1, with rows vertically and columns horizontally;
2. There are columns in the vertical direction, no rows or columns in the horizontal direction, and rows in the horizontal direction;
3. There are no rows in the vertical direction and no columns in the horizontal direction. In calligraphy, the font is smaller than the text, and the style of the book can be consistent with or different from the text, and the style is in harmony with the text.
4. From the microscopic point of view, calligraphy should pay attention to the lines and structure of words and the composition and emotion of the whole work.
5. Calligraphy works are divided into soft pen and hard pen, that is, brush and pen, and also into "style", such as regular script, official script, running script, cursive script and seal script.
Extended data:
Calligraphy appreciation:
To appreciate calligraphy, we should understand it from the following aspects: stippling lines, the spatial structure of calligraphy and the expressive significance of calligraphy. Dotting lines and spatial structure are the embodiment of form, and vivid meaning is the inner temperament. Calligraphy appreciation is unique in methods, thus reaching three realms of appreciation.
Dotted lines in calligraphy;
The stippling lines of calligraphy are abstract, and the image of calligraphy is meaningless, but it contains all the characteristics of beauty, so it has infinite expressive power. In this way, it puts forward special requirements for the stippling lines of calligraphy: it has a sense of strength, rhythm and three-dimensional sense.