2. Zhuge Liang (181July 23rd to August 28th, 234), Han nationality, was born in Yang Du (now yinan county, Linyi City, Shandong Province), an outstanding politician, diplomat, inventor and strategist in the Three Kingdoms period. When he was alive, he was named Wuxiang Hou, and he was called Zhong Wuhou. Later, in order to admire Zhuge Liang's military talents, the Eastern Jin regime named him King Wuxing.
Guanghe four years 18 1 year 1 year Zhuge Liang was born in Langxie Yang Du (now yinan county, Shandong) on April 14th of the lunar calendar18/year.
In the sixth year, 189, Zhuge Liang's mother Zhang died at the age of 9.
Chu Ping was three years old 192 12 years old. Zhuge Jue, Zhuge Liang's father, died.
In the first year of Xingping 194, Zhuge Liang, his brother Zhuge Jun and his sister were adopted by his uncle Zhuge Xuan, and his brother Zhu Gejin went to Jiangdong with his stepmother.
In the second year of Xingping, at the age of 195 and 15, Zhuge Liang's uncle Zhuge Xuan was appointed as the prefect, and he and his siblings went with his uncle (now Nanchang).
Zhuge Xuan died in the second year of Jian 'an at the age of 197. Zhuge Liang and his siblings moved to Nanyang (now Wollongong, Nanyang).
In the fourth year of Jian 'an, 199, 19 years old Zhuge Liang and his friend Xu Shu studied with Mr. Si Mahui, a water mirror.
Liu Bei went to Xiangyang (now Xiangfan, Hubei Province) at the age of 27 in the 12th year of Jian 'an, and Zhuge Liang said to Liu Beichen, "Longzhong is right". Then he went out to assist Liu Bei.
In the twelfth year of Jian 'an, Zhuge Liang, 27, won the first battle in 2007.
In the 13th year of Jian 'an, 208-year-old Zhuge Liang sent messengers to Wu Dong to persuade Prince Sun Quan of Wu to resist Cao.
In the 14th year of Jian 'an, at the age of 29 in 2009, Zhuge Liang was appointed as a corps commander.
In the sixteenth year of Jian 'an, at the age of 2 1 1, Zhuge Liang, Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and Zhao Yun were guarding Jingzhou.
In the 19th year of Jian 'an (265438+2004), 34-year-old Zhuge Liang left Guan Yu to guard Jingzhou and joined hands with Zhang Fei and Zhao Yun to join forces with Liu Bei. Liu Bei captured Chengdu, Zhuge Liang served as the chief strategist and left the general office.
Twenty years after Jian 'an, Zhuge Liang rectified Bashu's internal affairs at the age of thirty-five.
In the 23rd year of Jian 'an, 265438+2008, 38-year-old Zhuge Liang stayed in Bashu to supply Liu Bei who was fighting in Hanzhong.
In the first year of Zhangwu in the middle of Shu, 22 1 year-old, 4 1 year-old, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor, with the title of "Han", which was called Shu in history. Zhuge Liang was appointed Prime Minister.
In the first year of Shu Jianxing, at the age of 43, Liu Bei defeated Baidicheng, and Yongan trusted Zhuge Liang. After Liu Bei's death, Liu Chan acceded to the throne and made Zhuge Liang the marquis of Wuxiang, in charge of Yizhou animal husbandry (Liu Chan called Zhuge Liang the butcher).
In 224, the year of Shu Jianxing, Zhuge Liang was 44 years old and adjusted the internal affairs of Bashu.
Shu Jianxing was three years old, and at the age of 45 in 225, Zhuge Liang led his army south to conquer barbarians.
Five years after the founding of Shu, 47-year-old Zhuge Liang went to the "model" and stationed in Hanzhong, that is, the Northern Expedition.
At the age of 48, in the six years of Jianxing's Northern Expedition, Zhuge Liang was beheaded by Ma Su in Shu, and he was demoted to General Right as Prime Minister.
In 229, at the age of 49, in the seventh year of the founding of Shu, Zhuge Liang made another northern expedition, seized Wudu and Yin Ping, and resumed his position as prime minister.
At the age of 50, Zhuge Liang made another northern expedition in the eighth year of Jianxing in Shu.
At the age of 23 1 and 5 1 in the ninth year of Jianxing in the middle of Shu, Zhuge Liang attacked Qishan in the northern expedition, defeated Wei Jun, and killed the famous soldier He at the wooden door.
In the 11th year of Jianxing in Shu, when Zhuge Liang was 53 years old, he was building a government to collect grain.
At the age of 54, in the twelfth year of Jianxing in the middle of Shu, Zhuge Liang went north again and died of overwork in Wuzhangyuan.
