First, the induction and explanation of ancient poetry related to geographical perceptual knowledge (first, the place names in ancient poetry
1, Emei Mountain falls into Pingqiang River in mid-autumn. At night, Qingxi went to the gorge, but I didn't see the next Yuzhou-Tang? Li Bai's "Emei Mountain Moon Song"
This poem comes from the second volume of the seventh grade, Reciting Ancient Poems after Class. "Pingqiang" in the poem means Qingnong River, which is in the northeast of Emei Mountain. "Qingxi" means Qingxi Station, near Emei Mountain; "Yuzhou" refers to Chongqing No.2 Middle School. Once you climb to the top of the mountain and peek, you will soon see that other mountains are dwarfed under the sky. -Don? Du Fu's "Looking at Yue"
This poem comes from Unit 5 in the first volume of Grade 8. It depicts Mount Tai natural tourist scenic spot in China. 3, advise you to drink a glass of wine and go out of Yangguan for no reason-Tang? Wang Wei's "Send Yuan and Twenty Shores to Xi"
This poem comes from the second volume of the eighth grade, Reciting Ancient Poems after Class. "Yangguan" in the poem refers to the southwest of Dunhuang City, Gansu Province.
Have you ever seen how the water of the Yellow River flows out of heaven and into the ocean, never to return? Li Bai's "Drinking"
This poem comes from Unit 5, Book 5 of Chinese in senior high school. In this poem, "Heaven" refers to Bayan Kara and "Sea" refers to Bohai Sea.
(B) the geographical evolution in ancient poetry
1, several early warblers compete for warm trees, whose new swallow pecks at the spring mud pond? Bai Juyi's Spring Tour in Qiantang
This poem comes from Unit 3, Volume 1, Grade 7. It describes the arrival of spring. Spring has come, the temperature has risen, everything has revived, and animals such as spring warblers and swallows have begun to move out. These signs tell us that this season has evolved into spring.
2, seven or eight stars in the sky, two or three points before the rain-Song? Xin Qiji's Xijiang Moon
This poem comes from Unit 3, Volume 1, Grade 7. It describes the change of the weather: just now there were few stars in the moon, and there were seven or eight stars outside, but it rained in front of the mountain. (C) the geographical landscape in ancient poetry
1, dead vines and faint crows, small bridges and flowing water, old roads and thin horses-Tianjingsha Qiu Si in Zhiyuan, Ma Yuan.
This song comes from Unit 3, Volume 1, Grade 7. The "old vine" and "small bridge flowing water" in the song are the comparative portrayal of the dry scenery in the west and the wet scenery in the south of the Yangtze River. 2. What a magnificent scenery Mount Tai is! ? Endless green spans Qilu and Qilu. -Tang Du Fu's "Looking at Yue"
This poem comes from the fifth unit of the first volume of the eighth grade, which shows that Mount Tai is the highest mountain in Qilu. 3. The Creator has endowed all mysterious nature with elegance here, and? The day immediately enters dawn and dusk. -Tang Du Fu's "Looking at Yue"
This poem comes from Unit 5 in the first volume of Grade 8. It reveals the high terrain of Mount Tai. 4. The desert is lonely and straight, and the long river sets the yen-Tang Wang Wei's "Crossing the East"
This poem comes from Unit 6 in the first volume of Grade 8. It describes the long desert scenery in Tarim Basin. 5. There's no way to recover from heavy mountains and heavy waters, and there's another village —— Song Luyou's "Tour Shanxi Village"
This poem comes from Unit 6 in the first volume of Grade 8. It reflects the topography of low mountains and hills in southern China. 6. I drink a pot of wine from the flowers alone. No one is with me. Until I raised my cup, I asked the moon to bring me my shadow and let the three of us-drink Tang Libai with the moon.
This poem comes from the second volume of the ninth grade, Reciting Ancient Poems after Class. This poem describes the full moon. The full moon is the phase of the lunar calendar 15 and 6. At this time, the moon is located in the east of the sun 180, and the rising and falling time is sunset, sunrise and sunset. The moon can be seen all night, shaped like a jade plate.
