(Song Zhuxi, Zhu Zi, Meng Tong)
Reading method
All reading: shaping, centering, reading words, breaking sentences and reading slowly; Make sure you know every word. Don't look anywhere else, touch something else with your hands. It's important to remember the number of times carefully. Sing if you have enough times. Not enough times. Although I have recited it, I will remember it all over; You must bring warmth day by day and reason month by month, so that you can never forget it.
(When Tu was a teenager in Ming Dynasty)
Note: You don't study much. If you can master skilled kung fu, you will get it after a long time. Nowadays, children don't want to recite it, and regard it as the merit of teachers to please their fathers and brothers; Therefore, no matter how familiar or unfamiliar you are, if you read too slowly, you will forget it immediately, and it is appropriate to quit.
Familiar with reading method
Anyone who reads a familiar book with his heart, word for word, should read slowly, think slowly, think and think again, which makes his mind and mind exhausted. Zhu thinks carefully and swims with an open mind; Confucius' so-called review of the past and knowledge of the new, unlike the questioner, cares about this.
(Cheng's annual study schedule)
Based on a hundred times
Read a hundred times, and you must chew it repeatedly to have a taste. Let all his words come from my mouth, all his meanings come from my heart, and then achieve mastery through a comprehensive study. If you are not proficient, you can add it a hundred times; Still need to review from time to time. If the time is not up, recite it yourself first; Fuzzy memory is always difficult to identify and understand, which is useless for learning.
(I don't know what to say about family rules)
Expertise is the most valuable.
Reading must be memorized, those who are familiar with it but fail to think carefully have it, and those who can't remember it have it. Since childhood, there are many books to read. In this class, readers, when reading a new book for the first time, students will know it by heart, and teachers will know it by heart. When the time comes, I gradually forget it, and then I review it. This book needs to be read many times and it takes a lot of time. Read more, spend less time, review more and forget more. Teachers and students are afraid of gentle suffering until they abandon old books, which is the same as not reading them. All previous efforts will be wasted, and there will be no books that are good at this for life. Reading it a hundred times and memorizing it seems to be an arduous task. If you don't know the merits and demerits of a hundred times, you can study hard, especially read hard. Don't worry, this is one of the ways. Warm your back every day, as easy as blowing off dust. Although there are many warm books, they are difficult to read through. Although you are diligent in the front, there will be results in the back. Chang Yun, a senior, said: "When reading, don't wait until it is warm." When you read a speech for the first time, you must thoroughly understand it and never forget it. Another cloud says, "Reading warm books is like reading when you are alive." Someone said it in "Good at this", lest I read it before opening my mouth. I must read every word clearly and understand every word, just like reading a book. The second language is just what Cheng said. In short, one sentence is familiar, and one inch won't waste this life, and it will last forever.
Twenty-two reading methods
Read the new lesson ten times a day and write it down with strokes. The next day, when reading a new text, review the old text five times, mark it five times, and then read the new text ten times; On the third day, after reading the third lesson, review the first lesson five times, the second lesson five times, and then read the third lesson ten times; On the fourth day, the first lesson was reviewed twice, the second lesson and the third lesson were reviewed five times each ... and so on, until each lesson was read 22 times, the strokes added up to exactly one word "read". Mr. Feng Zikai called this 22-time reading method stupid, but it worked well for him.
(Feng Zikai) The above information is extracted from the Internet, and the keyword is "ancient and modern endorsement methods".
Perhaps it is because the ancients used "Hundred Memories" to recite, so the sixth "Twenty-two Reading Methods" was not included in the original text of "Reciting Calligraphy in Ancient and Modern Times". However, there are also online articles that list "Twenty-two Reading Methods" as the sixth kind, so they are extracted for reference by colleagues.
In fact, the above "endorsement" method really emphasizes "familiar reading" and "slow reading", repeatedly. The publication of the paper emphasizes "reading a hundred times", but does not emphasize "reciting", and even explicitly opposes reluctant reciting, which is worth pondering.
China people are the most capable people in the world, but the ancients used a skill without any skill: "Hundred Times Method".