Cai Wenji is a famous man. His names are Wenxi and mingji. Her father is a famous scholar Cai Yong. Cai Yong is the lyric of Cai's famous opera Pipa. It is said that after winning the top prize, Cai Zhong denied his wife Zhao Wuniang and did not marry the daughter of the Prime Minister, which can be said to be a thick slander on the ancients. There was no champion in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and there was no such thing as not marrying the prime minister's daughter. In this regard, Lu You once lamented in the Southern Song Dynasty: "Who is in charge behind the scenes and listens to Cai Zhonglang every other village."
It is impossible for Cai Yong to win the highest prize, but it is a fact that his talent was universally recognized at that time. During the reign of Emperor Ling of Han Dynasty, there were many errors in proofreading books, so he wrote books on the stone tablet and outside the university. At that time, the students of later generations were studying in this stone, reading what Mo wrote every day. These stone tablets were damaged by unrest and fire in Luoyang. 1800 years later, farmers in the suburbs of Luoyang dug up several stones with handwriting on them when plowing their fields. They were identified as Cai Yong's calligraphy in those days, and now they are treasured in the History Museum.
Cai Yong is a great writer and calligrapher. Liang Wudi called him: "The book of Cai Yong is full of vigor and vitality, and it is refreshing." Fan Wenlan, a contemporary historian, said: "The art of writing in the Han Dynasty reached its highest level when Cai Yong wrote the Shijing." His calligraphy is neat but not dull, quiet and vivid. In addition to the Book of Songs in Jiaping, it is said that Cao E's tablet was also written by him, with natural composition, strong brushwork and ups and downs of words, without seeking beauty, but with simple and innocent interest.
Besides, Cai Yong is good at astronomy, mathematics and physics. He is a leader in Luoyang's literary world, such as Yang Ci, Ma, and Cao Cao, who later became a great master. He often goes to Cai Yong House and asks Cai Yong for advice.
Cai Wenji was born in such a family. It is natural that he is knowledgeable, literate, good at poetry and prose, articulate and cadence. It can be said that Cai Wenji had a happy childhood, but the changes of the times interrupted this happiness.
The corruption of the Eastern Han government eventually led to the Yellow Scarf Army uprising and strengthened the local forces represented by powerful landlords. After General He Jin was killed by ten eunuchs, Dong Zhuo marched into Luoyang, killed ten attendants and took control of the state affairs. In order to consolidate his rule, Dong Zhuo deliberately wooed the famous Cai Yong in Beijing, three times a day, worshiped the corps commander, and later even named him Levin Hou. Dong Zhuo's retrogression in North Korea caused the joint opposition of various local forces. Dong Zhuo burned Luoyang and moved to Chang 'an. Dong Zhuo was killed by Lu Bu. Cai Yong was also punished by Tingwei, and Cai Yong asked him to cut off his head in order to complete the history of the Han Dynasty. The literati also expressed sympathy and saved him. Maribe even said, "Is it disappointing that Boyi learns from the world and punishes him?" But in the end, he is bound to die, leaving many topics for discussion, saying that he is a "writer with San Lv and filial piety". Comparing him to Qu Yuan in composition, comparing him to Zeng Shen and filial son, there must be many people who speak ill of him.
After Dong Zhuo's death, his Ministry will capture Chang 'an again, and the situation of warlord scuffle finally took shape. Fan seized the opportunity to plunder soldiers in the Central Plains. In "The Midlands are fragile, all the soldiers are Hu Qiang, they hunt the besieged city vertically, and they know what they are going to do." Horses hang heads, horses carry women, and they drive into the desert with many obstacles. "Due to the situation, Cai Wenji and many captured women were taken to the southern Xiongnu.
This mentality can be imagined. At the beginning, Xi Junhe married Wusun Wang, and Wang Zhaojun married Hu Hanxie. Finally, they pay attention to their own status, but because they are far away from their hometown, they have an infinite desolation, and Cai Wenji is still plundered! Suffering from the abuse and flogging of soldiers, she stepped into an uncertain future. She is twenty-three years old and has been away for twelve years.
In this 12 year, she married Xiongnu Zuo and suffered the pain of living in a foreign land. Of course, she also gave birth to two sons for Zuo. The older one is Adiguai, and the younger one is Ameguai. She also learned to play Hu Jia and learned some foreign languages.
In this 12 year, Cao Cao basically wiped out the northern heroes, welcomed Emperor Han Xian from Chang 'an to Xuchang, and later moved to Luoyang. Cao Cao became the prime minister, holding the emperor to make princes. Once a person can catch his breath, he can think of the past, especially when he is full of ambition. In this memory, he remembered the teaching of his childhood teacher Cai Yong and that the teacher had no son but only one daughter. When he learned that the girl was arrested in South Xiongnu, he immediately sent Zhou Jin as a special envoy, carrying two hundred gold and a pair of white walls to redeem her.
It is painful for Cai Wenji to be plundered for many years. Now, once she is going to end her life at the age of 12, she will leave her left and her two innocent sons. She can't say whether she is sad or happy. She only felt heartbroken and tearful. At the urging of Ambassador China, she boarded the bus in a trance and lived with the wheels turning 12 years.
After the southern Huns arrived in Cai Wenji, they rolled reed leaves on the moonlit night, making a plaintive sound, imitating Cai Wenji's "Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia" and becoming an enduring local tune. Playing "Hu Jia Shi Ba Pa" with Zheng is a very popular musical instrument in the Central Plains. It is said that this fashion in the Central Plains began with her last husband, Dong Si.