7, affectionate since ancient times, more comparable, and it is a cold autumn festival. Who knows where I am when I am awake tonight? Moonlight in Yang Liuan —— Lin Yuling by Song Liu Yong
This word comes from Unit 2, Book 3 of Chinese in senior high school. It describes the next moth eyebrow month (waning moon). The lower Mumei Moon is the lunar phase on the 25th and 6th of the lunar calendar. At this time, the moon is about 45 degrees west of the sun. It appears at the low altitude in the southeast before sunrise and can only be seen within 2-3 hours before dawn. It's shaped like a "C". From the "Xiao Feng Canyue", we can know that when you see the Canyue in the morning, it will be the next moth-eyebrow month.
8. The road is difficult to walk, and it is difficult to go to the sky; Forty-eight thousand years have passed, and there is no connection with Qin Sai —— The Difficult Road to Shu by Tang Li Bai
This poem comes from Unit 5, Book 5 of Chinese in senior high school. It shows that the rugged Shu Road and the landform of Sichuan Basin have been impassable since ancient times.
(D) the geographical distribution of ancient poetry
1, it rains at home in Huangmei season, and frogs are everywhere in the grass pond-You Yue by Song Zhao Shixiu
This poem comes from the second volume of the seventh grade, Reciting Ancient Poems after Class, and describes the rainy weather in Jianghuai area of China. Its rainfall type belongs to frontal rain and is formed by quasi-static front.
2, orange raw Huainan is orange, raw Huaibei is bitter orange-"Huainanzi"
The world of mortals rides a princess and laughs, but no one knows it's litchi —— Over Huaqing Palace by Tang Du Mu
This group of poems comes from Unit 6 of Book 3 of junior high school Chinese and Unit 2 of Book 3 of senior high school Chinese respectively. They all reflect the regional nature of agricultural production.
Second, the induction and explanation of ancient poetry related to geographical rational knowledge (1) Geographical features in ancient poetry.
1, like a spring breeze, blowing open the petals of ten thousand pear trees-Tang Bai Xue Bie Tian Ge-Wu, the clerk, went home
This poem comes from Unit 6 in the second volume of Grade 8. It reflects the weather change characteristics of cold front with wind first and then precipitation (snow).
The north wind rolls white grass, and eight In the snow crosses Tatar's Day —— Tang's "Bai Xuege Farewell to Tian Li Wu's Home"
This poem comes from Unit 6 in the second volume of Grade 8. This poem describes the climate in northern China in early winter, and reflects the climate characteristics of temperate continental climate.
3. Look, the Benma River is heading for Xue Hai! On the night of September, the wheel building is cold, and the gravel in the valley is like a peck, falling with the wind. "galloping horse song" bid farewell to feng, the general of the western expedition.
2. Poems about Geography The north wind rolled up the white grass and blew it through. Eight In the snow crossed the Tatar sky. -temperate continental climate
Suddenly, like a night wind blowing, like a pear tree in blossom. -The influence of a fast moving cold front
The south branch is warm, the north branch is cold, and there are two kinds of spring breeze. -Effects of different slope directions on vegetation.
In the world of April, the flowers have withered, and the peach blossoms in the ancient temples have just bloomed. Vertical zonality
Mourning day, drizzle like tears; Pedestrians on the road want to die. -the influence of quasi-static front
Who drives the four blessings with a whip, everything naturally rises and falls. -The rotation of the earth
Want to buy sea, a cup of spring dew is as cold as ice. -Crustal changes
It's not that chrysanthemums are favored among flowers, but that this flower is even more flowerless. -Seasonal
People have joys and sorrows, and the moon has ups and downs. -Moon phase change
When a hundred rivers enter the sea from the east, they will return to the west. -Water cycle
Early in the morning, I bid farewell to Jiangling city, which is high into the sky, thousands of miles away, and the boat is only one day away. -Large drop, rapid water flow and abundant water energy.
After all, the world is just a small place. The development of modern communication technology has made it a reality.
Come back from this mountain, pass another mountain, go up from the south and then go north-to my own town! . -Du Fu went upstream from the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River. How did he get to Xiangyang and then to Luoyang?