3. Chen Qun was an outstanding politician in the Three Kingdoms period. Yingchuan (now Yuzhou City, Henan Province) was born. Grandpa Chen Biao is too tall. His father, Chen Ji, served as Pingyuan Xiang, Shi Zhong and Da Hong, and his uncle died young. Chen Qun was turned into a driver by Liu Bei in his early years. Later, Mao (Xiu) was promoted as a talent, except Zhe (now Zhecheng County, Henan Province). Chen Qun refused and took refuge in Xuzhou with his father. In the third year of Jian 'an (198), Cao Cao entered Xuzhou. Chen Qun was appointed as the genus of Si Kongxi Cao Yu. Later, he served as the county magistrate of Xiao (now Xiaoxian County, Anhui Province), Zan (now Yongcheng, Henan Province) and Changping (now Xihua, Henan Province). His father came back after his death. Later, he was appointed as a viceroy, scribe and prime minister for military service. In the 18th year of Jian 'an (AD 2 13), Cao Caoli and Chen Qun were appointed as Yushicheng, and later as Shangshu, named Wu Weichang. Xelloss generation Han, Chen Qun for the book minister, promoted to the head. In the sixth year of Wei Wendi Huang Chu (225), Chen Qun was the general of the town army, responsible for protecting the army, recording history and managing state affairs. The following year, xelloss collapsed and Chen Qun was supported by testamentary edict. Wei Mingdi acceded to the throne, Yin Yinghou of Jinfeng Group, with 500 seats in Zengcheng. He died in Hou Jing in 236 AD. Chen Qun was an official in Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Cao Rui dynasties. With his outstanding ability to govern the country and loyalty to his duties, he made outstanding contributions to the etiquette system and political system construction of Cao Wei regime.
4. Zhong You (15 1-230) was born in Yingchuan Changshe (now Changge, Henan). Cao Wei was a famous calligrapher and politician in the Three Kingdoms period. When he became a teacher, Wei Wendi was on an equal footing with celebrities Hua Xin and Wang Lang at that time, and he had two sons: Yu Zhong and Zhong Hui. The official is a teacher, so the world is called Zhong Taifu. Legend has it that when I was a child, I went out with my relatives and met a fortune teller. The fortune teller said, "The child looks noble, but he will suffer from water. Be careful. " As a result, he didn't walk a few miles. He was frightened when crossing the bridge and fell into the water and died. So his relatives thought Xiangzi's words were right, so they valued him very much, paid him to concentrate on his studies, showed filial piety, and moved to Tingweizheng and Huangmen as assistant ministers. After Dong's rebellion, Li, Guo and others leaped over Chang 'an and refused Tsao Gong. Yao said that Li and Guo Si should make more heroes and have more wings, so Cao Cao contacted Chao. And recommended by Yu Xun, Cao Cao paid more attention to the cave. After the Li Guo Rebellion, the Emperor left Chang 'an, and the cave was named a hero by his ministers. Marten Han Sui, the hero of Xizhou, has a plan to recruit Cao Zhi. Cao Cao wanted to win Lu Bu and was worried about Kansai, so he took the title of lieutenant and supervised all the troops in Guanzhong as a captain. When he arrived in Chang 'an, whether Chen Shu was a blessing or a curse, Mahan gave up the idea and sent his son to be a hostage. Cao Cao fought Yuan Shao in Guandu and sent two thousand troops. When Cao Jun was short of horses, Cao Cao wrote to praise his work and called him "Xiao He". Later, Yuan Shang sent Guoyuan as the satrap of Hedong and even tied Marten; The ministers advised Yao to abandon Hedong, but Yao shouldn't. He sent Zhang that Ma Teng had fallen, * * * led the troops to attack Hedong, and only half of them helped the soldiers cross the river. Yao and Ma Chao sent troops to attack them and break the thief soldiers. Guo Yuan wept bitterly after being killed by Pound. Only after asking did I know that Yao was helping my uncle, and Pound heard about it. Later, he led troops to break through the chaos in Hedong and Wei Gu. Luoyang, with few people, moved to Guanzhong and surrendered. Luoyang was revived a few years later, which contributed greatly. Ma Chao rebelled against Kansai, Cao Cao levied it, and the caves were also requisitioned, and food and grass were supplied, and everything was required. Cao Pi replaced Han and Ren Tingwei, and was appointed as an aristocratic township head, which was as famous as Hua Xin and Wang Lang at that time. I wrote to Cao Cao and Cao Pi several times, asking to reduce the types of punishment, but I didn't get a reply. Ming Di acceded to the throne, moved to Taifu, and later died. Wei Mingdi personally sent him to the funeral and made his descendants a martyr.