When the melody of this clarinet was created by Ms. Cai, when she sang its eighteen bars one by one a long time ago;
Hearing this, the conference semifinals were filled with tears, and the grass was wet. Han made pork liver sausage for Guike.
Li Qi of the Tang Dynasty expressed this feeling.
Cai Wenji is miserable. "Returning home" and "mother-child reunion" are both beautiful, and everyone should enjoy them, but she can't have both.
Cai Wenji returned to his hometown of Chenliu County under the care of Zhou Jin, but broken walls had nowhere to live. Under the arrangement of Cao Cao, she married Dongsi, a captain officer in abel tamata. She was thirty-five years old this year. This year was 208 AD, when the famous "Battle of Red Cliffs" broke out.
The rough fate seems to follow the poor orphan girl and never relax. In the second year after marriage, she relied on her, and her husband committed a crime and died. Regardless of bad blood, she went to the Prime Minister's Office of Cao Cao to intercede.
Cao Cao is holding a grand banquet with guests, officials and doctors. All the messengers are seated. When Cao Cao heard that Cai Wenji had asked for an audience, he said, "Cai Bokai's daughter is outside, and everyone knows her talent. Now you see her! "
Cai Wenji came to the classroom, knelt down and explained the reason sadly. All the guests here sighed, sighed. Cao Cao said, "It is indeed worthy of sympathy, but the official document has gone. What can we do about it? " Cai Wenji said earnestly, "In the Ming Dynasty, ten thousand horses made a tiger into a forest. Why go riding with a sick foot instead of dying? " Say and kowtow. Cao Cao remembered his past friendship with Cai Yong and the tragic life experience of Cai Wenji. If Dongsi was executed, Wenxi would not survive, so he immediately sent someone to speed up the use of troops, recover the documents and pardon him.
Cai Wenji married Dong Si after she came back from Shuozhou. At first, the life of husband and wife was not very harmonious. As far as Cai Wenji is concerned, he has suffered from chaos and sadness, and he is already in a state of collapse. In addition, he misses Alakazam's two sons and is often in a trance. Dong Si is in his prime, handsome, well-read, proficient in temperament and thinks highly of himself. Naturally, he felt helpless and inadequate about Cai Wenji, but at the request of the Prime Minister, he had to accept her. Dongsi committed a crime and died. Isn't it the result of his rebellious behavior in an unhappy marriage? Of course, Cai Wenji knew the truth, so he summoned all his strength to forgive her husband. Finally, with the help of his father, Cao Cao's compassion was aroused and Dong Si's life was saved.
From then on, Dong Si appreciated his wife's kindness, made a 180 degree turn emotionally, and began to reevaluate Cai Wenji. The husband and wife also saw through the world and went upstream to live in the foothills with beautiful scenery and lush trees. A few years later, Cao Cao passed by hunting and visited.
According to legend, when Cai Wenji interceded for Dong Si, Cao Cao was deeply saddened to see Cai Wenji in the severe winter, and ordered someone to bring her a headscarf, shoes and socks and let her live in her own house until Dong Si came back. Cao Cao's literature is also modern, so people especially love books, especially rare books. In a chat, Cao Cao expressed his admiration for the original books in Cai Wenji's home. When Cai Wenji told him that 4,000 books in his family were lost after several wars, Cao Cao was very disappointed. He was overjoyed to hear that Cai Wenji could recite 400 books, and immediately said, "In that case, how about ordering ten bibliophiles to copy them in Zunfu?" Cai Wenji replied in fear, "I heard that there are differences between men and women. I don't give gifts to my relatives. I begged for a cursive pen. It is really grass. " In this way, Cai Wenji wrote 400 articles from memory, all of which were correct, which satisfied Cao Cao's curiosity and showed Cai Wenji's talent.
Cai Wenji's works handed down from generation to generation include Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia and Poems of Sorrow and Anger, which are called the first autobiographical five-character narrative poem written by literati in the history of China poetry. "True feelings are poor in nature" and passion is sour, which is integrated into Jian 'an's poems.
Cai Wenji was married three times in his life. Zeng Yuan married the Wei family in Hedong before being taken to the southern Xiongnu. Wei family is a noble family in Hedong, and her husband Wei Zhongdao is an outstanding scholar in the university. The couple loved each other very much, but it didn't last long. Less than a year later, Wei Zhongdao died of hemoptysis. Never giving birth to a son and a half daughter, the Wei family suspected that she had killed her husband. At that time, despite his father's opposition, he left the Wei family and returned to his hometown. She finally married Dong Si and gave birth to a son and a daughter. The daughter married Sima Yi's son Sima Shi.
About her marriage, Ding Kun said this in "Cai Bo Ai Fu":
"Iraq's large-scale daughter, the favored nature of God;
China twenty-eight years, Deng Lin fresh.
The six pillars of the Ming Dynasty are still true and serve the language of women's history;
After attending the Qing training in the imperial court, you can understand the cloud.
When there is a beautiful month in March, return to the sky;
Drag Rodin's petticoat and wear Cui Jin's gorgeous glitter.
Envy and glory with hair, sorrow and frost have been countless;
How can we grow old together and enjoy our old age? "
Sheng prides himself on being talented, but I didn't expect a versatile woman to have such a miserable fate and such an unfortunate marriage life. Cai Wenji's life was rough, roughly as above. Some people think that Cai Wenji was humiliated, grew a beard, and his words were superfluous, but his frugality was insufficient, which is another matter.