As soon as I rode on the smile of smoke and smoke, no one knew that the fresh fruit litchi was sent from the south. -Regional
Oranges are oranges in Huainan and oranges in Huaibei. -Regional
How the water of the Yellow River flows out of heaven and into the ocean, which is gone forever. -Water cycle
Mo Wen Sangtian, but look at Sangluozhou. Several new houses, the past big river-crustal change
The Yellow River is getting farther and farther away, because it flows in the middle of the Yellow River, and Yumenguan is located on a lonely mountain. -harsh natural conditions and sparse population.
Ask where the canal is so clear, because there is running water at the source. -Water resources are constantly updated through the water cycle.
The stormy waves beat the shore and rolled up thousands of accumulated snow. -Wave erosion
When you ask about the return date, it's hard to say, evening rain, Manqiuchi. -at night, the airflow in the basin rises, which is easy to form clouds and cause rainfall.
The red sunset is in the temple outside the temple, and the wind has not yet come, and the wind has already blown the buildings in Xianyang. The windward slope is prone to precipitation.
The sky is wild, and the wind and grass are moving to see cattle and sheep. -Scenes of the grassland
My window framed the snow-covered western hills. My door often says "goodbye" to ships sailing eastward-how did Wu Dong's ships reach the upper reaches of Minjiang River under the conditions at that time?
The long grass is so lush that the withered grass will thicken the color of the grass every autumn and winter. -Biological cycle
In August and autumn, the wind roared and rolled up my three hairs. The influence of winter wind
Why use the elegy of willow to complain about the delay of spring, old Yumenguan, a spring breeze is not blowing! -The dividing line between monsoon area and non-monsoon area is near here.
Pomegranate in Xiangyang is as red as fire, and plum is sour in the shade. -Effects of light on plants
The desert sand is like snow, and the Yanshan moon is like a hook. -Desert landscape
Looking at Dongting from a distance, there is a green snail in the silver plate. -Dongting Lake landscape
Mei Huang Shi, every family was flooded by rain, and the pond was covered with green grass and frogs. -Meiyu weather
Falling flowers are not heartless things, but turn into spring mud to protect flowers. Material circulation in ecosystem
A hundred miles doesn't sell firewood, and a thousand miles doesn't sell firewood. -Impact of transportation conditions on business
Sitting on the ground, traveling 80 thousand miles a day, watching the sky and thousands of rivers. -Earth's rotation
3. The poem praising geography, 1, "Flowers bloom in April, peach blossoms bloom in mountain temples" vividly reflects the vertical zonality.
2. "Sneaking into the night with the wind, moistening things silently" refers to warm front weather.
3. "Sit on the floor, travel 80,000 miles a day, and see thousands of rivers from afar" is applicable to equatorial regions.
"Sailing alone across the blue sky, only the Yangtze River flows in the sky" refers to the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.
5. "Falling red is not a heartless thing, but turning into spring mud protects flowers more" embodies the material cycle of the ecosystem.
6. The poem "It rains at home in Huangmei season, and frogs are everywhere in the grass pond" describes the rainy weather in late spring and early summer in China.
7. "Green lotus comes out of the water, green lotus and jade bamboo shoots are in the world" to describe the landscape of Guilin.
8. "The sky is grey, the wild is boundless, the wind blows the grass and the cattle and sheep are low" is a description of the Hetao Plain in the past.
9. What is the "spring breeze" in "Why Qiangdi complains about Liu"? "Spring breeze doesn't cross Yumen Pass" refers to summer monsoon.
10 "Four seasons in one mountain, different days in ten miles" describes the vertical changes of climate and vegetation in Hengduan mountain area.
1 1, the terrain reflected by "mountains and heavy waters have no way to recover, and there is another village with a bright future" is hilly.
12, "It rains in succession during the Qingming Festival, and pedestrians on the road are dying" reflects the Jianghuai area.
Lushan Mountain is described in 13.
14, "Two orioles sing green willows, and a line of egrets fly into the sky. The window of Xiling contains snow, and the door of Wu Dong Wan Li boating "describes the Sichuan Basin.
The waterfall described in 15, "Flying down three thousands of feet, it is suspected that the Milky Way has set for nine days", is Lushan Waterfall.