Gong's calligraphy is unique, especially represented by Li and Kai. If books fly in the sea, cranes jump in the sky. Later generations commented that he was fascinated by his official career, which was very exciting. He and the great calligrapher Zhao Hu called him "Hu Fei Zhongshou". Also known as "Zhong Wang" with the King of Jinxi. On my deathbed, the teacher will say, "I think hard and learn to use a pen." Every time I see 10 thousand kinds, I paint, and I paint so intently. "
5. Sun Quan (182-252), a great emperor of Wu, was the founding emperor of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period, and his reign was from 229 to 252. An outstanding politician, he was born in Fuchun County, Wu Jun (now Fuyang, Zhejiang). Legend has it that he is a descendant of China strategist Sun Wu. Sun Jian, the second son of Changsha satrap, pacified Jiangdong with his elder brothers Wuhou and Sun Ce in his childhood. At the beginning of 200, Sun Ce died, and Sun Quan succeeded him as the master of Jiangdong. From the eighth year of Jian 'an to the thirteenth year of Jian 'an (2003 -2008), Sun Quan, the satrap of Huiji, attacked Huang Zu, the satrap of Jiangxia, three times, during which he won the general Gan Ning. In the same year, Cao Cao, the prime minister of the Han Dynasty, went south and defeated Liu Bei, the shepherd of Yuzhou. After he occupied Jingzhou, he wrote to Sun Quan, intending to take Soochow. Soochow is divided into two factions: the main war faction, headed by Lu Su and Zhou Yu, and the main peace faction, headed by Zhang Zhao. Zhang Zhao was very convincing at that time, but Sun Quan intended to fight Cao Cao. At this time, Lu Su brought Zhuge Liang, Liu Bei's strategist from Jiangxia, indicating Liu Bei's determination to unite with Wu to resist Cao. Zhou Yu's timely return shows all kinds of disadvantages of Cao Cao, and the war is expected to win. Sun Quan made a decisive decision and decided to take Zhou Yu and Cheng Pu as the left and right governors to fight against Cao Cao. Zhou Yu defeated Cao Cao with 30,000 men in Chibi with Huang Gai's plan. This is the famous Battle of Red Cliffs in history. Sun Quan, Emperor of Wu Dong (182-252)
After Chibi, Sun Quan and Cao Cao fought many times in Hefei and Ruzhou, each winning or losing. Meanwhile, Sun Quan and Liu Bei joined hands to marry their sister into Jingzhou. Judging from Lu Su's plan, Jingzhou was temporarily given to Liu Bei. 2 15 May, Anhui City was expropriated, and Zhu Guang, the satrap of Lujiang, was captured. In the same year, Liu Bei succeeded in taking Shu, and Sun Quan returned to Jingzhou, but Liu Bei refused. Sun Quan, in a rage, took Monroe as the general, even in Changsha, Guiyang and Lingling counties. Liu Bei sent another 50,000 troops to the public security, and Guan Yu confronted Lu Su's 30,000 troops in Yiyang, and the war was imminent. But at this time, Cao Cao pulled Hanzhong, and Liu Bei faced a great threat. He made peace with Sun Quan and returned the land east of Changsha, Jiangxia and Guiyang.
In 2 19, Guan Yu launched the battle of Xiangfan. At this time, Sun Quan watched Liu Bei grow bigger and bigger and challenged himself with considerable strength. He immediately changed his strategy and joined hands with Cao Cao to pull out the time bomb at the door. Monroe took Jingzhou, and Pan Zhang and Zhu Ran captured Guan Yu.
In 220, Cao Pi replaced the Han family as emperor. Sun Quan was named King of Wu, General and Jingzhou Pastor.
In 22 1 year, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor, and raised the question of turning against him. Sun Quan decisively appointed 39-year-old Lu Xun as the viceroy to meet Liu Bei and attack the enemy of Yiling.
In 222, Cao Pi attacked Wu in three ways, each winning or losing. The overall situation is dominated by Wei Jun. However, Huan Zhu gave Cao a heavy blow and turned the whole situation around. Wei Jun was not as good as expected and had to retire. (In Cao Pi's time, Sun Quan used to fight four times, but none of them were satisfactory. )
In 223, Liu Bei died of illness, and Shu and Wu exchanged envoys, and the relationship eased.
In 226, Cao Pi died of illness, and Sun Quan took the opportunity to capture Jiangxia, unable to return to heaven.
In 229, Sun Quan became emperor in Wuchang (now Sun Yicheng, Hubei), and the founding name was Dawu. The Soochow Empire was formally established, and then he moved his capital to Jianye (now Nanjing, Jiangsu).
In 234, Sun Quan responded to Zhuge Liang's last Northern Expedition and was defeated by Yangzhou secretariat Man Chong. (After 229 years, Sun Quan sent troops to the Northern Expedition many times. Because there are too many battles, he will add them later. )
After rising of sun, he sent people to the Western Seas on a large scale to strengthen his ties with Yizhou (now Taiwan Province Province). Also set up agricultural officials to open up wasteland; And set up counties in Shanyue area, which promoted the development of land in the south of the Yangtze River.
In his later years, Sun Quan became increasingly arrogant, prized Lu Yi and imposed heavy taxes and penalties. Sun Quan also made a big mistake in the dispute over heirs, and most famous ministers died unexpectedly. After the death of Sun Deng, Sun Quan first abolished Sun He, then gave Sun Ba the death penalty, and finally set up his youngest son, Sun Liang, which laid the groundwork for the future change of the Wu Palace. In 252, Sun Quan died at the age of 7 1. The great emperor of posthumous title, whose temple name was Taizu, reigned for 24 years.