Then let's answer the first question: What is art? Art is a broad concept, which is the general name of many art types that use modeling methods to shape the image of scenery, generally including painting, sculpture, arts and crafts, industrial design, calligraphy, seal cutting and so on. Sometimes, buildings, gardens and photography with the same shape and landscape features are also included. Art uses a wide range of materials, including almost all natural and artificial materials that can form intuitive images, from pigments to metals, stones, bamboo, clay, fibers, fabrics, leather and plastics.
2. Main characteristics and types of art: 1. The main characteristics of morning art: art is the most important part of plastic arts, which belongs to visual art in the way of perception and spatial art in the way of existence, but it is static. Therefore, art generally has both modeling and static characteristics. First, modeling. We can't think that art can only reflect the external phenomenon of life, but it still reflects the inner essence and exquisite psychology. Fine arts can express their inner feelings, spirits, thoughts and meanings through the external expression of artistic images. Secondly, static, art is static, which is different from visible moving images created by some kinds of art.
2. Main artistic types: (1) Painting: Painting is an artistic style that shapes plane scenery with certain connotations by means of lines, colors and blocks. According to the different materials and techniques used, painting can be divided into many types, including oil painting, ink painting, printmaking, watercolor painting, gouache painting, mural painting and sketch. Then let's briefly talk about the unique artistic expression of these paintings. Oil painting has a high expressive force, has created brilliant achievements, and has had a great impact on the development of world painting. Oil painting is rich in color, which can reflect the tone level, light, texture and sense of space, and can truly and vividly describe all tangible scenery; Ink painting mainly uses ink quality and water quality, and Chinese painting is its representative, so Chinese painting is often synonymous with ink painting. Ink painting mainly uses lines to outline the image, attaches great importance to pen and ink techniques, and often uses scattered perspective observation and performance to shape the image and composition. Ink painting has formed meticulous painting and freehand painting because of its different emphasis; Printmaking, a painting style of printed works by plate making, includes woodcut, copper plate, slate, hemp rubber plate, silk screen plate and so on. Murals refer to works painted on interior and exterior walls and ceilings. Its manufacturing methods are varied, including mosaic, collage, sculpture, ceramic technology and comprehensive means.
(2) Sculpture: It is one of the most substantial plastic arts. Sculpture is only suitable for expressing things through forms of expression. From the perspective of subject matter, sculpture mainly shows people, especially the human body, and sometimes it can also take animals as the subject matter. The sculpture image is simple. Sculpture can be divided into round sculpture and relief sculpture because of its different actual depth.
(3) Arts and crafts: Traditional arts and crafts include ceramics, metals, bamboo and wood, textile processing, printing and dyeing, glass, clothing, stone carving, jade carving and bone carving.
(4) Modern process design: On the one hand, modern process design meets people's demand for new materials and products, on the other hand, it also makes products lacking aesthetic feeling mechanically combine with industrial technology and artistic design to produce products that are more popular in the market, thus meeting people's material and spiritual needs at the same time.
The following questions are very important, from what is the analysis of artistic works to the methods and procedures of artistic works analysis to the composition of artistic works analysis to the problems that we should pay attention to when analyzing artistic works. It is important to pay attention to the basic knowledge of all works of art analysis, but it is the key to analyze works of art well.
Third, ten is the analysis of artistic works: it is East China Art that appreciates specific artistic works and makes a brief analysis and evaluation. The main task of artistic works analysis is to distinguish elegance, vulgarity, beauty and ugliness of works by experiencing the beauty of connotation of artistic works, so as to obtain healthy aesthetic taste and cultivate mood. There are four main characteristics in the analysis of works of art, namely: (1) research works and analyze image characteristics: in the face of works of art, we must first distinguish the types, whether it is ornamental art (painting, sculpture) or practical art; Secondly, we should identify the theme, whether it is Chinese painting, oil painting or format works; The third is to distinguish form, whether the phenomenon is concrete or abstract; The fourth is to understand the artistic characteristics of this work because of the different tools and materials used. (2) Appreciate the taste and pay attention to the ideological connotation: Excellent works of art are not only the intentional description and image display of natural scenery images, but more importantly, they convey the artist's profound experience and understanding of objects through their unique creativity and exquisite artistic expression techniques, which reflect the profound inner ideological connotation in the works and produce a * * * sound with the viewer's psychology. Therefore, when analyzing works of art, you should put aside other psychological states and really feel and experience beauty, so as to unconsciously produce more unique beauty. (3) We should collect and increase the background knowledge extensively: The so-called background knowledge refers to the works of art in different periods and countries, social, historical and cultural background, artistic development trend, various painting styles and schools, and the artist's life, thoughts and social status, because works of art are the internal expression of the artist's life experience, personality and true feelings. When analyzing works of art, we should grasp the time, intention and position of the artist's creation as accurately and concretely as possible. This requires the analysis of the artist's usual attention, especially the memory of artistic common sense. (4) Understanding comments and showing self-worth: around the theme of the work, combining theoretical knowledge, analyzing the appreciated works of art, expressing their feelings about the works, and vividly describing their characteristics in accurate and concise language.