Hanshan Temple 16 "Hanshan Temple outside Gusu City, the midnight bell arrives at the passenger ship" is located in Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province.
Once you climb to the top of the mountain, you will see that all the other mountains look very short under the sky. It's a description of Mount Tai.
18. In the poem "How the Yellow River Water Moves Out of Heaven, Into the Ocean and Never Returns" written by Li Bai, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, the "heaven" here refers to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
19 "How magnificent Xiyue is, and the Yellow River comes like a silk sky" is a portrayal of the geographical scenery at the corner of the Yellow River in Shaanxi.
20. "The edge of the green forest is near, and the outline of the green hill is inclined outward" shows that the forest beautifies the environment.
2 1, "The moon shines on the forest, and the crystal stone is in its stream" shows that the forest has the functions of conserving water and soil.
22. The white sun is covered by high mountains, and the golden rivers are exhausted by the ocean, but you can broaden your horizons by walking up a flight of stairs. The mountains here during the day are the result of the earth's rotation.
The Golden River refers to the Yellow River flowing into the Bohai Sea.
23. "Water Regulation". You: "Just drink Changsha water and eat Wuchang fish, cross the river and look at the sky. No matter how stormy it is,
It is better to fight than to walk around leisurely. Today, I got more money. Zi said in Sichuan: the deceased is like a husband! As soon as the wind blows, the tortoise and snake calm down, and the grand plan has been set. One bridge flies.
North and south, the natural barrier becomes a thoroughfare. The stone wall of Xijiang River stands in Wushan fault, and the high gorge comes out of Pinghu. The goddess should be safe and sound, which will surprise the world. "
The river section described in the first poem is located in Changsha, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, and the high gorge referred to in the poem is the world-famous Three Gorges of the Yangtze River.
24. The poem "Clouds bid farewell to Bai Di, thousands of miles away in Jiangling, apes on both sides of the strait can't stop crying, and canoes have crossed Chung Shan Man" describes the scenery on both sides of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River.
25. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is described as "boundless and boundless, with ice peaks of 100 feet, thousands of feet suspended by rivers and mountains alternating with each other".
4. Ancient poems about geography 1, dead vines and old trees, faint crows, small bridges and flowing people, thin horses on ancient roads-Ma Yuan Zhiyuan's "Tianjingsha Qiu Si"
The "withered old trees" and "flowing water over a small bridge" in the song are the comparative portrayal of the dry scenery in the west and the wet scenery in the south of the Yangtze River respectively.
2. What a magnificent scenery Mount Tai is! ? Endless green spans Qilu and Qilu. -Tang Du Fu's "Looking at Yue"
It shows that Mount Tai is the highest mountain in Qilu.
3. The creator has endowed all mysterious natural grace here, and? The day immediately enters dawn and dusk. -Tang Du Fu's "Looking at Yue"
It reveals the high terrain of Mount Tai.
4. The desert is lonely and straight, and the long river sets the yen-Tang Wang Wei's "Crossing the East"
It describes the long desert scenery in Tarim Basin.
5. The mountains are heavy and the waters are heavy, and there is no road. There is another village-Song Luyou's "Traveling to Shanxi Village"
It reflects the topography of low mountains and hills in southern China.
6. I drink a pot of wine from the flowers alone. No one is with me. Until I raised my cup, I asked the moon to bring me my shadow and let the three of us-drink Tang Libai with the moon.
This poem describes the full moon. The full moon is the phase of the lunar calendar 15 and 6. At this time, the moon is located in the east of the sun 180, and the rising and falling time is sunset, sunrise and sunset. The moon can be seen all night, shaped like a jade plate.
7, affectionate since ancient times, more comparable, and it is a cold autumn festival. Who knows where I am when I am awake tonight? Moonlight in Yang Liuan —— Lin Yuling by Song Liu Yong
It describes the next moth eyebrow month (waning moon). The lower Mumei Moon is the lunar phase on the 25th and 6th of the lunar calendar. At this time, the moon is about 45 degrees west of the sun. It appears at the low altitude in the southeast before sunrise and can only be seen within 2-3 hours before dawn. It's shaped like a "C". From the "Xiao Feng Canyue", we can know that when you see the Canyue in the morning, it will be the next moth-eyebrow month.
