejiang, the new Japanese invaders waited for an opportunity to invade. After their numbers grew, they attacked Xinghua, but they didn't attack after being besieged for several months. At this time, Liu Xian sent eight people with letters to Xinghua to deliver information. When they were stopped by the enemy, the enemy put on the costume of Liu Xian's emissary, tricked the city gate open, and took the opportunity to occupy Xinghua City.
After the enemy captured Xinghua, Liu Xian led an army to approach Xinghua, but because of the serenade, Liu Xian dared not attack the city without authorization, but was impeached and accused. Yu, the company commander of Fujian, also said that an army was needed.
In the forty-second year of Jiajing (1563), the imperial court took Tan Lun as its right capital, and the governor of Fujian came to help, but all of them commanded Ouyang Shen to die in an ambush by the enemy, and the enemy occupied Pinghaiwei. In April, Qi Jiguang led Zhejiang soldiers to come to support. After Qi Jiguang arrived, Tan Lun immediately prepared for the general attack on the enemy, first erected fences in various sea passages to stop the enemy's return, and then Tan Lun thought that Yu was the right army, led by Tan Lun, and Qi Jiguang was the pioneer, besieging Pinghaiwei, which was solved in one fell swoop and beheaded more than 2,000 people. Qi Jiguang and others led the troops in pursuit, the enemy road was blocked, and more than 3,000 people were killed. Therefore, Liu Xian and others revived Xinghua. The imperial court took Qi Jiguang's previous battle of crossing the island and the record of his exploits before and after, with Qi Jiguang as the commander and thousands of households as the company commander.
Battle of Xianyou
In February of the 43rd year of Jiajing (1564), more than 10,000 people were besieged by remnants of the enemy and fought fiercely for three days. Qi Jiguang led the troops to clear the gap, and the enemy failed. Qi Jiguang led an army to chase Wang Cangping and beheaded more than 100 people. Many people fell off the cliff and died. Thousands of Dang Yu people fled and occupied Caipiling in Zhangpu. Qi Jiguang is divided into five outposts (ancient military units). Soldiers climbed up the rocks, engaged in hand-to-hand combat with the enemy, and even captured and killed 100 people. The rest of the Japanese army looted fishing boats and fled to the sea, then invaded Funing. Qi Jiguang led Li Chao and others to defeat, chased Yongning and killed more than 300 people.
In the same year, Chaozhou pirates assembled 20,000 people, and Wu Ping, a pirate, took advantage of it to plunder Chaozhou. Yu led his troops to defeat the enemy, Wu Ping surrendered, and Wu Ping was stationed in Meiling. But it didn't take long for Wu Ping to reconcile more than 10,000 enemies defeated by the Ming army. Together with Lin Daogan and Zeng Yiben, they successively landed in Zoumaxi and Bopu 'ao, and looted Nancunbao and Port Village. Qi Jiguang immediately led the army to encirclement and suppression. When Wuping was informed, he gave up Meiling, where he had been hiding before, assembled more than 100 large ships, fled to South Australia, and built the Dazhai defense line.
In the forty-fourth year of Jiajing (1565), Yu led the troops in the water army, Qi Jiguang led the troops in the infantry, and the two armies encircled Wuping. Wu Ping lost his reputation and fled to Phoenix Mountain alone.
Northern Tatar
In the first year of Jian 'an (1567), Wu Daoming asked for advice, and suggested that Qi Jiguang and others should train in Jimen area. However, after discussion, it was decided that only Qi Jiguang could be appointed. So the court appointed Qi Jiguang as the assistant to the battalion commander. At that time, Tan Lun had just recruited 30,000 infantrymen in Liao and Ji regions and 3,000 soldiers in Zhejiang, and asked Qi Jiguang to train them, and got permission.
In the second year of Qin Long (1568), Ming Muzong asked Qi Jiguang to train in Jizhou, Changping, Baoding and other places, and officials below the company commander were under the control of Qi Jiguang. After Qi Jiguang arrived, there was a company commander Guo Hu in Jizhou, and Qi Jiguang was the prime minister, so the court transferred Guo Hu and took Qi Jiguang as the company commander to guard Jizhou, Yongping, Shanhai and other places. The former and Qi Jiguang broke even, and they became the right viceroy. When northern Man Zi invaded Qingshankou, Qi Jiguang led an army to repel it.
In the first year of Wanli (1573), the little prince of Beiman and the fox Dong conspired to invade, and their reward request to the Ming court was rejected. So they burned and looted in xifengkou. When Qi Jiguang learned of this, he led a riot and almost captured the fox Dong alive. In the summer of the same year, the fox Dong invaded Taolin and was repelled by Qi Jiguang. Later, Dong's nephew Ang invaded and was defeated again. Fox Dong invaded the frontier many times, but instead of taking advantage, he suffered heavy losses, so he offered a reward, and the court promised to reward him every year.
In the second year of Wanli (1574), Chang Dongang invaded the border again, but he couldn't pass the pass, so he forced his uncle Dong Chang to invade the border. Qi Jiguang led the troops to defeat him and captured Dong Changbao alive. Dong Fox and Ang led 300 clan members to Qi Jiguang Pass to confess their crimes. Dong Fox is bald in plain clothes and crying for forgiveness. After consulting with his men, Qi Jiguang decided to accept his surrender. Dong, the fox, put the looted people back and vowed not to rebel again. From then on, Dong Hu and Leon never dared to invade Jiyumen again.
Qi Jiguang's thistle gate was impregnable, and North Man Zi could not attack it, so it turned to invade Liaodong, and Qi Jiguang led the troops to reinforce it, helping Liaodong Li Shoujiang Liang Cheng repel it. The imperial court named Qi Jiguang the Prince of Taibao, and later named him Shaobao.
The fall of famous stars
In the tenth year of Wanli (1582), the court cabinet recorded that Zhang died of illness, and Zhang Dingsi took the opportunity to say that Qi Jiguang should not be placed in the north, so Qi Jiguang was transferred to Guangdong by the court.
In the 13th year of Wanli (1585), Zhang impeached Qi Jiguang again, so Qi Jiguang was dismissed and died after returning to China.