Iv. Methods and procedures for the analysis of works of art: 1. The basic methods of artistic works analysis generally include goal-oriented method, from the outside to the inside, from the inside to the outside, horizontal and horizontal method and vertical method. (1) goal-oriented: the goal-oriented analysis method is to classify and compare the materials of characters, scenery and other contents in works of art, and systematically and selectively intersect with a certain point to grasp important facts and central ideas; Appreciate the simple design application class and modeling expression class, and dig out the connotation of the works from the simple to the deep; Grasp the main logical clues and temporal and spatial order of the analyzed works and materials; According to the comparison between the internal relationship of the work and the relationship between the scenery, understand the artist's attitude, viewpoint and the whole or partial meaning; Deduce all or part of the unexpressed meaning according to the known facts. (2) From the outside to the inside: the work analyst should select one or more formal elements from the various formal elements of the work for analysis, and then after thinking and imagination, finally get rid of the false and keep the true, classify and summarize, and finally discover the internal elements and connotations of the work. (3) From the inside out: the analyst should not consider the ten meanings and values of the work, but should first analyze the specific background conditions, the artist's intention, demand, emotional state of mind and other internal essential elements when creating the work, and choose the most suitable form among many optional formal elements for combination analysis.
(4) Horizontal Guanglian: Horizontal Guanglian analysis method can be used for both overall grasp and micro-analysis. From overall grasp to micro-analysis, the analyst needs to grasp and summarize the intermediate level and spacing of the work as a whole, and understand the choice of content, form and method of the work. (5) Vertical in-depth: Vertical analysis is an in-depth analysis activity that calmly and silently faces the works, allows the thoughts to gallop freely and quickly, selects the analysis methods that you think have certain value and unique insights, and expresses them together in artistic form and language form. 2. The basic procedure of artistic works analysis: generally divided into four steps: narration, formal analysis, explanation and evaluation. (1) Narrator describes what can be seen directly on the screen of the work, regardless of its meaning and value judgment for the time being. There are two differences here: first, for realistic works, it is necessary to indicate what things are drawn, such as people and animals. The other is abstract works, which should point out the main shapes, colors and so on. , that is, the direct feeling of the work to the analyst is ten? (2) Analysis: Analysis mainly refers to image analysis, that is, to discuss the modeling relationship of a work, including the interdependence of various modeling and their modes of action, the treatment of color tones, the creation of space, and the application of composition principles. That is, how the work makes analysts feel this way. (3) Interpretation: Interpretation is to speculate on the meaning of the work, or to explore the ideas that the artist wants to express through the work, that is, does the work want to express ten? (4) Evaluation: Evaluation is to compare and analyze the merits of a work within a range. The overall comparison should be carried out in a fairly wide range as far as possible, not limited to a certain genre or trend of thought, and then pay full attention to whether there is a sense of coordination and unity between the form and the expressed content, that is, why the work makes you feel good.
The composition problem in the analysis of artistic works is a point that needs special emphasis. Composition in a broad sense refers to the whole process, that is, from conception to completion of the conception of the work, including the combination and composition of the picture, including the embodiment of the artist's thoughts, feelings and other artistic activities in the picture performance; In a narrow sense, composition refers to layout and business positioning.
There are two main types of composition of works of art: one is drop lines's composition form, such as vertical line, horizontal line, diagonal line, S curve and so on; One is the composition form classified by shape, such as cross, L-shape, O-shape and so on.
When analyzing and grasping the composition of artistic works, we should pay attention to the subject image. In addition to occupying an important position in composition, the main images are often heavier, brighter in color, more rigorous in brushwork and structure, and more prominent in posture.
The sixth point emphasizes the problems that should be paid attention to when analyzing works of art. Art works mainly include content analysis and form analysis. In the process of analysis, we should pay attention to 1. Appropriate psychological preparation and aesthetic attitude: the analysis of art works needs to adapt to it first. Proper psychological preparation and aesthetic attitude can not only mobilize the existing artistic knowledge, cultural accomplishment and aesthetic experience of analysts, but also be the psychological basis for the artistic aesthetic exchange and dialogue between analysts and works of art. 2. Arouse positive aesthetic association and imagination: on the one hand, the characteristics of image thinking in the analysis of artistic works require analysts to develop their own association and imagination; On the other hand, works of art are the product of artists' association and imagination, and analysts must mobilize their aesthetic ability of association and imagination to understand the mystery of the organic unity of form and content. The analyst's aesthetic association and imagination are helpful to connect various visual feelings, so as to comprehensively grasp and understand the aesthetic feeling and implication of artistic works. 3. Incorporate the true feelings and grasp the aesthetic experience: the analysis of artistic works is an emotional experience activity. Only when the real feelings are integrated, the analyst can get aesthetic touch and experience. On the one hand, the analyst's emotion is caused by the infection of the work, on the other hand, he pours his emotion into the image of the work, thus forming an aesthetic voice and achieving an aesthetic experience. 4. Understanding the meaning of works by rational thinking: The analysis of works of art is not only an activity of visual perception, but also an activity of understanding the image and connotation of works. Only by combining the rational analysis of aesthetic perceptual feelings can we have a thorough and complete grasp of the connotation of the work and achieve a profound grasp of the connotation and significance of the work. 5. Repeated analysis and in-depth appreciation: The analyst's analysis of works of art is usually not done overnight, but through a process of repeated feeling, experience, appreciation and understanding, until he can fully grasp the form and content of the works, and gain a high-level analytical feeling, thus highlighting his unique ability to analyze prosperity.
In short, when analyzing works of art, we should not only grasp the form and image of the works from the visual experience, but also appreciate and understand the connotation and significance of the images given to the works by the artists. We should not only pay attention to our own appreciation, but also mobilize our own association and imagination for rational analysis, so as to obtain a unique aesthetic comprehension.
Mastering the basic knowledge of analyzing works of art perfectly, a perfect and valuable painting was born. (See Zhao Xiying and Dou Xuerui's "Tutorial for Film and Television Directors before Exam")