8. The road is difficult to walk, and it is difficult to go to the sky; Forty-eight thousand years have passed, and there is no connection with Qin Sai —— The Difficult Road to Shu by Tang Li Bai
It shows that the rugged Shu Road and the landform of Sichuan Basin have been impassable since ancient times.
The more poems about geography, the better. Sitting on the floor, traveling 80 thousand miles a day, looking at thousands of rivers.
Climb higher and you can enjoy more magnificent scenery.
The sun is like a golden pill and the moon is like a golden plate.
The moon is like a white plate. After eating it, it goes east. Suddenly something came and vomited, and I don't know what it was. How can I be so fierce, so embarrassed and so fierce?
"When my boat was sailing in the fog, the day was getting dark and old memories began. How vast the world is, how close the trees are to heaven, and how close the moon is to the water! "(Meng Haoran's" A Night's Mooring on Jiande River ")" A touch of setting sun is sprinkled in the water, and half the river is rustling and half the river is red. " Cherish the third night of September, dew is like a real pearl, bow is like a real bow. "(Bai Juyi's Ode to Mujiang)" The first month is like a bow that has not been wound, obviously hanging in the blue sky. At that time, people didn't know that the moth eyebrows were small, and the reunion on March 5 was all photos. " (Miao's son "Fu Crescent Moon") "The cool moon hangs down the eyebrows in Liuwan, and the more you look at Zhongshan Mirror. Lanxi peach blossoms rained for three days, and carp came to the beach in the middle of the night. " (Dai Shulun's "Lanxi Best")
"Frosty night, Jiang Feng fishing sorrow sleep. Hanshan Temple outside Gusu City, passenger ships are ringing at midnight. " (Zhang Ji's "Night Sleeping by the Maple Bridge") "When the fishing boat returns, don't tie the boat, Jiangcun sleeps on the moon. Even if it is blown away by the wind overnight, it will only be near the shallow waters of Lu Hua. " (Sikong Shu's "Jiangcun is a thing")
"Last year's Lantern Festival, the flower market was full of lights; The willow shoots are on the moon, and people are about after dusk. " (Ouyang Xiu's "Life Inspector") "The spring river rises on the levee, and the girls are lined up on the levee. After singing all the new words, I can't see them. Red clouds reflect trees and birds sing. " (Liu Yuxi's "Treading Songs") "Sunset in Hexi, the moon rises from Dongling" (Tao Yuanming's "Miscellaneous Poems? Second, ")" The twilight clouds are full of cold, and the silver man turns to the jade plate silently "(Su Shi's" Autumn Moon in Yangguanqu ")" The foot of my bed is so bright, can there be frost already? ; Looking up, I found that it was moonlight, sinking again, and I suddenly thought of home. " (Li Bai's "Silent Night Thinking" "From from a pot of wine among the flowers, drink alone. No one is with me. Until I raised my cup, I asked the bright moon to bring me my shadow and let the three of us. " (Li Bai's "Drinking the Bright Moon Alone" "The bright moon is in the sky, and the horizon is * * * at this time. Bring a separated heart, and the night is long and considerate. " (Zhang Jiuling's "Looking at the Moon and Thinking of a Man in the Distance")
"People idle osmanthus falls, and the night is quiet and empty. A hundred birds are surprised when the moon rises, and the spring brook is ringing "(Wang Wei's" Bird Singing Creek ")" Lonely light is not exhausted, so it's good to leave. If you are a prostitute, there is no shortage of long circles. " (Lu Guimeng's "The Moon Becomes a String")
. "Since ancient times, sentimental injury parting, what's more, snubbing clear autumn festival. Who knows where I am when I am awake tonight? Yang Liuan Xiaofeng Canyue (Yu Lin Ling by Liu Yong) "Looking for chapters and sentences, old carving insects, Xiao Yue hanging a jade bow as a curtain. I don't see Liaoshui every year, where is there an article crying in the autumn wind? " (Li Mao's "South Garden") "The desert is like snow, and the Yanshan moon is like a hook. Why do you have to be a golden brain? " (Li Mao's "Ma Shi")
6. Who knows the poems describing geographical scenery? When Wang Wei lived in seclusion in Wangchuan, he wrote many beautiful landscape poems.
He wrote "Wangchuan Collection" by himself, including 20 five-character quatrains that he and his friend Pei Di sang to each other. The main content is to describe the scenery near Wangchuan and express the interest of seclusion. Look at Wu Xinyi first: hibiscus flowers with chopped red calyx in the mountains.
The mouth of a stream is silent, without a trace. They open and fall. In the silent mountain stream, magnolia blooms and falls, surviving and dying. It's not fake, it has nothing to do with the world, and no one knows.
This is a world far away from the hubbub, and it is also the unique artistic conception of the poet Wang Wei's integration of subject and object, which is simply the symbolic realm of Buddhism's view of emptiness. Therefore, Hu Yinglin, a literary critic in the Ming Dynasty, said that this poem was a work of Zen. "I have forgotten my life experience, and all my thoughts are silent."
The artistic conception created by Wang Wei here, born out of the image, is a combination of poetic realm and Zen realm, with profound meaning and strong artistic appeal. This artistic achievement can not but be said to be beneficial to his study of Buddhism and the edification of Buddhist thinking mode.
Wang Wei was called "Shi Fo" by later generations. He believed in Buddhism in his early years.
Mother Cui Shi has been practicing meditation for more than 30 years. Wang Wei and his younger brother, Wang Jin, "both worship Buddhism and live on vegetables, so it is better to eat meat and blood" (Biography of Wang Wei in Old Tang Dynasty).
When Wang Wei was 3 1 year old, his wife died and he no longer married. He lives alone in a room, and his screen is very tired. "he has no children" ("the list of brothers recommended by the bow"). He also wrote many poems about Buddhism, and he has high attainments in Buddhism.
Among the schools of Buddhism in the Tang Dynasty, Wang Wei believed in Zen, and Nanzong Zen was the main one. Nanzong Zen is the product of the combination of Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism in China, and its philosophy of destiny and life provides the latest and most complete way for China literati.
However, some practice methods of Nanzong Zen have something in common with China's poetry creation. Yan Yu, a literary critic in the Song Dynasty, said: "Generally speaking, Zen is only in the wonderful understanding, and poetry is also in the wonderful understanding" (Cang Hua).
Miao Wu is an insight into Zen, and it can also be expressed as an understanding of art. Both poetry and Zen need a keen inner experience, both emphasize enlightenment and metaphor, and both pursue meaning.
When talking about "epiphany", Nanzong Zen often uses the expression of images to convey the law, with special emphasis on the role of intuition, suggestion, induction and association in understanding. Wang Wei came from Zen, and naturally he has a deep understanding of this method of grasping the world.
He integrated his understanding of Buddhism into his outlook on life and turned religious feelings into poetic thoughts, creating a poetic artistic conception of "emptiness", "quietness" and "leisure". Zen advocates the beautiful style of mountains and rivers, which has also played a guiding and enlightening role in Wang Wei's conscious approach to mountains and rivers and the exploration of their aesthetic value.
Wang Wei described his inner experience in the poem Zhuliguan: I leaned alone in the dense bamboo, playing the pipa and humming a song. It's too light for anyone to hear, except my partner, Mingyue.
The poet sat alone in the depths of the bamboo forest, playing the piano and whistling. No one knows his existence, only the bright moon accompanies him. Nature knows his inner loneliness best, and the bright moon brings him a quiet happiness.
Things and I are one, things and I forget each other. Zen and poetry are in harmony. The same is true in Chai Lu: there seems to be no one on the empty mountain, but I think I hear a voice.
The shadow of the sunset shone into the depths of the forest, and the scenery on the moss was pleasant. There was no one in the empty mountain, only heard intermittent voices floating from the depths of the forest, and a ray of sunset was transmitted on the moss in the depths of the forest, which was so trance-like and sad.
This is the ethereal realm that Wang Wei pursues, far away from the hubbub. Although lonely, it is also meaningful. In the Qing Dynasty, Wang Yuyang said that Wang Wei's poems were "Zen", and "implicit words were tantamount to the laughter of Buddha and Ye Jia" (Continued from Silkworm Tail).
In other words, Wang Wei's landscape poems are full of Zen meaning, Zen music and Zen taste, and convey Zen meaning. Nature fully shows the poet's unique taste in the beautiful scenery of mountains and rivers.
Wang Wei doesn't necessarily go to remote places for meditation. He also looks at the vast world and the lively farm life: sunny Yuan Ye is endless and has no atmosphere at all. The gatehouse of the outer city is close to the ferry pier, and the trees at the edge of the village connect the stream and the estuary.
The silvery white river is shining in the fields, especially bright, and the green mountains stand behind the ridge. It is the busy farming season, there are no idle people, and farmers are busy going to the fields.
-"New Sunny Wild Hope" A spring rain washed away the dirt and the scene was completely new. Busy farming, people and scenery are bathed in fresh air.
The phrase "white water" forms a layered picture of close-up and distant view. The water is bright, the mountains are green, and the contrast between light and color is harmonious. On the surface, you can't see the Zen meaning of this poem.
In fact, that spring rain was like holy water poured out of a pure Buddhist bottle, which washed everything clean and ethereal. It's just that everything is wonderfully integrated with Zen and poetry, and he doesn't let Zen overwhelm poetry.
Of course, what we pay attention to is the kind of praise for farmers' life, and we appreciate the beautiful aura without tirelessly pursuing its Zen philosophy. Wang Wei is a versatile cultural giant who is good at poetry, music, painting and calligraphy.
Su Dongpo, a great writer in the Song Dynasty, said: "There are paintings in Wang Wei's poems; Look at the picture, there are poems in the picture. " (Shu Moran Tian Yan Yu Tu) His words are incisive and to the point.
Wang Wei was an accomplished landscape painter in Tang Dynasty. He painted with Xiao Shu's simple brushwork of ink and wash, created ink and wash landscapes, and became a family of his own, and was called the founder of landscape painting Nanzong by later generations.
His paintings emphasize freehand brushwork, pursue spirit likeness and express subjective feelings. So "draw things, don't ask the four seasons. If you paint flowers, you often take peaches, apricots, hibiscus and lotus flowers as a scene. " "It's hard to ask for shapes and objects." (Shen Kuo quoted Zhang Yanyuan in Mengxi) Therefore, Wang Wei is also known as the originator of China literati's freehand brushwork.
Painting can be similar in spirit, so it has the charm and interest of poetry, that is, there is poetry in painting. Staring at the natural landscape with this painting concept is a sigh, and it must have the charm of painting in poetry.
Wang Wei's profound artistic attainments in painting, music and calligraphy enable him to feel and capture the wonderful scenery, magical sound and ever-changing nature more accurately and meticulously than ordinary poets in his poetry creation, and appeal to the pen. I will also use words to set colors and pay attention to the harmony of poetry tones.
There are artistic conception of painting, fluency of music and changes of calligraphy in poetry.
7. Five ancient geographical poems: Peach Blossoms in Dalin Temple.
Bai Juyi
In the world of April, the flowers have withered, and the peach blossoms in the ancient temples have just bloomed.
I want to find a place where my life is dying, but I don't know that it has been moved here.
Precautions:
What is the end of the world in April? Mountain Temple ③ Peach blossoms.
Long hate spring is nowhere to be found? I don't know (4) to become this (5)
① People: refers to the flat village under Lushan Mountain.
(2) Agropyron cristatum: a blooming flower, which can also refer to the beautiful spring scenery of flowers and plants.
(3) Mountain Temple: refers to Dalin Temple, located at the top of Lushan incense burner. It is said that it was built by Tan E, a monk in Jin Dynasty, and it is one of the Buddhist resorts in China.
4 I don't know: I didn't expect it.
Among them: in this temple in the deep mountains.
In April, the spring flowers at the foot of the mountain have all withered, and the peach blossoms in the temples on the mountain have just bloomed.
That is to say, a phenological phenomenon, the different temperatures between mountains lead to different flowering times.
Geographical vertical zonality difference!
Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night.
Good rain knows the season, when spring comes.
Sneak into the night with the wind, moisten things silently.
The wild path is dark, and the river is bright.
Look at the red and wet place, the flowers in Jinguancheng are heavy.
"Sneaking into the night with the wind, moistening things silently" refers to warm front weather.
Farewell to Meng Haoran on the way to Yangzhou from Yellow Crane Tower.
li po
My old friend resigned from the Yellow Crane Tower,
Fireworks fell in Yangzhou in March.
Lonely sails, distant shadows, blue sky,
Only the Yangtze River flows in the sky.
[Notes]
1. Yellow Crane Tower: Yellow Chicken located in Sheshan, Wuchang, Wuhan City, Hubei Province. It is said that there are immortals riding yellow cranes here, so it is called Yellow Crane Tower.
Meng Haoran: Li Bai's friend.
3. one: go.
4. Guangling: namely Yangzhou.
5. Old friend: old friend, here refers to Meng Haoran.
6. Fireworks: refers to gorgeous spring scenery.
7. Everyone: Disappear.
8. just look: just look.
9. Sky: the horizon.
"Lonely sails and blue sky, only the Yangtze River flows in the sky" refers to the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.
Poems by Gong Zizhen and Yi Hai
The vast sadness of parting extends to the setting sun, away from Beijing, riding a whip to the east, feeling that people are on earth.
I quit my job and go home, just like a flower falling from a branch, but this is not a heartless thing. It can be turned into the soil of spring and can also play a role in nurturing the next generation.
"Falling red is not a heartless thing, but turning into spring mud protects flowers more" embodies the material cycle of the ecosystem.
make an appointment
Song Zhao Shi Xiu
It rains at home in Huangmei season.
Frogs are everywhere in the grass pond.
I can't make an appointment for midnight,
Knock the chess pieces at will and fall black and blue.
The poem "It rains at home in Huangmei season, and frogs are everywhere in the grass pond" describes the rainy weather in late spring and early summer in China.
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Don't laugh at the farmhouse music brewed in the muddled month. In the harvest month, the dishes for guests are very rich.
There is no way to go because of the winding water flow in the mountains, and a mountain village suddenly appears in the willow-green flower bay.
Xiao Gu followed the Spring Club and dressed simply and quaint.
From now on, if you ride leisurely on the moon, you will knock on the door all night with your cane.
The terrain reflected by "the mountains are heavy and the waters are heavy, and there is no road to doubt, and there is another village in the dark" is hilly.
Du Fu's two orioles sing green willows, and a line of egrets go up to the skylight, depicting the Sichuan Basin with a boat in Xiling, Qian Qiu, Xuemenbo, Wu Dong and Wan Li.
8. Geography poem 1 "Wear fur coat in the morning, wear gauze in the afternoon, and eat watermelon around the stove" describes the climate as ().
The temperate continental climate in the northwest inland
2 In "Spring Breeze", "Why should Qiangdi blame the willows? Spring breeze has nothing to do with Yumen Pass "can mean ()
summer monsoon
The north wind rolled up the white grass and scattered them, and the snow in August crossed the Tatar sky. (Keywords: temperate continental climate)
That is to say, because it goes deep inland, it is influenced by temperate continental climate, and because it is far away from the ocean, it is difficult to reach humid climate, so it is dry and rainy, and the climate is extremely continental. The annual and monthly temperature difference is the highest among all climate types. Moreover, the closer to the center of the mainland, the drier it is, and the greater the annual and daily temperature difference. It is cold in winter, controlled by high pressure, and the lowest temperature reaches -73℃. In summer, the average temperature in July in the south reaches 26~27℃, the highest is 33℃, and it is close to 20℃ in the north. Affected by this climate, winter is long and there is no summer, so it turns cold and snows early.
In April, the beauty of the world is exhausted, and the mountain temples bloom (key words: vertical zonality)
With the increase of mountain height and the decrease of temperature, the natural environment and its components change vertically, which is called vertical zonality or high zonality. The basic condition for the formation of vertical belts is the tectonic uplift of mountains, and the direct cause is the rapid decrease of heat with height (-6℃ per kilometer). As long as the mountain is high enough, a series of vertical natural zones can be formed from bottom to top.